Question 1

The embryo sac of angiosperms consists of eight diploid cells and one haploid egg cell. True or False?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

All of these flower structures are modified leaves EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) petals. 
B) carpels. 
C) sepals. 
D) stamens. 
E) megaspores. 
A) petals. 
B) carpels. 
C) sepals. 
D) stamens. 
E) megaspores.

Question 3

During a late summer walk through a park, you notice a tree that has remnants of many flowers but no fruit or seed developing. There are no other trees like this one in the area. What could explain this occurrence?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a male tree (contains only male flowers)and so does not form fruit. 
B) It is a female tree, and there are no known male trees of the same species in the area. 
C) It is actually a gymnosperm, not an angiosperm. 
D) It is a species that reproduces only by runners, not via fruits (or the seeds they contain). 
A) It is a male tree (contains only male flowers)and so does not form fruit. 
B) It is a female tree, and there are no known male trees of the same species in the area. 
C) It is actually a gymnosperm, not an angiosperm. 
D) It is a species that reproduces only by runners, not via fruits (or the seeds they contain).

Question 4

The first leaves produced by an embryo while still inside the seed are:

Accepted Answer

A) cotyledons. 
B) endosperms. 
C) embryo sacs. 
D) coleoptiles. 
E) epicotyls. 
A) cotyledons. 
B) endosperms. 
C) embryo sacs. 
D) coleoptiles. 
E) epicotyls.

Question 5

Meiosis produces a ________, which eventually gives rise to an egg in an unfertilized seed.

Accepted Answer

A) microspore 
B) pollen tube 
C) sporophyte 
D) megaspore 
E) sepal 
A) microspore 
B) pollen tube 
C) sporophyte 
D) megaspore 
E) sepal

Question 6

The female reproductive structure, the carpel, consists of:

Accepted Answer

A) filament, anther, and pollen. 
B) sepals, petals, and ovary. 
C) stigma, style, and ovary. 
D) stamen, sepals, and filament. 
E) stigma, filament, and sepals. 
A) filament, anther, and pollen. 
B) sepals, petals, and ovary. 
C) stigma, style, and ovary. 
D) stamen, sepals, and filament. 
E) stigma, filament, and sepals.

Question 7

In general, plant evolution has moved from ________ to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) nonseed; seed 
B) seed; nonseed 
C) fruit; nonseed 
D) no fruit; no spores 
E) diploid; haploid life cycle 
A) nonseed; seed 
B) seed; nonseed 
C) fruit; nonseed 
D) no fruit; no spores 
E) diploid; haploid life cycle

Question 8

All of the following are processes that occur during angiosperm reproduction EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) the microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid microspores. 
B) the megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores. 
C) the generative cell forms two sperm cells via mitosis. 
D) one megaspore degenerates, and the other three divide once to produce the six-celled embryo sac. 
E) the tube cell produces the pollen tube. 
A) the microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid microspores. 
B) the megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores. 
C) the generative cell forms two sperm cells via mitosis. 
D) one megaspore degenerates, and the other three divide once to produce the six-celled embryo sac. 
E) the tube cell produces the pollen tube.

Question 9

A fruit is a mature:

Accepted Answer

A) integument. 
B) embryo. 
C) endosperm. 
D) ovary. 
E) cotyledon. 
A) integument. 
B) embryo. 
C) endosperm. 
D) ovary. 
E) cotyledon.

Question 10

You have some freshly produced seeds that refuse to germinate when placed in moist soil. What can you do to encourage the seeds to germinate?

Accepted Answer

A) Boil them. 
B) Freeze and then thaw them. 
C) Put them in the dark. 
D) Treat them with abscisic acid. 
E) Put them in sunlight. 
A) Boil them. 
B) Freeze and then thaw them. 
C) Put them in the dark. 
D) Treat them with abscisic acid. 
E) Put them in sunlight.

Question 11

In north-central Florida, the cars, homes, streets, and ponds are covered with an impressive coating of bright yellow dust every spring. Upon closer, microscopic examination, the yellow "dust" turns out to be pollen grains. This area of Florida has pine trees, showy daytime-flowering plants, and often-unnoticed nighttime-flowering plants releasing pollen at the same time of year. Based on this information, which group of plants do you think is responsible for the yellow pollen? Why?

Accepted Answer

A) The pines; because conifers are pollinated by wind and must produce enormous amounts of pollen in order to ensure that some of it reaches the female cones. 
B) The daytime-flowering plants; because they are more likely to be pollinated by birds if they produce lots of pollen for the birds to eat. 
C) The nighttime-flowering plants; because they are more likely to be pollinated by bats and moths if they produce lots of pollen for them to eat. 
A) The pines; because conifers are pollinated by wind and must produce enormous amounts of pollen in order to ensure that some of it reaches the female cones. 
B) The daytime-flowering plants; because they are more likely to be pollinated by birds if they produce lots of pollen for the birds to eat. 
C) The nighttime-flowering plants; because they are more likely to be pollinated by bats and moths if they produce lots of pollen for them to eat.

Question 12

Based on this figure, the ________ must have contained two nuclei before fertilization.

Accepted Answer

A) central cell 
B) integument cell 
C) zygote 
D) embryo 
A) central cell 
B) integument cell 
C) zygote 
D) embryo

Question 13

Commercials on TV use food and sex as their most effective selling points. Explain how flowers use the same two points to "sell" their pollen to animals.

Accepted Answer

Plants have flowers that conta

Question 14

An incomplete flower:

Accepted Answer

A) lacks one or more of the four basic floral parts. 
B) remains in the bud stage and does not bloom. 
C) produces sterile seeds. 
D) manufactures infertile pollen. 
E) is incapable of self-fertilization. 
A) lacks one or more of the four basic floral parts. 
B) remains in the bud stage and does not bloom. 
C) produces sterile seeds. 
D) manufactures infertile pollen. 
E) is incapable of self-fertilization.

Question 15

________ are modified leaves that are often brightly colored and fragrant.

Accepted Answer

A) Filaments 
B) Anthers 
C) Petals 
D) Stigma 
E) Sepals 
A) Filaments 
B) Anthers 
C) Petals 
D) Stigma 
E) Sepals

Question 16

An oak tree is a:

Accepted Answer

A) sporophyte. 
B) gametophyte. 
C) gamete. 
D) spore. 
E) zygote. 
A) sporophyte. 
B) gametophyte. 
C) gamete. 
D) spore. 
E) zygote.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) When mature, the carpel will become the seed and the anther will become the fruit. 
B) When mature, the ovules will become seeds and the ovary will develop into a fruit. 
C) When mature, the stamen will become the seed and the stigma will become the fruit. 
D) The filament and anther enclose the stigma and style. 
E) The style, which is vase-shaped, contains the ovary, stigma, and anther. 
A) When mature, the carpel will become the seed and the anther will become the fruit. 
B) When mature, the ovules will become seeds and the ovary will develop into a fruit. 
C) When mature, the stamen will become the seed and the stigma will become the fruit. 
D) The filament and anther enclose the stigma and style. 
E) The style, which is vase-shaped, contains the ovary, stigma, and anther.

Question 18

In many dicots, the first pair of leaves that emerge from the soil after seed germination are completely unlike all the rest of the leaves that form on that plant. In such plants, these leaves are:

Accepted Answer

A) derived from the root, not the shoot. 
B) cotyledons, which have elongated and turned green. 
C) made from the opening and greening of the coleoptile. 
D) made from the epicotyl hook. 
E) formed from the endosperm. 
A) derived from the root, not the shoot. 
B) cotyledons, which have elongated and turned green. 
C) made from the opening and greening of the coleoptile. 
D) made from the epicotyl hook. 
E) formed from the endosperm.

Question 19

The aptly named dead horse arum has a heat-producing flower. What advantage does this heat provide?

Accepted Answer

A) It enables blooms to emerge through snow. 
B) It warms the pollinators, which are usually bats. 
C) It creates a barrier to invasive plant species. 
D) It increases the evaporation of the scent, attracting pollinators from greater distances. 
E) It prevents inefficient pollinators from collecting pollen. 
A) It enables blooms to emerge through snow. 
B) It warms the pollinators, which are usually bats. 
C) It creates a barrier to invasive plant species. 
D) It increases the evaporation of the scent, attracting pollinators from greater distances. 
E) It prevents inefficient pollinators from collecting pollen.

Question 20

In monocots, the shoot tip is protected by:

Accepted Answer

A) a slime layer formed by the shoot cells. 
B) cotyledons. 
C) the hypocotyl. 
D) the coleoptile. 
E) the epicotyl. 
A) a slime layer formed by the shoot cells. 
B) cotyledons. 
C) the hypocotyl. 
D) the coleoptile. 
E) the epicotyl.

Exam 44: Plant Reproduction and Development

The embryo sac of angiosperms consists of eight diploid cells and one haploid egg cell. True or False?

All of these flower structures are modified leaves EXCEPT:

During a late summer walk through a park, you notice a tree that has remnants of many flowers but no fruit or seed developing. There are no other trees like this one in the area. What could explain this occurrence?

The first leaves produced by an embryo while still inside the seed are:

Meiosis produces a ________, which eventually gives rise to an egg in an unfertilized seed.

The female reproductive structure, the carpel, consists of:

In general, plant evolution has moved from ________ to ________.

All of the following are processes that occur during angiosperm reproduction EXCEPT:

A fruit is a mature:

You have some freshly produced seeds that refuse to germinate when placed in moist soil. What can you do to encourage the seeds to germinate?

Based on this figure, the ________ must have contained two nuclei before fertilization.

Commercials on TV use food and sex as their most effective selling points. Explain how flowers use the same two points to "sell" their pollen to animals.

An incomplete flower:

________ are modified leaves that are often brightly colored and fragrant.

An oak tree is a:

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

In many dicots, the first pair of leaves that emerge from the soil after seed germination are completely unlike all the rest of the leaves that form on that plant. In such plants, these leaves are:

The aptly named dead horse arum has a heat-producing flower. What advantage does this heat provide?

In monocots, the shoot tip is protected by:

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

The Continuity of Life: Cellular Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amidst Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

How Do Ecosystems Work

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

In general, plant evolution has moved from to .