Question 1

While rhizobia usually associate with plant roots, nodules can also be formed along the stems of leguminous plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Fungal cells that form an extensive sheath around the outside of the root but only make slight penetrations into the root tissue are called _________, while those that are deeply embedded into root tissue are called_________ .

Accepted Answer

ectomycorrhizae / endomycorrhizae

Question 3

In a consortium, green sulfur bacteria that surround and attach to a flagellated bacterium are called

Accepted Answer

A)  exobionts. 
B)  saprophytes. 
C)  epiphytes. 
D)  holobionts. 
A)  exobionts. 
B)  saprophytes. 
C)  epiphytes. 
D)  holobionts. C

Question 4

Leeches such as Hirudo verbana are capable of consuming five times the amount of blood than its own bodyweight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The most heavily colonized human organ by bacteria is the _________, containing 1011
-1012 bacterial cells per g.

Accepted Answer

Question 6

What is the significance in studying host switching of symbionts with concern of global climate change?

Accepted Answer

Global climate change will likely impair

Question 7

The reproductive systems of many insects can be manipulated by parasitic symbionts, which are passed down to each generation and can skew the sex ratio of their progeny.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Provide a biochemical explanation of why a cow might eructate (belch).

Accepted Answer

Gases such as CH₄and CO₂are products of gl

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of human gut microbes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They produce and excrete amino acids. 
B)  The population size is low, but diversity is high. 
C)  They help catabolize polysaccharides. 
D)  They are involved in the "maturing" of the gastrointestinal tract. 
A)  They produce and excrete amino acids. 
B)  The population size is low, but diversity is high. 
C)  They help catabolize polysaccharides. 
D)  They are involved in the "maturing" of the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 10

Which compounds serve as major sources of energy in rumens?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetic, butyric, and propionic acids 
B)  glucose and sucrose 
C)  dimethylsulfoniopropionate , gluconate, and protocatechuate 
D)  acetic acid and glucose 
A)  acetic, butyric, and propionic acids 
B)  glucose and sucrose 
C)  dimethylsulfoniopropionate , gluconate, and protocatechuate 
D)  acetic acid and glucose

Question 11

Bacterial cells themselves serve as major sources of protein and vitamins in hindgut fermenting animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

An individual tree can maintain a symbiotic relationship with many different species of mycorrhizae simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Due to the close interactions with other organisms, microbial symbionts generally have larger genome sizes compared to other non- symbiotic bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Explain how leeches are used today in medical replants and transplants.

Accepted Answer

Leeches produce anticoagulants and vasod

Question 15

Explain the role of the Ti plasmid in causing crown gall disease in plants.

Accepted Answer

Part of the Ti plasmid is integrated int

Question 16

Which bacterial genus can sterilize male insect sperm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wolbachia 
B)  Allivibrio 
C)  Symbiodinium 
D)  Buchnera 
A)  Wolbachia 
B)  Allivibrio 
C)  Symbiodinium 
D)  Buchnera

Question 17

Describe the mutualistic relationship between chemolithotrophic bacteria and tube worms in hydrothermal vents.

Accepted Answer

The tube worm contains high CO₂in its blo

Question 18

How do arbuscular mycorrhizae colonize roots?

Accepted Answer

Mycorrhizal fungi produce spores, and wh

Question 19

Aphids that feed on carbohydrate rich but nutrient poor foods obtain many________ from Buchnera.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aphids that feed on carbohydrate rich but...

Question 20

Where are ectomycorrhizae most commonly found?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical forests 
B)  forests with especially low nutrients 
C)  boreal and temperate forests 
D)  all of the above 
A)  tropical forests 
B)  forests with especially low nutrients 
C)  boreal and temperate forests 
D)  all of the above

Exam 25: Microbial Symbioses

While rhizobia usually associate with plant roots, nodules can also be formed along the stems of leguminous plants.

Fungal cells that form an extensive sheath around the outside of the root but only make slight penetrations into the root tissue are called _________, while those that are deeply embedded into root tissue are called_________ .

In a consortium, green sulfur bacteria that surround and attach to a flagellated bacterium are called

Leeches such as Hirudo verbana are capable of consuming five times the amount of blood than its own bodyweight.

The most heavily colonized human organ by bacteria is the _________, containing 1011 -1012 bacterial cells per g.

What is the significance in studying host switching of symbionts with concern of global climate change?

The reproductive systems of many insects can be manipulated by parasitic symbionts, which are passed down to each generation and can skew the sex ratio of their progeny.

Provide a biochemical explanation of why a cow might eructate (belch).

Which of the following is NOT true of human gut microbes?

Which compounds serve as major sources of energy in rumens?

Bacterial cells themselves serve as major sources of protein and vitamins in hindgut fermenting animals.

An individual tree can maintain a symbiotic relationship with many different species of mycorrhizae simultaneously.

Due to the close interactions with other organisms, microbial symbionts generally have larger genome sizes compared to other non- symbiotic bacteria.

Explain how leeches are used today in medical replants and transplants.

Explain the role of the Ti plasmid in causing crown gall disease in plants.

Which bacterial genus can sterilize male insect sperm?

Describe the mutualistic relationship between chemolithotrophic bacteria and tube worms in hydrothermal vents.

How do arbuscular mycorrhizae colonize roots?

Aphids that feed on carbohydrate rich but nutrient poor foods obtain many________ from Buchnera.

Where are ectomycorrhizae most commonly found?

Microorganisms and Microbiology

A Brief Journey to the Microbial World

Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

Nutrition, Culture, and Metabolism of Microorganisms

Microbial Growth

Molecular Biology of Bacteria

Archael and Eukaryotic Molecular Biology

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses and Virology

Genetics of Bacteria and Arachaea

Genetic Engineering

Microbial Genomics

Phototrophy, Chemolithotrophy, and Major Biosyntheses

Catabolism of Organic Compounds

Commercial Products and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Bacteria: the Proteobacteria

Other Bacteria

Archaea

Eukaryotic Cell Biology and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Viral Diversity

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity

Nutrient Cycles, Biodegradation, and Bioremediation

Microbial Growth Control

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Microbial Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Microbial Pathogens

Wastewater Treatment, Water Purification, and Waterborne Microbial Diseases

Food Preservation and Foodborne Microbial Diseases

Filters

Fungal cells that form an extensive sheath around the outside of the root but only make slight penetrations into the root tissue are called _, while those that are deeply embedded into root tissue are called_ .

The most heavily colonized human organ by bacteria is the _________, containing 1011 -10¹²bacterial cells per g.