Exam 13: The Respiratory System

Match the buffer systems, labelled a. through d., with their correct characteristic. a.haemoglobin buffer system b.phosphate buffer system c.protein buffer system d.H₂CO₃:HCO₃^- buffer system -primary ECF buffer for noncarbonic acids

The ____________________ are the group of molecules that are the most plentiful buffers in the body.

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.respiratory acidosis b.respiratory alkalosis c.metabolic acidosis d.metabolic alkalosis -pneumonia

Match the buffer systems, labelled a. through d., with their correct characteristic. a.haemoglobin buffer system b.phosphate buffer system c.protein buffer system d.H₂CO₃:HCO₃^- buffer system -buffers H⁺ generated from carbonic acid

Bicarbonate ions that enter the plasma during HCO₃^- reabsorption are not the same HCO₃^- ions that were filtered.

When the body becomes dehydrated (H₂O deficit), both urinary output and thirst increase as compensatory measures.

Match the acid-base imbalance, labelled a. through d., that might occur in each of the situations listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.respiratory acidosis b.respiratory alkalosis c.metabolic acidosis d.metabolic alkalosis -aspirin poisoning

Indicate the [CO₂] and [HCO₃^-] levels, labelled a. through i., in each of the following situations. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a. [CO₂] normal, [HCO₃^-] decreased below normal b. [CO₂] normal, [HCO₃^-] increased above normal c. [CO2] increased above normal, [HCO₃^-] normal d. [CO₂] decreased below normal,[HCO₃^-] normal e. [CO₂] decreased below normal, [HCO₃^-] decreased below normal f. [CO₂] increased above normal, [HCO₃^-] increased above normal g. [CO₂] decreased below normal, [HCO₃^-] increased above normal h. [CO₂] increased above normal, [HCO₃^-] decreased below normal i. [CO₂] normal, [HCO₃^-] normal -compensated respiratory acidosis

Match the acid-base abnormalities, labelled a. through d. with the [HCO₃^-]/[CO₂] ratios. a.uncompensated respiratory acidosis b.uncompensated metabolic acidosis c.uncompensated respiratory alkalosis d.uncompensated metabolic alkalosis -20/2

Which of these conditions would be a cause of metabolic acidosis?

What is the primary electrolyte in the extracellular fluid?

Loss of water from the lungs is one example of sensible loss.

The total load of ____________________ determines the total amount of water that will be retained in the ECF by osmosis.

Why would eating a very salty snack make you thirsty?

Carbohydrates are acidic.

Cells change in size by ____________________ when immersed in a hypertonic ECF.

Match the aspects of extracellular fluid, labelled a. and b., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.regulation of ECF volume b.regulation of ECF osmolarity -depends primarily on Na⁺ balance

Which of these actions would be triggered by a drop in arterial blood pressure?

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe interstitial fluid?

The barrier between the plasma and the interstitial fluid is the ____________________.