Question 1

The number of leprosy cases in the United States is gradually increasing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because

Accepted Answer

A)  ticks are encountered while hiking in the woods. 
B)  people encounter more bats during warm summer evenings. 
C)  pathogens are present in swimming pools and lakes. 
D)  ameba populations increase in swimming pools. 
E)  mosquito populations increase. 
A)  ticks are encountered while hiking in the woods. 
B)  people encounter more bats during warm summer evenings. 
C)  pathogens are present in swimming pools and lakes. 
D)  ameba populations increase in swimming pools. 
E)  mosquito populations increase.

Question 4

Initial treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is

Accepted Answer

A)  penicillin. 
B)  tetanus immune globulin. 
C)  none; no action is necessary. 
D)  tetanus toxoid. 
E)  debridement. 
A)  penicillin. 
B)  tetanus immune globulin. 
C)  none; no action is necessary. 
D)  tetanus toxoid. 
E)  debridement.

Question 5

All of the following diseases are caused by arbovirus EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). 
B)  West Nile encephalitis. 
C)  eastern equine encephalitis. 
D)  St. Louis encephalitis. 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these diseases are caused by arbovirus. 
A)  primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). 
B)  West Nile encephalitis. 
C)  eastern equine encephalitis. 
D)  St. Louis encephalitis. 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these diseases are caused by arbovirus.

Question 6

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cryptococcus neoformans  acid-fast rod 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae  virulence due to capsule 
C)  Neisseria meningitidis  produces deadly endotoxins 
D)  Mycobacterium leprae  cultured in armadillos 
E)  Naegleria fowleri  causes amoebic encephalitis 
A)  Cryptococcus neoformans  acid-fast rod 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae  virulence due to capsule 
C)  Neisseria meningitidis  produces deadly endotoxins 
D)  Mycobacterium leprae  cultured in armadillos 
E)  Naegleria fowleri  causes amoebic encephalitis

Question 7

A physician diagnoses a patient with lepromatous Hansenʹs disease. All of the following pertain to the patient EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  treatment will include injections of penicillin. 
B)  a skin biopsy will be taken to aid diagnosis. 
C)  the disease has progressed from the tuberculoid stage. 
D)  disfiguring nodules form all over the body. 
E)  infection probably occurred as a result of prolonged contact with another infected individual. 
A)  treatment will include injections of penicillin. 
B)  a skin biopsy will be taken to aid diagnosis. 
C)  the disease has progressed from the tuberculoid stage. 
D)  disfiguring nodules form all over the body. 
E)  infection probably occurred as a result of prolonged contact with another infected individual.

Question 8

All of the following are true of poliomyelitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the oral polio vaccine contains attenuated strains of the virus. 
B)  most cases result in muscle paralysis. 
C)  initial sites of viral replication are the throat and small intestine. 
D)  infection is due to ingestion of contaminated water. 
E)  the majority of cases are asymptomatic. 
A)  the oral polio vaccine contains attenuated strains of the virus. 
B)  most cases result in muscle paralysis. 
C)  initial sites of viral replication are the throat and small intestine. 
D)  infection is due to ingestion of contaminated water. 
E)  the majority of cases are asymptomatic.

Question 9

There is an antitoxin for botulism. Why, then, is the outcome of botulism often fatal?

Accepted Answer

Botulism is a serious and potentially fa

Question 10

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
B)  Cryptococcus neoformans. 
C)  Mycobacterium leprae. 
D)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
A)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
B)  Cryptococcus neoformans. 
C)  Mycobacterium leprae. 
D)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis.

Question 11

The most effective control of mosquito-borne disease is

Accepted Answer

A)  treatment of infected humans. 
B)  treatment of uninfected humans. 
C)  elimination of the mosquito population. 
D)  treatment of infected wild animals. 
E)  avoidance of endemic areas. 
A)  treatment of infected humans. 
B)  treatment of uninfected humans. 
C)  elimination of the mosquito population. 
D)  treatment of infected wild animals. 
E)  avoidance of endemic areas.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A healthy carrier state can exist. 
B)  It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. 
C)  It is a gram-positive anaerobe. 
D)  Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash. 
E)  It is encapsulated. 
A)  A healthy carrier state can exist. 
B)  It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. 
C)  It is a gram-positive anaerobe. 
D)  Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash. 
E)  It is encapsulated.

Question 13

Vaccination is available for all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  rabies. 
B)  tetanus. 
C)  botulism. 
D)  Neisseria meningitis. 
E)  Haemophilus meningitis. 
A)  rabies. 
B)  tetanus. 
C)  botulism. 
D)  Neisseria meningitis. 
E)  Haemophilus meningitis.

Question 14

A pathologist detects Negri bodies while examining a brain section taken at autopsy. What was the cause of death?

Accepted Answer

A)  rabies 
B)  eastern equine encephalitis 
C)  poliomyelitis 
D)  Hansenʹs disease 
E)  meningococcal meningitis 
A)  rabies 
B)  eastern equine encephalitis 
C)  poliomyelitis 
D)  Hansenʹs disease 
E)  meningococcal meningitis

Question 15

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection. 
B)  Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. 
C)  It is caused by Lyssavirus. 
D)  Most infections in the U.S. are the result of bites from infected dogs. 
E)  Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques. 
A)  Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection. 
B)  Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. 
C)  It is caused by Lyssavirus. 
D)  Most infections in the U.S. are the result of bites from infected dogs. 
E)  Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques.

Question 16

An eight-year-old girl in rural Wisconsin has chills, headache, and fever and reports having been bitten by mosquitoes. How would you confirm your diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid 
B)  brain biopsy for Negri bodies 
C)  ELISA test for IgM antibodies 
D)  complement fixation test for IgG antibodies 
E)  examination of local mosquitoes 
A)  Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid 
B)  brain biopsy for Negri bodies 
C)  ELISA test for IgM antibodies 
D)  complement fixation test for IgG antibodies 
E)  examination of local mosquitoes

Question 17

All of the following microorganisms can directly cause meningitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  mosquitoes. 
D)  protozoa. 
E)  fungi. 
A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  mosquitoes. 
D)  protozoa. 
E)  fungi.

Question 18

On June 30, a 47-year-old man was hospitalized with dizziness, blurred vision, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and nausea. Examination revealed facial paralysis. He reported eating home-canned green beans and stew containing roast beef and potatoes 24 hours before onset of symptoms. The patient should be treated with

Accepted Answer

A)  vaccination. 
B)  surgery. 
C)  toxin. 
D)  supportive care, including respiratory assistance. 
E)  antibiotics. 
A)  vaccination. 
B)  surgery. 
C)  toxin. 
D)  supportive care, including respiratory assistance. 
E)  antibiotics.

Exam 22: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

The number of leprosy cases in the United States is gradually increasing.

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Encephalitis is more common in the summer months because

Initial treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person with a puncture wound is

All of the following diseases are caused by arbovirus EXCEPT

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A physician diagnoses a patient with lepromatous Hansenʹs disease. All of the following pertain to the patient EXCEPT

All of the following are true of poliomyelitis EXCEPT

There is an antitoxin for botulism. Why, then, is the outcome of botulism often fatal?

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT

The most effective control of mosquito-borne disease is

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Vaccination is available for all the following EXCEPT

A pathologist detects Negri bodies while examining a brain section taken at autopsy. What was the cause of death?

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE?

An eight-year-old girl in rural Wisconsin has chills, headache, and fever and reports having been bitten by mosquitoes. How would you confirm your diagnosis of arboviral encephalitis?

All of the following microorganisms can directly cause meningitis EXCEPT

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Dna Technology

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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