Question 1

Which of the following terms refers to the process of keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious?

Accepted Answer

A)  regression 
B)  repression 
C)  sublimation 
D)  rationalization 
A)  regression 
B)  repression 
C)  sublimation 
D)  rationalization

Question 2

You meet a man at a party and carefully store his name along with an image of his face. The next day, he calls you on the phone, but you can't remember his name. According to the encoding specificity principle, this is because

Accepted Answer

A)  the sound of his voice is an inappropriate retrieval cue. 
B)  you never paid attention to his name in the first place. 
C)  the name is no longer in your long-term memory. 
D)  the name is in your sensory store only. 
A)  the sound of his voice is an inappropriate retrieval cue. 
B)  you never paid attention to his name in the first place. 
C)  the name is no longer in your long-term memory. 
D)  the name is in your sensory store only.

Question 3

According to interference theory

Accepted Answer

A)  people forget information because of competition from other material. 
B)  forgetting is due to ineffective encoding. 
C)  the principal cause of forgetting should be the passage of time. 
D)  the events that occur during the retention interval do not affect forgetting. 
A)  people forget information because of competition from other material. 
B)  forgetting is due to ineffective encoding. 
C)  the principal cause of forgetting should be the passage of time. 
D)  the events that occur during the retention interval do not affect forgetting.

Question 4

The recognition measure of retention requires an individual

Accepted Answer

A)  to reproduce information on her own without any cues. 
B)  to select previously learned information from an array of options. 
C)  to predict how well she will perform on a later memory test. 
D)  to memorize information a second time to determine how much time or effort is saved. 
A)  to reproduce information on her own without any cues. 
B)  to select previously learned information from an array of options. 
C)  to predict how well she will perform on a later memory test. 
D)  to memorize information a second time to determine how much time or effort is saved.

Question 5

Allen was recently traded to a new basketball team, and he is having a hard time remembering all the new plays because he keeps using the plays from his former team. Allen's problems illustrate the effects of

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive interference. 
B)  state-dependent forgetting. 
C)  proactive interference. 
D)  memory reconstruction. 
A)  retroactive interference. 
B)  state-dependent forgetting. 
C)  proactive interference. 
D)  memory reconstruction.

Question 6

If you incorrectly recall your psychology professor as saying "Psychology is a poor choice for a college major," when in reality it was really your philosophy professor who made the statement, you would be making a

Accepted Answer

A)  source-monitoring error. 
B)  misinformation error. 
C)  retention error. 
D)  reality-monitoring error. 
A)  source-monitoring error. 
B)  misinformation error. 
C)  retention error. 
D)  reality-monitoring error.

Question 7

Two students took a memory test. Twenty nouns were shown sequentially on a TV monitor. Mallory tried to think of rhymes for each word as it appeared on the monitor. Bailey tried to think of ways each word could be used in a sentence. Based on Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing theory, you should predict that

Accepted Answer

A)  Mallory will have better recall of the words because she used semantic encoding. 
B)  both students should have equivalent recall of the words. 
C)  Bailey will have better recall of the words because she used semantic encoding. 
D)  Bailey will have poorer recall of the words because she used structural encoding. 
A)  Mallory will have better recall of the words because she used semantic encoding. 
B)  both students should have equivalent recall of the words. 
C)  Bailey will have better recall of the words because she used semantic encoding. 
D)  Bailey will have poorer recall of the words because she used structural encoding.

Question 8

According to the notion of semantic networks, which pair of words should be linked most closely?

Accepted Answer

A)  car-nose 
B)  boat-goat 
C)  fill-feed 
D)  tree-bird 
A)  car-nose 
B)  boat-goat 
C)  fill-feed 
D)  tree-bird

Question 9

The observation that when a flashlight is waved quickly through the air in a circular pattern, you perceive a circle of light and not just a "single point" of light is consistent with the functioning of your

Accepted Answer

A)  visual memory. 
B)  long-term memory. 
C)  sensory memory. 
D)  short-term memory. 
A)  visual memory. 
B)  long-term memory. 
C)  sensory memory. 
D)  short-term memory.

Question 10

Self-referent encoding involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the creation of visual images to represent the words to be remembered. 
B)  making the material to be remembered personally meaningful. 
C)  forming two kinds of memory codes for each word. 
D)  linking a stimulus to other information at the time of encoding. 
A)  the creation of visual images to represent the words to be remembered. 
B)  making the material to be remembered personally meaningful. 
C)  forming two kinds of memory codes for each word. 
D)  linking a stimulus to other information at the time of encoding.

Question 11

Currently there is a debate among psychologists concerning whether

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory has a limited storage capacity. 
B)  long-term memory has an unlimited storage capacity. 
C)  short-term memory is separate from long-term memory. 
D)  sensory memory is separate from short-term memory. 
A)  short-term memory has a limited storage capacity. 
B)  long-term memory has an unlimited storage capacity. 
C)  short-term memory is separate from long-term memory. 
D)  sensory memory is separate from short-term memory.

Question 12

What is said to occur when a participant's recall of an event they witnessed is altered by introducing misleading postevent information?

Accepted Answer

A)  a misinformation effect 
B)  a post hypnotic suggestion 
C)  the tip of the tongue phenomenon 
D)  ineffective encoding 
A)  a misinformation effect 
B)  a post hypnotic suggestion 
C)  the tip of the tongue phenomenon 
D)  ineffective encoding

Question 13

If you are trying to remember whether you told your roommate that you would not be home for dinner tomorrow, or you just thought about telling her, you are engaging in

Accepted Answer

A)  imagination inflation. 
B)  reality monitoring. 
C)  reconstruction. 
D)  source monitoring. 
A)  imagination inflation. 
B)  reality monitoring. 
C)  reconstruction. 
D)  source monitoring.

Question 14

The memory for an item of knowledge is represented by a specific pattern of activation in the

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic network model of memory. 
B)  connectionist model of memory. 
C)  information-processing model of memory. 
D)  schema model of memory. 
A)  semantic network model of memory. 
B)  connectionist model of memory. 
C)  information-processing model of memory. 
D)  schema model of memory.

Question 15

Norm is studying for his law exam. While he is studying, he is trying to think of as many examples as he can to illustrate key ideas. In this case, Norm is using

Accepted Answer

A)  elaboration. 
B)  visual imagery. 
C)  self-referent encoding. 
D)  phonemic encoding. 
A)  elaboration. 
B)  visual imagery. 
C)  self-referent encoding. 
D)  phonemic encoding.

Question 16

Frances is daydreaming during her botany class, and has not been listening to the lecture at all. She is suddenly aware that her professor has just called her name, and is waiting for her to respond to a question that has been asked. Incidents of this type lend support to

Accepted Answer

A)  a retroactive model of attention. 
B)  a late-selection model of attention. 
C)  an early-selection model of attention. 
D)  an acoustic-blocking model of attention. 
A)  a retroactive model of attention. 
B)  a late-selection model of attention. 
C)  an early-selection model of attention. 
D)  an acoustic-blocking model of attention.

Question 17

In studies of long-term memory, researchers have found that

Accepted Answer

A)  the mere passage of time is the sole cause of forgetting. 
B)  the passage of time is more influential than what happens during the time interval. 
C)  the passage of time is not as influential as what happens during the time interval. 
D)  subjects who sleep during the retention interval forget more than those who remain awake. 
A)  the mere passage of time is the sole cause of forgetting. 
B)  the passage of time is more influential than what happens during the time interval. 
C)  the passage of time is not as influential as what happens during the time interval. 
D)  subjects who sleep during the retention interval forget more than those who remain awake.

Question 18

We can probably attribute the failing memory of senior citizens who move from a home they've lived in for an extended time into another residence to

Accepted Answer

A)  a protein deficiency. 
B)  the lack of retrieval cues. 
C)  a lack of elaboration. 
D)  the confusion associated with a decaying memory. 
A)  a protein deficiency. 
B)  the lack of retrieval cues. 
C)  a lack of elaboration. 
D)  the confusion associated with a decaying memory.

Question 19

As Kayla was introduced to the seven members of the committee who would be interviewing her for a scholarship, she silently repeated all the names to herself, in order. Kayla was using

Accepted Answer

A)  chunking to increase the capacity of her short-term memory. 
B)  rehearsal to temporarily store the names in short-term memory. 
C)  filtering to temporarily bloc other information out of short-term memory. 
D)  acoustic encoding to process the names semantically. 
A)  chunking to increase the capacity of her short-term memory. 
B)  rehearsal to temporarily store the names in short-term memory. 
C)  filtering to temporarily bloc other information out of short-term memory. 
D)  acoustic encoding to process the names semantically.

Question 20

Imagine that researchers find some memories are lost very quickly from memory, while other memories last much longer. This evidence would create the MOST problems for

Accepted Answer

A)  the decay theory of forgetting. 
B)  the interference theory of forgetting. 
C)  the repression theory of forgetting. 
D)  the neurochemical theory of forgetting. 
A)  the decay theory of forgetting. 
B)  the interference theory of forgetting. 
C)  the repression theory of forgetting. 
D)  the neurochemical theory of forgetting.

Exam 13: Human Memory Part 1

Which of the following terms refers to the process of keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious?

You meet a man at a party and carefully store his name along with an image of his face. The next day, he calls you on the phone, but you can't remember his name. According to the encoding specificity principle, this is because

According to interference theory

The recognition measure of retention requires an individual

Allen was recently traded to a new basketball team, and he is having a hard time remembering all the new plays because he keeps using the plays from his former team. Allen's problems illustrate the effects of

If you incorrectly recall your psychology professor as saying "Psychology is a poor choice for a college major," when in reality it was really your philosophy professor who made the statement, you would be making a

According to the notion of semantic networks, which pair of words should be linked most closely?

The observation that when a flashlight is waved quickly through the air in a circular pattern, you perceive a circle of light and not just a "single point" of light is consistent with the functioning of your

Self-referent encoding involves

Currently there is a debate among psychologists concerning whether

What is said to occur when a participant's recall of an event they witnessed is altered by introducing misleading postevent information?

If you are trying to remember whether you told your roommate that you would not be home for dinner tomorrow, or you just thought about telling her, you are engaging in

The memory for an item of knowledge is represented by a specific pattern of activation in the

Norm is studying for his law exam. While he is studying, he is trying to think of as many examples as he can to illustrate key ideas. In this case, Norm is using

Frances is daydreaming during her botany class, and has not been listening to the lecture at all. She is suddenly aware that her professor has just called her name, and is waiting for her to respond to a question that has been asked. Incidents of this type lend support to

In studies of long-term memory, researchers have found that

We can probably attribute the failing memory of senior citizens who move from a home they've lived in for an extended time into another residence to

As Kayla was introduced to the seven members of the committee who would be interviewing her for a scholarship, she silently repeated all the names to herself, in order. Kayla was using

Imagine that researchers find some memories are lost very quickly from memory, while other memories last much longer. This evidence would create the MOST problems for

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

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Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

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Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

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Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

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