Question 1

Write chemical equations that show what happens when acid rain reacts with limestone rock.

Accepted Answer

CaCO₃ + 2H⁺

Question 2

Nitric acid is converted to ________ in the soil.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nitric acid is converted to ________ in...

Question 3

________ is the biological or industrial conversion of molecular nitrogen into nitrogen compounds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the biological or industrial conversion...

Question 4

Which below is a CFC?

Accepted Answer

A)  CFCl3 
B)  CF2Cl2 
C)  C2F3Cl3 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  CFCl3 
B)  CF2Cl2 
C)  C2F3Cl3 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 5

Ozone

Accepted Answer

A)  dissociates to O and O2 by absorbing UV energy. 
B)  is formed by the combination of oxygen atoms with O2 molecules. 
C)  can be destroyed by chlorine atoms that result from the decomposition of chlorocarbons in the stratosphere. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  None of these choices. 
A)  dissociates to O and O2 by absorbing UV energy. 
B)  is formed by the combination of oxygen atoms with O2 molecules. 
C)  can be destroyed by chlorine atoms that result from the decomposition of chlorocarbons in the stratosphere. 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
E)  None of these choices.

Question 6

Acid rain is precipitation having a pH that is

Accepted Answer

A)  above 7. 
B)  below 5.5. 
C)  below 7. 
D)  above 8.6. 
E)  above 10. 
A)  above 7. 
B)  below 5.5. 
C)  below 7. 
D)  above 8.6. 
E)  above 10.

Question 7

Chlorofluorocarbons diffuse in the troposphere where they begin to decompose allowing the chlorine atoms to break down ozone.

Accepted Answer

A)  True 
B)  False 
A)  True 
B)  False

Question 8

How is atmospheric oxygen removed from the environment?

Accepted Answer

through respiration

Question 9

Write out the steps in the mechanism by which ozone is formed in the stratosphere.

Accepted Answer

O₂(g) + hv

Question 10

Which of these species is not an acidic oxide?

Accepted Answer

A)  P4O10 
B)  P4O6 
C)  SO3 
D)  CO 
E)  SiO2 
A)  P4O10 
B)  P4O6 
C)  SO3 
D)  CO 
E)  SiO2

Question 11

Nitrogen fixation occurs through atmospheric, industrial, and biological processes. Which of these fixes the most nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  atmospheric 
C)  industrial 
D)  industrial ≈ atmospheric 
E)  industrial ≈ biological 
A)  biological 
B)  atmospheric 
C)  industrial 
D)  industrial ≈ atmospheric 
E)  industrial ≈ biological

Question 12

Name four "greenhouse gases" besides carbon dioxide.

Accepted Answer

methane, n

Question 13

What is the layer of the atmosphere called which consists of nitrogen, oxygen, and ozone and the air temperature decreases with increasing altitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  outer atmosphere 
B)  mesosphere 
C)  thermosphere 
D)  troposphere 
E)  stratosphere 
A)  outer atmosphere 
B)  mesosphere 
C)  thermosphere 
D)  troposphere 
E)  stratosphere

Question 14

When radon decays it produces Po-214 and Po-218. This means that

Accepted Answer

A)  a gas (radon) is converted into a solid (Po). 
B)  radon decays into nonhazardous products. 
C)  after the decay there is no danger due to radioactivity. 
D)  the polonium can be swept out of the basement. 
E)  None of these choices. 
A)  a gas (radon) is converted into a solid (Po). 
B)  radon decays into nonhazardous products. 
C)  after the decay there is no danger due to radioactivity. 
D)  the polonium can be swept out of the basement. 
E)  None of these choices.

Question 15

What colors do excited nitrogen molecules emit?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What colors do excited nitrogen molecules emit?...

Question 16

________ is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the surface of the Earth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the layer of the atmosphere...

Question 17

Ozone protects us from ultraviolet light by

Accepted Answer

A)  reflecting the light from the ozone layer. 
B)  reacting with oxygen atoms to form O2. 
C)  dissociating into O2 and oxygen atoms. 
D)  None of these choices. 
A)  reflecting the light from the ozone layer. 
B)  reacting with oxygen atoms to form O2. 
C)  dissociating into O2 and oxygen atoms. 
D)  None of these choices.

Question 18

The rate constant of the reaction Cl + CHCl3 → HCl + CCl3 is 5.8 × 107 M-1 s-1 at 25°C and has an activation energy of 11.0 kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction in the lower stratosphere where the temperature is -57°C.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.1 × 107 M-1 s-1 
B)  4.2 × 107 M-1 s-1 
C)  4.9 × 109 M-1 s-1 
D)  9.5 × 106 M-1 s-1 
E)  2.7 × 109 M-1 s-1 
A)  1.1 × 107 M-1 s-1 
B)  4.2 × 107 M-1 s-1 
C)  4.9 × 109 M-1 s-1 
D)  9.5 × 106 M-1 s-1 
E)  2.7 × 109 M-1 s-1

Question 19

Choose the incorrect statement concerning radon gas.

Accepted Answer

A)  Radon gas is found at home. 
B)  Radon is a noble gas. 
C)  Radon accounts for 3/4 of the Earth's background radioactivity. 
D)  Radon-222 is the most hazardous form of radon due to a half-life of 3.8 days. 
A)  Radon gas is found at home. 
B)  Radon is a noble gas. 
C)  Radon accounts for 3/4 of the Earth's background radioactivity. 
D)  Radon-222 is the most hazardous form of radon due to a half-life of 3.8 days.

Question 20

The gases spewed into the atmosphere when a volcano erupts are N2, H2S, HCl, HF, CO2, and water vapor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: Environmental Chemistry

Write chemical equations that show what happens when acid rain reacts with limestone rock.

Nitric acid is converted to ________ in the soil.

________ is the biological or industrial conversion of molecular nitrogen into nitrogen compounds.

Which below is a CFC?

Ozone

Acid rain is precipitation having a pH that is

Chlorofluorocarbons diffuse in the troposphere where they begin to decompose allowing the chlorine atoms to break down ozone.

How is atmospheric oxygen removed from the environment?

Write out the steps in the mechanism by which ozone is formed in the stratosphere.

Which of these species is not an acidic oxide?

Nitrogen fixation occurs through atmospheric, industrial, and biological processes. Which of these fixes the most nitrogen?

Name four "greenhouse gases" besides carbon dioxide.

What is the layer of the atmosphere called which consists of nitrogen, oxygen, and ozone and the air temperature decreases with increasing altitude?

When radon decays it produces Po-214 and Po-218. This means that

What colors do excited nitrogen molecules emit?

________ is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the surface of the Earth.

Ozone protects us from ultraviolet light by

The rate constant of the reaction Cl + CHCl3 → HCl + CCl3 is 5.8 × 107 M-1 s-1 at 25°C and has an activation energy of 11.0 kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction in the lower stratosphere where the temperature is -57°C.

Choose the incorrect statement concerning radon gas.

The gases spewed into the atmosphere when a volcano erupts are N2, H2S, HCl, HF, CO2, and water vapor.

Chemistry: the Central Science

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Ratios of Combination

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Intermolecular Forces and the Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

Modern Materials

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Organic Chemistry

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The rate constant of the reaction Cl + CHCl₃ → HCl + CCl₃ is 5.8 × 10⁷ M^-1 s^-1 at 25°C and has an activation energy of 11.0 kJ/mol. Calculate the rate constant for this reaction in the lower stratosphere where the temperature is -57°C.

The gases spewed into the atmosphere when a volcano erupts are N₂, H₂S, HCl, HF, CO₂, and water vapor.