Question 1

Humus consists mostly of:

Accepted Answer

A)  living organic matter. 
B)  dead organic matter. 
C)  sand. 
D)  silt. 
E)  clay. 
A)  living organic matter. 
B)  dead organic matter. 
C)  sand. 
D)  silt. 
E)  clay.

Question 2

Legumes grown in culture benefit from the addition of cobalt because the cobalt:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria. 
B)  stimulates cell division of the apical meristem. 
C)  stimulates the growth of root cells. 
D)  is required by mycorrhizae. 
E)  is required by symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
A)  inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria. 
B)  stimulates cell division of the apical meristem. 
C)  stimulates the growth of root cells. 
D)  is required by mycorrhizae. 
E)  is required by symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a way in which nitrogen is lost from an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  harvesting of plants 
B)  soil erosion 
C)  burning of plants 
D)  leaching 
E)  nitrification 
A)  harvesting of plants 
B)  soil erosion 
C)  burning of plants 
D)  leaching 
E)  nitrification

Question 4

A determinate nodule has a persistent meristem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Lime is added to soils in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide nutrients. 
B)  raise the pH. 
C)  remove excess salts. 
D)  provide ions for cation exchange. 
E)  kill insect pests. 
A)  provide nutrients. 
B)  raise the pH. 
C)  remove excess salts. 
D)  provide ions for cation exchange. 
E)  kill insect pests.

Question 6

Plants can synthesize all their required amino acids and vitamins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In most soils, most of the phosphorus is present in forms that are not available to the plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following statements concerning iron is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron in the soil is usually insoluble and thus unavailable to plants. 
B)  Iron ranks fourth in abundance among all elements on the surface of the Earth. 
C)  All plants use Strategy I for iron mobilization and uptake. 
D)  Phytosiderophores are iron-chelating compounds. 
E)  Iron in the soil is normally present in the oxidized (Fe3+) form. 
A)  Iron in the soil is usually insoluble and thus unavailable to plants. 
B)  Iron ranks fourth in abundance among all elements on the surface of the Earth. 
C)  All plants use Strategy I for iron mobilization and uptake. 
D)  Phytosiderophores are iron-chelating compounds. 
E)  Iron in the soil is normally present in the oxidized (Fe3+) form.

Question 9

A symbiosome consists of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterioids only. 
B)  bacterioids and the surrounding host membrane only. 
C)  bacteriods, host membrane, and curled root hair only. 
D)  bacteriods, host membrane, and nodule primordium only. 
E)  bacteriods, host membrane, cortical cells, and vascular tissues only. 
A)  bacterioids only. 
B)  bacterioids and the surrounding host membrane only. 
C)  bacteriods, host membrane, and curled root hair only. 
D)  bacteriods, host membrane, and nodule primordium only. 
E)  bacteriods, host membrane, cortical cells, and vascular tissues only.

Question 10

______ is the most common metal in soils and causes problems where the soil is acidic.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lead 
B)  Cadmium 
C)  Zinc 
D)  Cobalt 
E)  Aluminum 
A)  Lead 
B)  Cadmium 
C)  Zinc 
D)  Cobalt 
E)  Aluminum

Question 11

The permanent wilting percentage is the percentage of:

Accepted Answer

A)  colloidal particles remaining in the soil after a heavy rain. 
B)  colloidal particles that would cause irreversible wilting. 
C)  colloidal particles that would cause reversible wilting. 
D)  water remaining in a soil when irreversible wilting occurs. 
E)  water remaining in a soil when reversible wilting occurs. 
A)  colloidal particles remaining in the soil after a heavy rain. 
B)  colloidal particles that would cause irreversible wilting. 
C)  colloidal particles that would cause reversible wilting. 
D)  water remaining in a soil when irreversible wilting occurs. 
E)  water remaining in a soil when reversible wilting occurs.

Question 12

A beneficial element is one that is essential for limited groups of plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an essential element?

Accepted Answer

A)  molybdenum 
B)  copper 
C)  iron 
D)  aluminum 
E)  chlorine 
A)  molybdenum 
B)  copper 
C)  iron 
D)  aluminum 
E)  chlorine

Question 14

Cluster roots are usually found in plants that usually form mycorrhizae.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements about nutrient cycles is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are also called biogeochemical cycles. 
B)  All nutrients recycled to the soil are available for plant use. 
C)  Some cycles involve the atmosphere. 
D)  Each element has a different cycle. 
E)  Macronutrients and micronutrients are recycled. 
A)  They are also called biogeochemical cycles. 
B)  All nutrients recycled to the soil are available for plant use. 
C)  Some cycles involve the atmosphere. 
D)  Each element has a different cycle. 
E)  Macronutrients and micronutrients are recycled.

Question 16

The C horizon of soil is also called the subsoil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Leghemoglobin acts as an oxygen carrier.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The ______ symbiosis is an example of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis that continues throughout the life cycle of the host.

Accepted Answer

A)  legume-Rhizobium 
B)  legume-Bradyrhizobium 
C)  Azolla-Anabaena 
D)  Alnus-actinomycete 
E)  Ceanothus-actinomycete 
A)  legume-Rhizobium 
B)  legume-Bradyrhizobium 
C)  Azolla-Anabaena 
D)  Alnus-actinomycete 
E)  Ceanothus-actinomycete

Question 19

Nickel is an essential element for plant growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In most herbaceous plants grown in nitrate-rich soil, the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway occurs in:

Accepted Answer

A)  leaf vacuoles. 
B)  leaf mitochondria. 
C)  leaf chloroplasts. 
D)  root mitochondria. 
E)  root plastids. 
A)  leaf vacuoles. 
B)  leaf mitochondria. 
C)  leaf chloroplasts. 
D)  root mitochondria. 
E)  root plastids.

Exam 29: Plant Nutrition and Soils

Humus consists mostly of:

Legumes grown in culture benefit from the addition of cobalt because the cobalt:

Which of the following is NOT a way in which nitrogen is lost from an ecosystem?

A determinate nodule has a persistent meristem.

Lime is added to soils in order to:

Plants can synthesize all their required amino acids and vitamins.

In most soils, most of the phosphorus is present in forms that are not available to the plant.

Which of the following statements concerning iron is FALSE?

A symbiosome consists of:

______ is the most common metal in soils and causes problems where the soil is acidic.

The permanent wilting percentage is the percentage of:

A beneficial element is one that is essential for limited groups of plants.

Which of the following is NOT an essential element?

Cluster roots are usually found in plants that usually form mycorrhizae.

Which of the following statements about nutrient cycles is FALSE?

The C horizon of soil is also called the subsoil.

Leghemoglobin acts as an oxygen carrier.

The ______ symbiosis is an example of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis that continues throughout the life cycle of the host.

Nickel is an essential element for plant growth.

In most herbaceous plants grown in nitrate-rich soil, the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway occurs in:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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