Exam 14: Catabolism of Organic Compounds

The direct synthesis of NADPH uses the_________ pathway.

The two types of methanogenic coenzymes are_________ and_________ .

Explain how denitrification contributes to the formation of acid rain.

_________is the process involving the addition of an inorganic phosphate, which results in the formation of a hexose phosphate rather than free hexose.

Explain how arsenic contamination of well water in Bangladesh is related to anaerobic respiration by bacteria, and distinguish arsenate from arsenite.

Despite being unable to conserve energy from the main reactions in glycolysis, Pyrococcus furiosus actually synthesizes more ATP from glucose than many other glucose fermenters.

Hydrogenase plays a role in sulfate reduction only if the organism is growing on an organic compound.

The differences observed in the fermentation patterns of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria are due to the presence or absence of the enzyme lactase.

N₂O can be abiotically converted to NO by sunlight.

Sulfate is chemically quite stable and cannot be reduced without first being activated to_________.

Acetyl- CoA is an energy- rich compound because after it is converted to acetylphosphate_________can be synthesized.

A key enzyme of the acetyl- CoA pathway is _________.

Energy conservation in methanogenesis is linked to the_________ .

What is the difference between an aliphatic hydrocarbon and an aromatic hydrocarbon? Provide a chemical example of each.

In a number of fermentations, electron balance is maintained by the production of_________.

Mixed acid fermenters are capable of using several different acids as substrate to yield one fermentation product.

The concentrations of reactants and products in a reaction do not affect the energetics of the reaction.

Energy conservation in acetogenesis uses

Fatty acids can serve as electron donors, because they are already reduced.

Microbes that can dissimilate sulfur can also assimilate it, but not all that assimilate sulfur can fully dissimilate it.