Question 1

During which step of aerobic respiration is oxygen used?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) fermentation 
C) Krebs cycle 
D) conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA 
E) electron transport system 
A) glycolysis 
B) fermentation 
C) Krebs cycle 
D) conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA 
E) electron transport system

Question 2

Where does the synthesis of pyruvate occur during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) inner membrane 
B) ribosomes 
C) mitochondrial matrix 
D) intermembrane compartment 
E) fluid portion of the cytoplasm 
A) inner membrane 
B) ribosomes 
C) mitochondrial matrix 
D) intermembrane compartment 
E) fluid portion of the cytoplasm

Question 3

If glucose is metabolized under completely anaerobic conditions, then pyruvate:

Accepted Answer

A) immediately enters the Krebs cycle. 
B) is converted by fermentation to CO2 and ethanol or to lactate. 
C) is converted back to fructose until the concentration of oxygen increases. 
D) leaves the fluid portion of the cytoplasm and enters the mitochondrial matrix. 
E) is converted to NADH. 
A) immediately enters the Krebs cycle. 
B) is converted by fermentation to CO2 and ethanol or to lactate. 
C) is converted back to fructose until the concentration of oxygen increases. 
D) leaves the fluid portion of the cytoplasm and enters the mitochondrial matrix. 
E) is converted to NADH.

Question 4

What molecule is common to both C3 photosynthesis and the process of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) G3P 
C) acetyl CoA 
D) fructose 
E) NADPH 
A) pyruvate 
B) G3P 
C) acetyl CoA 
D) fructose 
E) NADPH

Question 5

Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration because oxygen:

Accepted Answer

A) combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form water. 
B) combines with carbon to form carbon dioxide. 
C) combines with carbon dioxide and water to form glucose. 
D) reduces glucose to form carbon dioxide and water. 
E) combines with electrons to form CO2. 
A) combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form water. 
B) combines with carbon to form carbon dioxide. 
C) combines with carbon dioxide and water to form glucose. 
D) reduces glucose to form carbon dioxide and water. 
E) combines with electrons to form CO2.

Question 6

________ is a series of reactions, occurring under aerobic conditions, in which large amounts of ATP are produced.

Accepted Answer

Cellular r

Question 7

During cellular respiration, the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is:

Accepted Answer

A) transported out of the mitochondria. 
B) broken down to O2 and hydrogen. 
C) the source of electrons for NADH and FADH2. 
D) converted to lactate or ethanol. 
A) transported out of the mitochondria. 
B) broken down to O2 and hydrogen. 
C) the source of electrons for NADH and FADH2. 
D) converted to lactate or ethanol.

Question 8

In the cell, more than half of the energy produced by the metabolic breakdown of glucose is released as ________ and the remaining energy is stored in ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the cell, more than half of...

Question 9

How does a lack of oxygen affect energy availability in animals?

Accepted Answer

Low oxygen levels result in li

Question 10

Which of the following statements is TRUE of glycolysis when followed by fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A) It produces a net gain of ATP. 
B) It produces a net gain of NADPH. 
C) It is an aerobic process. 
D) It can be performed only by bacteria. 
E) It produces more ATP than aerobic respiration. 
A) It produces a net gain of ATP. 
B) It produces a net gain of NADPH. 
C) It is an aerobic process. 
D) It can be performed only by bacteria. 
E) It produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.

Question 11

In the mitochondrial matrix reactions, the original carbons in pyruvate:

Accepted Answer

A) form the backbone chain of citric acid. 
B) form the ring structure of oxaloacetic acid. 
C) are incorporated into molecules of NADH and FADH2. 
D) end up in molecules of CO2. 
E) form glucose. 
A) form the backbone chain of citric acid. 
B) form the ring structure of oxaloacetic acid. 
C) are incorporated into molecules of NADH and FADH2. 
D) end up in molecules of CO2. 
E) form glucose.

Question 12

In cells, ________ of the chemical energy in a metabolized glucose molecule is used for ATP production and the rest is released as heat.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1% 
B) 25% 
C) 40% 
D) more than 90% 
A) less than 1% 
B) 25% 
C) 40% 
D) more than 90%

Question 13

The organelles responsible for the bulk of ATP production via cellular respiration are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The organelles responsible for the bulk of...

Question 14

The part of a mitochondrion that structurally compares to the stroma of a chloroplast is the:

Accepted Answer

A) grana. 
B) matrix. 
C) thylakoids. 
D) inner membrane. 
E) outer membrane. 
A) grana. 
B) matrix. 
C) thylakoids. 
D) inner membrane. 
E) outer membrane.

Question 15

Some of the CO2 that is exhaled during breathing is created during:

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) the conversion of NADH to NAD+ in the Krebs cycle. 
C) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. 
D) chemiosmosis. 
E) fermentation. 
A) glycolysis. 
B) the conversion of NADH to NAD+ in the Krebs cycle. 
C) the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. 
D) chemiosmosis. 
E) fermentation.

Question 16

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) four 
C) 34 
D) 36 
E) 38 
A) two 
B) four 
C) 34 
D) 36 
E) 38

Question 17

Which of the following most closely matches the correct order of the main events of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion, Krebs cycle, major ATP production, ETC 
B) glycolysis, major ATP production, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion, ETC, Krebs cycle 
C) glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETC, major ATP production 
D) Krebs cycle, ETC, major ATP production, glycolysis 
E) major ATP production, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion, Krebs cycle, ETC 
A) glycolysis, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion, Krebs cycle, major ATP production, ETC 
B) glycolysis, major ATP production, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion, ETC, Krebs cycle 
C) glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETC, major ATP production 
D) Krebs cycle, ETC, major ATP production, glycolysis 
E) major ATP production, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion, Krebs cycle, ETC

Question 18

In the 1940s, some physicians prescribed low doses of a drug called dinitrophenol (DNP)to help patients lose weight. This unsafe drug was quickly abandoned after a few patients died. DNP affects cells by uncoupling the chemiosmotic machinery and making the inner mitochondrial membrane "leaky" to hydrogen ions.
Explain how DNP caused weight loss and, ultimately, death in these dieters.

Accepted Answer

No hydrogen ion gradient could be establ

Question 19

Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle reactions occur in the mitochondria. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

After fermentation, lactate is converted to pyruvate in the:

Accepted Answer

A) bloodstream. 
B) liver. 
C) muscles. 
D) heart. 
E) lungs. 
A) bloodstream. 
B) liver. 
C) muscles. 
D) heart. 
E) lungs.

Exam 8: Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

During which step of aerobic respiration is oxygen used?

Where does the synthesis of pyruvate occur during glycolysis?

If glucose is metabolized under completely anaerobic conditions, then pyruvate:

What molecule is common to both C3 photosynthesis and the process of glycolysis?

Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration because oxygen:

________ is a series of reactions, occurring under aerobic conditions, in which large amounts of ATP are produced.

During cellular respiration, the pyruvate produced in glycolysis is:

In the cell, more than half of the energy produced by the metabolic breakdown of glucose is released as ________ and the remaining energy is stored in ________.

How does a lack of oxygen affect energy availability in animals?

Which of the following statements is TRUE of glycolysis when followed by fermentation?

In the mitochondrial matrix reactions, the original carbons in pyruvate:

In cells, ________ of the chemical energy in a metabolized glucose molecule is used for ATP production and the rest is released as heat.

The organelles responsible for the bulk of ATP production via cellular respiration are the ________.

The part of a mitochondrion that structurally compares to the stroma of a chloroplast is the:

Some of the CO2 that is exhaled during breathing is created during:

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule?

Which of the following most closely matches the correct order of the main events of cellular respiration?

Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle reactions occur in the mitochondria. True or False?

After fermentation, lactate is converted to pyruvate in the:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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In the cell, more than half of the energy produced by the metabolic breakdown of glucose is released as and the remaining energy is stored in .