Question 1

Bacteriophages are responsible for the process of transformation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

An akinete is a ______ of cyanobacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthetic pigment 
B)  filamentous fragment 
C)  storage compound 
D)  resistant spore 
E)  pigment 
A)  photosynthetic pigment 
B)  filamentous fragment 
C)  storage compound 
D)  resistant spore 
E)  pigment

Question 3

Which group of archaeans lacks a cell wall?

Accepted Answer

A)  mycoplasmas 
B)  extreme thermophiles 
C)  members of the genus Thermoplasma 
D)  extreme halophiles 
E)  methanogens 
A)  mycoplasmas 
B)  extreme thermophiles 
C)  members of the genus Thermoplasma 
D)  extreme halophiles 
E)  methanogens

Question 4

Stromatolites are produced when cyanobacteria:

Accepted Answer

A)  bind calcium-rich sediments. 
B)  produce sheaths covered with ice crystals. 
C)  react with the minerals in hot springs. 
D)  interact with fur. 
E)  interact with the roots of higher plants. 
A)  bind calcium-rich sediments. 
B)  produce sheaths covered with ice crystals. 
C)  react with the minerals in hot springs. 
D)  interact with fur. 
E)  interact with the roots of higher plants.

Question 5

Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilms in the airways of the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Stromatolites are layered chalk deposits produced by colonies of Trichodesmium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The heterocysts of cyanobacteria are most closely associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  sporulation. 
B)  nitrogen fixation. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  gliding movements. 
E)  buoyancy. 
A)  sporulation. 
B)  nitrogen fixation. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  gliding movements. 
E)  buoyancy.

Question 8

Psychrophiles are prokaryotes that have very high temperature optima.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following processes is NOT a type of lateral gene transfer in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  binary fission 
B)  transduction 
C)  transformation 
D)  conjugation 
E)  horizontal gene transfer 
A)  binary fission 
B)  transduction 
C)  transformation 
D)  conjugation 
E)  horizontal gene transfer

Question 10

The great majority of viruses have a genome composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  single-stranded RNA. 
B)  single-stranded DNA. 
C)  double-stranded RNA. 
D)  double-stranded DNA. 
E)  RNA and DNA. 
A)  single-stranded RNA. 
B)  single-stranded DNA. 
C)  double-stranded RNA. 
D)  double-stranded DNA. 
E)  RNA and DNA.

Question 11

Viroids consist only of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  protein capsid. 
B)  linear DNA molecule. 
C)  circular DNA molecule. 
D)  linear RNA molecule. 
E)  circular RNA molecule. 
A)  protein capsid. 
B)  linear DNA molecule. 
C)  circular DNA molecule. 
D)  linear RNA molecule. 
E)  circular RNA molecule.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the ecological role of prokaryotes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autotrophic species make major contributions to the global carbon balance. 
B)  Certain species fix atmospheric nitrogen. 
C)  Decomposers recycle materials from the bodies of dead organisms. 
D)  Certain bacteria degrade pesticides and other synthetic substances. 
E)  Certain prokaryotes are currently the most widely used method for cleaning up toxic dumps. 
A)  Autotrophic species make major contributions to the global carbon balance. 
B)  Certain species fix atmospheric nitrogen. 
C)  Decomposers recycle materials from the bodies of dead organisms. 
D)  Certain bacteria degrade pesticides and other synthetic substances. 
E)  Certain prokaryotes are currently the most widely used method for cleaning up toxic dumps.

Question 13

Movement proteins facilitate the movement of viruses:

Accepted Answer

A)  through plasmodesmata. 
B)  through vessels. 
C)  through sieve tubes. 
D)  across the plasma membrane. 
E)  across the nuclear envelope. 
A)  through plasmodesmata. 
B)  through vessels. 
C)  through sieve tubes. 
D)  across the plasma membrane. 
E)  across the nuclear envelope.

Question 14

In prokaryotes, poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid is a storage compound occurring:

Accepted Answer

A)  in the nucleoid. 
B)  in the plasma membrane. 
C)  in the cell wall. 
D)  as inclusion bodies. 
E)  as fimbriae. 
A)  in the nucleoid. 
B)  in the plasma membrane. 
C)  in the cell wall. 
D)  as inclusion bodies. 
E)  as fimbriae.

Question 15

Viruses are spread from diseased to healthy plants primarily by bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The purple and green bacteria are photosynthetic bacteria that grow only under anaerobic conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The oldest known fossils of prokaryotes are found in rocks dated at about ______ years old.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.5 million 
B)  35 million 
C)  350 million 
D)  3.5 billion 
E)  35 billion 
A)  3.5 million 
B)  35 million 
C)  350 million 
D)  3.5 billion 
E)  35 billion

Question 18

______ are photosynthetic prokaryotes that contain chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids but lack phycobilins.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycoplasmas 
B)  Purple and green bacteria 
C)  Mycoplasma-like organisms 
D)  Cyanobacteria 
E)  Prochlorophytes 
A)  Mycoplasmas 
B)  Purple and green bacteria 
C)  Mycoplasma-like organisms 
D)  Cyanobacteria 
E)  Prochlorophytes

Question 19

Prokaryotes that use inorganic compounds rather than light as an energy source are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  heterotrophs. 
B)  chemosynthetic autotrophs. 
C)  photosynthetic autotrophs. 
D)  psychrophiles. 
E)  saprotrophs. 
A)  heterotrophs. 
B)  chemosynthetic autotrophs. 
C)  photosynthetic autotrophs. 
D)  psychrophiles. 
E)  saprotrophs.

Question 20

Biofilms consist of bacteria and archaea enclosed in a matrix of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Prokaryotes and Viruses

Bacteriophages are responsible for the process of transformation.

An akinete is a ______ of cyanobacteria.

Which group of archaeans lacks a cell wall?

Stromatolites are produced when cyanobacteria:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilms in the airways of the lungs.

Stromatolites are layered chalk deposits produced by colonies of Trichodesmium.

The heterocysts of cyanobacteria are most closely associated with:

Psychrophiles are prokaryotes that have very high temperature optima.

Which of the following processes is NOT a type of lateral gene transfer in prokaryotes?

The great majority of viruses have a genome composed of:

Viroids consist only of a:

Which of the following statements about the ecological role of prokaryotes is FALSE?

Movement proteins facilitate the movement of viruses:

In prokaryotes, poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid is a storage compound occurring:

Viruses are spread from diseased to healthy plants primarily by bacteria.

The purple and green bacteria are photosynthetic bacteria that grow only under anaerobic conditions.

The oldest known fossils of prokaryotes are found in rocks dated at about ______ years old.

______ are photosynthetic prokaryotes that contain chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids but lack phycobilins.

Prokaryotes that use inorganic compounds rather than light as an energy source are called:

Biofilms consist of bacteria and archaea enclosed in a matrix of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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