Question 1

-The figure illustrates the neuromuscular junction. What does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  presynaptic terminal 
B)  muscle fiber 
C)  neuromuscular junction 
D)  axon branch 
E)  myofibrils 
A)  presynaptic terminal 
B)  muscle fiber 
C)  neuromuscular junction 
D)  axon branch 
E)  myofibrils

Question 2

When comparing smooth and skeletal muscle cells, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smooth muscle cells have striations. 
B)  The myofilaments in smooth muscle do not form sarcomeres. 
C)  Smooth muscle cells are larger than skeletal muscle cells. 
D)  Smooth muscle has a lot of actin and myosin. 
E)  Smooth muscle cells are multinucleated. 
A)  Smooth muscle cells have striations. 
B)  The myofilaments in smooth muscle do not form sarcomeres. 
C)  Smooth muscle cells are larger than skeletal muscle cells. 
D)  Smooth muscle has a lot of actin and myosin. 
E)  Smooth muscle cells are multinucleated.

Question 3

What is smooth muscle tone?

Accepted Answer

A)  can rapidly develop action potentials 
B)  shallow invaginations of cell membrane 
C)  relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time 
D)  intracellular cytoskeleton 
E)  enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin 
A)  can rapidly develop action potentials 
B)  shallow invaginations of cell membrane 
C)  relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time 
D)  intracellular cytoskeleton 
E)  enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin

Question 4

During short periods of intense exercise, energy in muscles is primarily derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration. 
B)  anaerobic respiration. 
C)  creatine phosphate breakdown. 
D)  nuclear reactions. 
E)  both anaerobic respiration and creatine phosphate breakdown. 
A)  aerobic respiration. 
B)  anaerobic respiration. 
C)  creatine phosphate breakdown. 
D)  nuclear reactions. 
E)  both anaerobic respiration and creatine phosphate breakdown.

Question 5

Acetylcholine binds to a membrane bound receptor and causes ligand-gated sodium channels to open and results in

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpolarization. 
B)  depolarization. 
C)  hypoplarization. 
D)  no change in membrane potential. 
E)  There is not enough information to predict the outcome. 
A)  hyperpolarization. 
B)  depolarization. 
C)  hypoplarization. 
D)  no change in membrane potential. 
E)  There is not enough information to predict the outcome.

Question 6

The elevated oxygen consumption relative to activity level after exercise has ended is called

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen deficit. 
B)  oxygen debt. 
C)  oxygen repayment. 
D)  recovery oxygen consumption. 
E)  anaerobic recovery. 
A)  oxygen deficit. 
B)  oxygen debt. 
C)  oxygen repayment. 
D)  recovery oxygen consumption. 
E)  anaerobic recovery.

Question 7

What is an oxygen deficit?

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein found along the groove of the F-actin double helix 
B)  a T tubule and two adjacent terminal cisternae 
C)  the combination of myosin heads with active sites on actin molecules 
D)  the movement of myosin head while attached to actin myofilament 
E)  after exercise, the oxygen taken in that exceeds the oxygen required for resting metabolism 
A)  a protein found along the groove of the F-actin double helix 
B)  a T tubule and two adjacent terminal cisternae 
C)  the combination of myosin heads with active sites on actin molecules 
D)  the movement of myosin head while attached to actin myofilament 
E)  after exercise, the oxygen taken in that exceeds the oxygen required for resting metabolism

Question 8

Aerobic respiration

Accepted Answer

A)  produces ATP molecules faster than anaerobic respiration. 
B)  yields as many as 36 ATP per glucose molecule metabolized. 
C)  occurs whether oxygen is present or not. 
D)  occurs entirely in the cytoplasm. 
E)  occurs in the ribosomes. 
A)  produces ATP molecules faster than anaerobic respiration. 
B)  yields as many as 36 ATP per glucose molecule metabolized. 
C)  occurs whether oxygen is present or not. 
D)  occurs entirely in the cytoplasm. 
E)  occurs in the ribosomes.

Question 9

What is the role of myosin phosphatase?

Accepted Answer

A)  can rapidly develop action potentials 
B)  shallow invaginations of cell membrane 
C)  relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time 
D)  intracellular cytoskeleton 
E)  enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin 
A)  can rapidly develop action potentials 
B)  shallow invaginations of cell membrane 
C)  relatively constant tension maintained for a period of time 
D)  intracellular cytoskeleton 
E)  enzyme that removes phosphate from myosin

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true of the latch state of smooth muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myosin phosphatase removes the phosphate group from myosin. 
B)  It explains why smooth muscle can sustain tension for long periods of time. 
C)  It occurs when the phosphate is removed while the cross-bridges are attached to actin. 
D)  It occurs when the phosphate is removed while the cross-bridges are not attached to actin. 
E)  It allows contraction without a large energy expenditure. 
A)  Myosin phosphatase removes the phosphate group from myosin. 
B)  It explains why smooth muscle can sustain tension for long periods of time. 
C)  It occurs when the phosphate is removed while the cross-bridges are attached to actin. 
D)  It occurs when the phosphate is removed while the cross-bridges are not attached to actin. 
E)  It allows contraction without a large energy expenditure.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a property of the myosin head?

Accepted Answer

A)  They form cross-bridges with the active sites of actin. 
B)  They have a hinge region to bend and straighten. 
C)  They bind to troponin. 
D)  They have ATPase activity. 
E)  They bind to ATP. 
A)  They form cross-bridges with the active sites of actin. 
B)  They have a hinge region to bend and straighten. 
C)  They bind to troponin. 
D)  They have ATPase activity. 
E)  They bind to ATP.

Question 12

Body temperature

Accepted Answer

A)  is raised by sweating. 
B)  results from the heat produced when muscles contract. 
C)  will increase after blood vessels in the skin constrict. 
D)  is lowered by shivering. 
E)  decreases when the rate of the chemical reactions increase. 
A)  is raised by sweating. 
B)  results from the heat produced when muscles contract. 
C)  will increase after blood vessels in the skin constrict. 
D)  is lowered by shivering. 
E)  decreases when the rate of the chemical reactions increase.

Question 13

What type of muscle tissue has neuromuscular junctions?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle

Question 14

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane 
A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane

Question 15

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "B" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane 
A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane

Question 16

Whole muscles can respond in a graded fashion to stimuli by varying

Accepted Answer

A)  the force of contraction of individual muscle fibers. 
B)  the number of motor units recruited. 
C)  the amplitude of the action potential. 
D)  the frequency of stimulus. 
E)  thresholds. 
A)  the force of contraction of individual muscle fibers. 
B)  the number of motor units recruited. 
C)  the amplitude of the action potential. 
D)  the frequency of stimulus. 
E)  thresholds.

Question 17

Identify the statement concerning skeletal muscle that is true.

Accepted Answer

A)  It comprises about 20% of the body's weight. 
B)  It propels urine through the urinary tract. 
C)  Its function is largely under involuntary control. 
D)  It is a kind of connective tissue. 
E)  It is responsible for locomotion. 
A)  It comprises about 20% of the body's weight. 
B)  It propels urine through the urinary tract. 
C)  Its function is largely under involuntary control. 
D)  It is a kind of connective tissue. 
E)  It is responsible for locomotion.

Question 18

Physiological contracture

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when muscles are resting. 
B)  is a condition in which cross-bridges cannot release. 
C)  is caused by an abundance of ATP in muscle fibers. 
D)  results when muscles are well exercised. 
E)  results when the neurotransmitter remains in the receptor. 
A)  occurs when muscles are resting. 
B)  is a condition in which cross-bridges cannot release. 
C)  is caused by an abundance of ATP in muscle fibers. 
D)  results when muscles are well exercised. 
E)  results when the neurotransmitter remains in the receptor.

Question 19

The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  I band. 
B)  A band. 
C)  Z disk. 
D)  H zone. 
E)  M line. 
A)  I band. 
B)  A band. 
C)  Z disk. 
D)  H zone. 
E)  M line.

Question 20

Which type of muscle tissue is multinucleated?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
D)  both skeletal and cardiac muscle 
E)  both cardiac and smooth muscle 
A)  skeletal muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  cardiac muscle 
D)  both skeletal and cardiac muscle 
E)  both cardiac and smooth muscle

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

-The figure illustrates the neuromuscular junction. What does "D" represent?

When comparing smooth and skeletal muscle cells, which of the following statements is true?

What is smooth muscle tone?

During short periods of intense exercise, energy in muscles is primarily derived from

Acetylcholine binds to a membrane bound receptor and causes ligand-gated sodium channels to open and results in

The elevated oxygen consumption relative to activity level after exercise has ended is called

What is an oxygen deficit?

Aerobic respiration

What is the role of myosin phosphatase?

Which of the following is NOT true of the latch state of smooth muscle contraction?

Which of the following is NOT a property of the myosin head?

Body temperature

What type of muscle tissue has neuromuscular junctions?

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "A" represent?

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "B" represent?

Whole muscles can respond in a graded fashion to stimuli by varying

Identify the statement concerning skeletal muscle that is true.

Physiological contracture

The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the

Which type of muscle tissue is multinucleated?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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