Question 1

The pH of venous blood is usually about ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pH of venous blood is usually...

Question 2

Which of these is NOT a potential cause of hypertonicity in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) water deprivation 
B) heavy sweating 
C)  excess vasopressin secretion 
D)  diabetes insipidus
Refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from severe pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired. 
A) water deprivation 
B) heavy sweating 
C)  excess vasopressin secretion 
D)  diabetes insipidus
Refer to the acid-base abnormality that would result from severe pneumonia in which gas exchange is impaired.

Question 3

As H+ increases, K+ secretion also increases because of the intimate relationship between H+ secretion and K+ secretion by the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.overhydration
b.dehydration
c.both overhydration and dehydration
d.neither overhydration nor dehydration
-The body fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d.,...

Question 5

H+ generated from CO2 at the tissue level is buffered in transit between the tissues and the lungs primarily by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) haemoglobin 
B) phosphate buffer system 
C)  H2CO3:HCO3- buffer system 
D)  plasma proteins 
A) haemoglobin 
B) phosphate buffer system 
C)  H2CO3:HCO3- buffer system 
D)  plasma proteins

Question 6

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.overhydration
b.dehydration
c.both overhydration and dehydration
d.neither overhydration nor dehydration
-Osmolarity of the body fluids is decreased.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d.,...

Question 7

If the [HCO3-]/[CO2] is 20/2, what is the situation?

Accepted Answer

A) uncompensated respiratory acidosis 
B) uncompensated respiratory alkalosis 
C)  uncompensated metabolic acidosis 
D)  uncompensated metabolic alkalosis 
A) uncompensated respiratory acidosis 
B) uncompensated respiratory alkalosis 
C)  uncompensated metabolic acidosis 
D)  uncompensated metabolic alkalosis

Question 8

Which of the following is normally the major source of hydrogen ions in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoric and sulphuric acids formed during metabolism of dietary proteins 
B) lactic acid production by muscles during exercise 
C)  carbonic acid generated from metabolically produced CO2 
D)  natural acids found in foods, such as citric acid 
A) phosphoric and sulphuric acids formed during metabolism of dietary proteins 
B) lactic acid production by muscles during exercise 
C)  carbonic acid generated from metabolically produced CO2 
D)  natural acids found in foods, such as citric acid

Question 9

If the tubular filtrate becomes too acidic, what is secreted by the tubular epithelial cells to buffer the secreted H+?

Accepted Answer

A) HCO3- 
B) OH- 
C)  NH3 
D)  NH4+ 
A) HCO3- 
B) OH- 
C)  NH3 
D)  NH4+

Question 10

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of these statements correctly describes osmolarity?

Accepted Answer

A) A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of H2O than an isotonic solution. 
B) When the body becomes dehydrated (H2O deficit), urinary output increases as a compensatory measure. 
C)  Vasopressin secretion is decreased when a deficit of water develops in the body. 
D)  Diabetes insipidus often leads to hypotonicity of the body fluids. 
A) A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of H2O than an isotonic solution. 
B) When the body becomes dehydrated (H2O deficit), urinary output increases as a compensatory measure. 
C)  Vasopressin secretion is decreased when a deficit of water develops in the body. 
D)  Diabetes insipidus often leads to hypotonicity of the body fluids.

Question 12

____________________ are too large to pass through the pores in the capillary and enter the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are too large to pass through...

Question 13

The quantity of any particular substance in the ECF is considered to be a readily available internal ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The quantity of any particular substance in...

Question 14

Which [HCO3-]/[CO2] ratio might exist in this condition?

Accepted Answer

A) 40/1 
B) 20/2 
C)  20/5 
D)  15/10 
A) 40/1 
B) 20/2 
C)  20/5 
D)  15/10

Question 15

Which acid-base abnormality would be present?

Accepted Answer

A) respiratory alkalosis 
B) respiratory acidosis 
C)  metabolic alkalosis 
D)  metabolic acidosis 
A) respiratory alkalosis 
B) respiratory acidosis 
C)  metabolic alkalosis 
D)  metabolic acidosis

Question 16

If the pH of body fluids is 7.3, acidosis is said to exist even though a solution with a pH of 7.30 is chemically considered to be basic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is the importance of regulating ECF osmolarity?

Accepted Answer

A) It helps maintain blood pressure. 
B) It prevents the urine from becoming too concentrated. 
C)  It prevents fluid shifts between the cells and the extracellular fluid. 
D)  It prevents spontaneous depolarization of nerve and muscle cell membranes because of shifts in Na+ balance. 
A) It helps maintain blood pressure. 
B) It prevents the urine from becoming too concentrated. 
C)  It prevents fluid shifts between the cells and the extracellular fluid. 
D)  It prevents spontaneous depolarization of nerve and muscle cell membranes because of shifts in Na+ balance.

Question 18

The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.exhibits no change
b.is increased
c.is decreased
-amount of H2O excreted

Accepted Answer

Question 19

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
a.overhydration
b.dehydration
c.both overhydration and dehydration
d.neither overhydration nor dehydration
-No fluid shift occurs between the ECF and the ICF.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d.,...

Question 20

Which of these statements does NOT pertain to a patient with lung congestion?

Accepted Answer

A) He would have higher levels of carbonic acid in the blood. 
B) He would have a slower respiratory rate. 
C)  He would be making use of chemical buffers to a greater extent. 
D)  His kidneys would likely be compensating for this condition. 
A) He would have higher levels of carbonic acid in the blood. 
B) He would have a slower respiratory rate. 
C)  He would be making use of chemical buffers to a greater extent. 
D)  His kidneys would likely be compensating for this condition.

The pH of venous blood is usually about ____________________.

Which of these is NOT a potential cause of hypertonicity in the body?

As H⁺ increases, K⁺ secretion also increases because of the intimate relationship between H⁺ secretion and K⁺ secretion by the kidneys.

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.overhydration b.dehydration c.both overhydration and dehydration d.neither overhydration nor dehydration -The body fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal.

H⁺ generated from CO₂ at the tissue level is buffered in transit between the tissues and the lungs primarily by which of the following?

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.overhydration b.dehydration c.both overhydration and dehydration d.neither overhydration nor dehydration -Osmolarity of the body fluids is decreased.

If the [HCO₃^-]/[CO₂] is 20/2, what is the situation?

Which of the following is normally the major source of hydrogen ions in the body?

If the tubular filtrate becomes too acidic, what is secreted by the tubular epithelial cells to buffer the secreted H⁺?

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.

Which of these statements correctly describes osmolarity?

____________________ are too large to pass through the pores in the capillary and enter the interstitial fluid.

The quantity of any particular substance in the ECF is considered to be a readily available internal ____________________.

Which [HCO₃^-]/[CO₂] ratio might exist in this condition?

Which acid-base abnormality would be present?

If the pH of body fluids is 7.3, acidosis is said to exist even though a solution with a pH of 7.30 is chemically considered to be basic.

What is the importance of regulating ECF osmolarity?

The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.exhibits no change b.is increased c.is decreased -amount of H₂O excreted

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.overhydration b.dehydration c.both overhydration and dehydration d.neither overhydration nor dehydration -No fluid shift occurs between the ECF and the ICF.

Which of these statements does NOT pertain to a patient with lung congestion?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

Exam 13: The Respiratory System

The pH of venous blood is usually about ____________________.

Which of these is NOT a potential cause of hypertonicity in the body?

As H+ increases, K+ secretion also increases because of the intimate relationship between H+ secretion and K+ secretion by the kidneys.

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.overhydration b.dehydration c.both overhydration and dehydration d.neither overhydration nor dehydration -The body fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal.

H+ generated from CO2 at the tissue level is buffered in transit between the tissues and the lungs primarily by which of the following?

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.overhydration b.dehydration c.both overhydration and dehydration d.neither overhydration nor dehydration -Osmolarity of the body fluids is decreased.

If the [HCO3-]/[CO2] is 20/2, what is the situation?

Which of the following is normally the major source of hydrogen ions in the body?

If the tubular filtrate becomes too acidic, what is secreted by the tubular epithelial cells to buffer the secreted H+?

The secretion of aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium.

Which of these statements correctly describes osmolarity?

____________________ are too large to pass through the pores in the capillary and enter the interstitial fluid.

The quantity of any particular substance in the ECF is considered to be a readily available internal ____________________.

Which [HCO3-]/[CO2] ratio might exist in this condition?

Which acid-base abnormality would be present?

If the pH of body fluids is 7.3, acidosis is said to exist even though a solution with a pH of 7.30 is chemically considered to be basic.

What is the importance of regulating ECF osmolarity?

The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.exhibits no change b.is increased c.is decreased -amount of H2O excreted

Match the imbalances, labelled a. through d., with the descriptions. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.overhydration b.dehydration c.both overhydration and dehydration d.neither overhydration nor dehydration -No fluid shift occurs between the ECF and the ICF.

Which of these statements does NOT pertain to a patient with lung congestion?

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acidbase Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

Filters

As H⁺ increases, K⁺ secretion also increases because of the intimate relationship between H⁺ secretion and K⁺ secretion by the kidneys.

H⁺ generated from CO₂ at the tissue level is buffered in transit between the tissues and the lungs primarily by which of the following?

If the [HCO₃^-]/[CO₂] is 20/2, what is the situation?

If the tubular filtrate becomes too acidic, what is secreted by the tubular epithelial cells to buffer the secreted H⁺?

Which [HCO₃^-]/[CO₂] ratio might exist in this condition?

The following refer to the events that occur to compensate for this fluid loss. Match the effects, labelled a. through c., with the factors listed. (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) a.exhibits no change b.is increased c.is decreased -amount of H₂O excreted