Question 1

Tetanus of muscles is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing. 
A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

Question 2

ATPase is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  F-actin strands. 
B)  G-actin globular units. 
C)  myosin heads. 
D)  tropomyosin grooves. 
E)  troponin molecules. 
A)  F-actin strands. 
B)  G-actin globular units. 
C)  myosin heads. 
D)  tropomyosin grooves. 
E)  troponin molecules.

Question 3

Myosin is also known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  thick myofilament. 
B)  thin myofilament. 
C)  intermediate myofilament. 
D)  short myofilament. 
E)  sarcomere. 
A)  thick myofilament. 
B)  thin myofilament. 
C)  intermediate myofilament. 
D)  short myofilament. 
E)  sarcomere.

Question 4

Channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical charge or voltage across the plasma membrane are called

Accepted Answer

A)  ligand-gated ion channels. 
B)  leak ion channels. 
C)  relegated ion channels. 
D)  voltage-gated ion channels. 
E)  obligated ion channels. 
A)  ligand-gated ion channels. 
B)  leak ion channels. 
C)  relegated ion channels. 
D)  voltage-gated ion channels. 
E)  obligated ion channels.

Question 5

A myofilament is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B)  cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C)  structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D)  contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E)  protein strand composed of actin or myosin. 
A)  cell membrane of a muscle fiber. 
B)  cytoplasm of muscle cells. 
C)  structural and functional unit of the skeletal muscle cell. 
D)  contractile thread that extends the length of the muscle fiber. 
E)  protein strand composed of actin or myosin.

Question 6

One ATP molecule is required for

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of the cross-bridge. 
B)  movement of the cross-bridge. 
C)  release of the cross-bridge. 
D)  formation of the cross-bridge and for movement of the cross-bridge. 
E)  formation of the cross-bridge, for movement of the cross-bridge, and for release of the cross-bridge. 
A)  formation of the cross-bridge. 
B)  movement of the cross-bridge. 
C)  release of the cross-bridge. 
D)  formation of the cross-bridge and for movement of the cross-bridge. 
E)  formation of the cross-bridge, for movement of the cross-bridge, and for release of the cross-bridge.

Question 7

-What does "C" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge 
A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge

Question 8

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane 
A)  synaptic vesicles 
B)  synaptic cleft 
C)  sarcolemma 
D)  presynaptic terminal 
E)  postsynaptic membrane

Question 9

-What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge 
A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge

Question 10

An isotonic contraction is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing. 
A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

Question 11

-The figure illustrates the neuromuscular junction. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  presynaptic terminal 
B)  muscle fiber 
C)  neuromuscular junction 
D)  axon branch 
E)  myofibrils 
A)  presynaptic terminal 
B)  muscle fiber 
C)  neuromuscular junction 
D)  axon branch 
E)  myofibrils

Question 12

One cause of spastic paralysis might be

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of acetylcholine molecules. 
B)  blockage of acetylcholine receptors. 
C)  inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  destruction of synaptic vesicles. 
E)  increase in the amount of acetylcholinesterase. 
A)  inhibition of acetylcholine molecules. 
B)  blockage of acetylcholine receptors. 
C)  inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. 
D)  destruction of synaptic vesicles. 
E)  increase in the amount of acetylcholinesterase.

Question 13

Smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  responds in an all-or-none fashion. 
B)  depolarizes when both sodium and calcium ions diffuse into the cell. 
C)  has fast waves of depolarization. 
D)  has fast waves of repolarization. 
E)  has a resting membrane potential that is more negative than skeletal muscle fibers. 
A)  responds in an all-or-none fashion. 
B)  depolarizes when both sodium and calcium ions diffuse into the cell. 
C)  has fast waves of depolarization. 
D)  has fast waves of repolarization. 
E)  has a resting membrane potential that is more negative than skeletal muscle fibers.

Question 14

Depolarization of the cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium ions. 
B)  chloride ions. 
C)  calcium ions. 
D)  sodium ions. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  potassium ions. 
B)  chloride ions. 
C)  calcium ions. 
D)  sodium ions. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 15

The diffusion of calcium ions into a smooth muscle cell does not depolarize the membrane so no action potential occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

-What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge 
A)  myosin myofilament 
B)  actin myofilament 
C)  sarcomere 
D)  Z disk 
E)  cross-bridge

Question 17

Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  thick myofilaments 
B)  I Bands 
C)  Z disks 
D)  sarcolemma 
E)  tropomyosin 
A)  thick myofilaments 
B)  I Bands 
C)  Z disks 
D)  sarcolemma 
E)  tropomyosin

Question 18

T tubules

Accepted Answer

A)  provide nutrients to the muscle fiber. 
B)  generate new muscle fibers. 
C)  conduct action potentials deep into the muscle cell. 
D)  release acetylcholine. 
E)  store calcium ions. 
A)  provide nutrients to the muscle fiber. 
B)  generate new muscle fibers. 
C)  conduct action potentials deep into the muscle cell. 
D)  release acetylcholine. 
E)  store calcium ions.

Question 19

Muscle hypertrophy results from increased numbers of

Accepted Answer

A)  myofibrils and sarcomeres. 
B)  muscle fibers. 
C)  motor units. 
D)  muscles. 
E)  muscle cells. 
A)  myofibrils and sarcomeres. 
B)  muscle fibers. 
C)  motor units. 
D)  muscles. 
E)  muscle cells.

Question 20

A concentric contraction is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing. 
A)  action potential frequency is high enough that no relaxation of muscle fibers occurs. 
B)  a muscle produces constant tension during contraction. 
C)  a muscle produces an increasing tension during contraction. 
D)  a muscle produces increasing tension as it shortens. 
E)  a muscle produces tension, but the length of the muscle is increasing.

Exam 9: Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Tetanus of muscles is described as

ATPase is found in

Myosin is also known as the

Channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical charge or voltage across the plasma membrane are called

A myofilament is the

One ATP molecule is required for

-What does "C" represent on the diagram?

-The figure illustrates a detailed drawing of the neuromuscular junction. What does "D" represent?

-What does "E" represent on the diagram?

An isotonic contraction is described as

-The figure illustrates the neuromuscular junction. What does "C" represent?

One cause of spastic paralysis might be

Smooth muscle

Depolarization of the cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow) of

The diffusion of calcium ions into a smooth muscle cell does not depolarize the membrane so no action potential occurs.

-What does "A" represent on the diagram?

Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules?

T tubules

Muscle hypertrophy results from increased numbers of

A concentric contraction is described as

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

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Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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