Question 1

Erin is studying for her anatomy exam. While she is studying, she tries to create as many pictures as she can to illustrate key ideas. In this case, Erin is using

Accepted Answer

A)  elaboration. 
B)  visual imagery. 
C)  self-referent encoding. 
D)  phonemic encoding. 
A)  elaboration. 
B)  visual imagery. 
C)  self-referent encoding. 
D)  phonemic encoding.

Question 2

Several students are arguing over the actual year that the Berlin wall came down. Some of the students think it was in 1990, several think it was in 1991, and one student thinks it may have been 1988. Seth confidently tells them it was in November 1989, because it came down the same week he won a statewide spelling bee. The fact that Seth is able to accurately recall the date illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  prospective memory processes. 
B)  self-referent encoding. 
C)  semantic encoding. 
D)  spreading activation in a semantic network. 
A)  prospective memory processes. 
B)  self-referent encoding. 
C)  semantic encoding. 
D)  spreading activation in a semantic network.

Question 3

A schema is

Accepted Answer

A)  an organized general knowledge structure. 
B)  a specific type of representative heuristic. 
C)  a specific type of availability heuristic. 
D)  a peculiar form of amnesia. 
A)  an organized general knowledge structure. 
B)  a specific type of representative heuristic. 
C)  a specific type of availability heuristic. 
D)  a peculiar form of amnesia.

Question 4

In which level of processing is an emphasis placed on the sounds of words?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphemic 
B)  phonemic 
C)  mnemonic 
D)  platonic 
A)  morphemic 
B)  phonemic 
C)  mnemonic 
D)  platonic

Question 5

An essay exam is most similar to the ____ method of measuring retention.

Accepted Answer

A)  recognition 
B)  recall 
C)  relearning 
D)  production 
A)  recognition 
B)  recall 
C)  relearning 
D)  production

Question 6

Sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory comprise the three components of

Accepted Answer

A)  memory. 
B)  encoding. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  storage. 
A)  memory. 
B)  encoding. 
C)  retrieval. 
D)  storage.

Question 7

Xavier was given a list of words as part of a memory test that included: dog, pail, and hate. Later, he recalled these words as: "log, whale, and late." Xavier's errors in recall suggest that he had encoded the original word list

Accepted Answer

A)  phonemically. 
B)  structurally. 
C)  semantically. 
D)  retroactively. 
A)  phonemically. 
B)  structurally. 
C)  semantically. 
D)  retroactively.

Question 8

When information in long-term memory (LTM) is organized according to a clustering principle, it means that

Accepted Answer

A)  items that occurred close together in time are grouped together in LTM. 
B)  related items tend to be remembered in groups or categories. 
C)  words that look alike are grouped together in LTM. 
D)  people create a network of nodes in LTM, with links to related concepts. 
A)  items that occurred close together in time are grouped together in LTM. 
B)  related items tend to be remembered in groups or categories. 
C)  words that look alike are grouped together in LTM. 
D)  people create a network of nodes in LTM, with links to related concepts.

Question 9

The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can be best described as an instance of

Accepted Answer

A)  complete storage failure. 
B)  complete retrieval failure. 
C)  partial retrieval. 
D)  partial storage. 
A)  complete storage failure. 
B)  complete retrieval failure. 
C)  partial retrieval. 
D)  partial storage.

Question 10

Alan took three years of French in high school before switching to studying German in college. He has noticed that he has forgotten a lot of his French vocabulary. His forgetting of French is MOST likely the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  decay. 
B)  motivated forgetting. 
C)  proactive interference. 
D)  retroactive interference. 
A)  decay. 
B)  motivated forgetting. 
C)  proactive interference. 
D)  retroactive interference.

Question 11

While at a yard sale, you and your roommate find a great old sofa. As you are trying to decide if it will fit in your dorm room if you rearrange the beds, dressers, and desks, you would be using the ____ component of working memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  visuospatial sketchpad 
B)  semantic buffer 
C)  executive control system 
D)  phonological rehearsal loop 
A)  visuospatial sketchpad 
B)  semantic buffer 
C)  executive control system 
D)  phonological rehearsal loop

Question 12

Connectionist models of memory tend to be based on

Accepted Answer

A)  how computers process information. 
B)  how neural networks handle information. 
C)  the principles of operant conditioning. 
D)  the principles of Gestalt psychology. 
A)  how computers process information. 
B)  how neural networks handle information. 
C)  the principles of operant conditioning. 
D)  the principles of Gestalt psychology.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a component of working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  visuospatial sketchpad 
B)  executive control system 
C)  phonological rehearsal loop 
D)  semantic buffer 
A)  visuospatial sketchpad 
B)  executive control system 
C)  phonological rehearsal loop 
D)  semantic buffer

Question 14

An organized cluster of knowledge about a particular object or event that is abstracted from previous experience with the object or event is a

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotype. 
B)  semantic network. 
C)  schema. 
D)  retrieval cue. 
A)  stereotype. 
B)  semantic network. 
C)  schema. 
D)  retrieval cue.

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding the role of context in memory is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Context cues often facilitate the retrieval of information. 
B)  Context cues generally facilitate the retrieval of visual information, but interfere with the ability to recall auditory information. 
C)  Context cues generally facilitate the retrieval of auditory information, but interfere with the ability to recall visual information. 
D)  Context exerts no systematic influence on the encoding and retrieval of information. 
A)  Context cues often facilitate the retrieval of information. 
B)  Context cues generally facilitate the retrieval of visual information, but interfere with the ability to recall auditory information. 
C)  Context cues generally facilitate the retrieval of auditory information, but interfere with the ability to recall visual information. 
D)  Context exerts no systematic influence on the encoding and retrieval of information.

Question 16

Which theory suggests that memory is enhanced by forming both semantic and visual codes?

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding-storage theory 
B)  information-processing theory 
C)  enhanced imagery theory 
D)  dual-coding theory 
A)  encoding-storage theory 
B)  information-processing theory 
C)  enhanced imagery theory 
D)  dual-coding theory

Question 17

Based on Lavie's research into the location of the attention filter, which of the following pairs of terms is matched INCORRECTLY?

Accepted Answer

A)  high-load task - late filter 
B)  simple task - late filter 
C)  complicated task - early filter 
D)  low-load task - late filter 
A)  high-load task - late filter 
B)  simple task - late filter 
C)  complicated task - early filter 
D)  low-load task - late filter

Question 18

Karina is given a list of words to memorize, and she forms a mental image of each word on the list. Calvin is given the same list of words, and he thinks of words that rhyme with each of the words on the list. Based on the research that has focused on the process of encoding, you should expect that on a memory test

Accepted Answer

A)  both Karina and Calvin will recall the same number of words. 
B)  Karina will recall more words than Calvin. 
C)  Calvin will recall more words than Karina. 
D)  Karina is more likely to make "look-alike" errors in recall. 
A)  both Karina and Calvin will recall the same number of words. 
B)  Karina will recall more words than Calvin. 
C)  Calvin will recall more words than Karina. 
D)  Karina is more likely to make "look-alike" errors in recall.

Question 19

Long-term memory

Accepted Answer

A)  is a limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for up to about 20 seconds. 
B)  are unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events. 
C)  is an unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time. 
D)  preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second. 
A)  is a limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for up to about 20 seconds. 
B)  are unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events. 
C)  is an unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time. 
D)  preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second.

Question 20

Research suggests that when information is forgotten from long-term memory ____ exerts a stronger influence on forgetting than ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the passage of time; interference 
B)  interference; the passage of time 
C)  ineffective encoding; interference 
D)  ineffective encoding; the passage of time 
A)  the passage of time; interference 
B)  interference; the passage of time 
C)  ineffective encoding; interference 
D)  ineffective encoding; the passage of time

Exam 13: Human Memory Part 1

Erin is studying for her anatomy exam. While she is studying, she tries to create as many pictures as she can to illustrate key ideas. In this case, Erin is using

A schema is

In which level of processing is an emphasis placed on the sounds of words?

An essay exam is most similar to the ____ method of measuring retention.

Sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory comprise the three components of

Xavier was given a list of words as part of a memory test that included: dog, pail, and hate. Later, he recalled these words as: "log, whale, and late." Xavier's errors in recall suggest that he had encoded the original word list

When information in long-term memory (LTM) is organized according to a clustering principle, it means that

The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can be best described as an instance of

Alan took three years of French in high school before switching to studying German in college. He has noticed that he has forgotten a lot of his French vocabulary. His forgetting of French is MOST likely the result of

While at a yard sale, you and your roommate find a great old sofa. As you are trying to decide if it will fit in your dorm room if you rearrange the beds, dressers, and desks, you would be using the ____ component of working memory.

Connectionist models of memory tend to be based on

Which of the following is NOT a component of working memory?

An organized cluster of knowledge about a particular object or event that is abstracted from previous experience with the object or event is a

Which of the following statements regarding the role of context in memory is MOST accurate?

Which theory suggests that memory is enhanced by forming both semantic and visual codes?

Based on Lavie's research into the location of the attention filter, which of the following pairs of terms is matched INCORRECTLY?

Long-term memory

Research suggests that when information is forgotten from long-term memory ____ exerts a stronger influence on forgetting than ____.

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

Filters

Research suggests that when information is forgotten from long-term memory exerts a stronger influence on forgetting than .