Question 1

Draw the structure of the ultimate organic glycolysis product of α-glucose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure of the ultimate organic...

Question 2

Which enzyme catalyzes a reaction that is a major control point for glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 
B)  Enolase 
C)  Phosphofructokinase 
D)  Aldolase 
A)  Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 
B)  Enolase 
C)  Phosphofructokinase 
D)  Aldolase

Question 3

Gluconeogenesis differs from glycolysis because

Accepted Answer

A)  it does not produce ATP 
B)  different enzymes are involved 
C)  biotin is required for gluconeogenesis and not for glycolysis 
D)  all of these 
A)  it does not produce ATP 
B)  different enzymes are involved 
C)  biotin is required for gluconeogenesis and not for glycolysis 
D)  all of these

Question 4

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?   a b

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP + 2 Pi ATP 
B)  NAD+ NADH 
C)  NADP+ NADPH 
D)  FAD FADH2 
A)  ADP + 2 Pi ATP 
B)  NAD+ NADH 
C)  NADP+ NADPH 
D)  FAD FADH2

Question 5

Match a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.
Embden-Meyerhoff
Embden-Meyerhoff
-Pathways that break down larger biomolecules into smaller ones.

Accepted Answer

A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)​metabolism 
A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)​metabolism

Question 6

The reaction of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to give glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a reverse aldol condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  oxidation 
D)  dehydration 
A)  a reverse aldol condensation 
B)  hydrolysis 
C)  oxidation 
D)  dehydration

Question 7

Circle the carbon atoms in the molecule of glucose shown that enter the citric acid cycle as −CH3 groups.

Accepted Answer

Question 8

Consider the glycolytic intermediate below to answer the following questions.   a)What is the name of the glycolytic intermediate? 
a. 1-phosphoglycerate
b. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
c. dihydroxyacetone phosphate
d. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
b)
Draw the structure of the product of the reaction of this intermediate with ADP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the glycolytic intermediate below to answer...

Question 9

Consider the structure of amylopectin below to answer the following questions.   a)Circle the glycosidic links that are hydrolyzed in the small intestine.
b)What is the final product of complete hydrolysis of amylpectin?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the structure of amylopectin below to...

Question 10

Match a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.
Embden-Meyerhoff
Embden-Meyerhoff
-The product of the citric acid cycle, which is a reactant in the first step.

Accepted Answer

A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)​metabolism 
A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)​metabolism

Question 11

Thiamin diphosphate (TPP) is a coenzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  frequently encountered in oxidation-reduction reactions 
B)  required for the phosphorylation of ADP 
C)  involved in transfers of two-carbon groups 
D)  involved in transfers of one-carbon groups 
A)  frequently encountered in oxidation-reduction reactions 
B)  required for the phosphorylation of ADP 
C)  involved in transfers of two-carbon groups 
D)  involved in transfers of one-carbon groups

Question 12

In humans, what aspect(s) are the mechanism of glycosidase hydrolysis of starch by inversion and retention of stereochemistry similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of an oxomium ion intermediate 
B)  involve two inversions 
C)  SN2-like inversion 
D)  occurs only in the small intestine 
E)  all of these 
A)  formation of an oxomium ion intermediate 
B)  involve two inversions 
C)  SN2-like inversion 
D)  occurs only in the small intestine 
E)  all of these

Question 13

The citric acid cycle is considered to be the central metabolic pathway for all the following reasons, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  It is involved in the metabolism of sugars and amino acids. 
B)  It is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and lipids. 
C)  It links anaerobic metabolism to aerobic metabolism. 
D)  Many of its intermediates are starting points for synthesis of a variety of compounds. 
E)  All of these are reasons why the citric acid cycle is considered to be the central pathway. 
A)  It is involved in the metabolism of sugars and amino acids. 
B)  It is involved in the metabolism of amino acids and lipids. 
C)  It links anaerobic metabolism to aerobic metabolism. 
D)  Many of its intermediates are starting points for synthesis of a variety of compounds. 
E)  All of these are reasons why the citric acid cycle is considered to be the central pathway.

Question 14

The enzyme pyruvate carboxylase

Accepted Answer

A)  is not subject to allosteric control 
B)  requires biotin for activity 
C)  catalyzes a reaction that does not require ATP 
D)  is inhibited by acetyl-CoA 
A)  is not subject to allosteric control 
B)  requires biotin for activity 
C)  catalyzes a reaction that does not require ATP 
D)  is inhibited by acetyl-CoA

Question 15

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?   a b

Accepted Answer

A)  GDP GTP 
B)  NADP+ NADPH 
C)  ADP + Pi ATP 
D)  FAD FADH2 
A)  GDP GTP 
B)  NADP+ NADPH 
C)  ADP + Pi ATP 
D)  FAD FADH2

Question 16

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?   a b c

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP ADP H2O 
B)  NADH NAD+ Pi 
C)  NAD+ NADH H2O 
D)  NAD+ NADH Pi 
A)  ATP ADP H2O 
B)  NADH NAD+ Pi 
C)  NAD+ NADH H2O 
D)  NAD+ NADH Pi

Question 17

The following reactions all occur during oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Removal of CO2. 
B)  Oxidation of an acetate group. 
C)  Addition of Coenzyme A to a 2-carbon fragment. 
D)  Reduction of NAD+ 
E)  All of these reactions take place during oxidative decarboxylation. 
A)  Removal of CO2. 
B)  Oxidation of an acetate group. 
C)  Addition of Coenzyme A to a 2-carbon fragment. 
D)  Reduction of NAD+ 
E)  All of these reactions take place during oxidative decarboxylation.

Question 18

Consider the following reaction.   Which of the following describes this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  is so strongly exergonic that it does not require a catalyst 
B)  is an exergonic reaction not coupled to any other reaction 
C)  is an endergonic reaction that takes place because it is coupled to the exergonic hydrolysis of ATP 
D)  is an exergonic reaction that is coupled to the endergonic hydrolysis of ATP 
A)  is so strongly exergonic that it does not require a catalyst 
B)  is an exergonic reaction not coupled to any other reaction 
C)  is an endergonic reaction that takes place because it is coupled to the exergonic hydrolysis of ATP 
D)  is an exergonic reaction that is coupled to the endergonic hydrolysis of ATP

Question 19

In the reaction catalyzed by aldolase, the substrate is bound to the enzyme

Accepted Answer

A)  by an ester linkage 
B)  as a Schiff base 
C)  by a peptide bond 
D)  by hydrogen bonds 
A)  by an ester linkage 
B)  as a Schiff base 
C)  by a peptide bond 
D)  by hydrogen bonds

Question 20

Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s).  
-Refer to instructions. This reaction proceeds through a common enol structure. Draw the structure of the glucose/fructose enol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the reaction below to answer the...

Exam 22: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Draw the structure of the ultimate organic glycolysis product of α-glucose.

Which enzyme catalyzes a reaction that is a major control point for glycolysis?

Gluconeogenesis differs from glycolysis because

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown? a b

Match a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names. Embden-Meyerhoff Embden-Meyerhoff -Pathways that break down larger biomolecules into smaller ones.

The reaction of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to give glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate is an example of

Circle the carbon atoms in the molecule of glucose shown that enter the citric acid cycle as −CH3 groups.

Consider the structure of amylopectin below to answer the following questions. a)Circle the glycosidic links that are hydrolyzed in the small intestine. b)What is the final product of complete hydrolysis of amylpectin?

Match a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names. Embden-Meyerhoff Embden-Meyerhoff -The product of the citric acid cycle, which is a reactant in the first step.

Thiamin diphosphate (TPP) is a coenzyme

In humans, what aspect(s) are the mechanism of glycosidase hydrolysis of starch by inversion and retention of stereochemistry similar?

The citric acid cycle is considered to be the central metabolic pathway for all the following reasons, except:

The enzyme pyruvate carboxylase

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown? a b

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown? a b c

The following reactions all occur during oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, except:

Consider the following reaction. Which of the following describes this reaction?

In the reaction catalyzed by aldolase, the substrate is bound to the enzyme

Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s). -Refer to instructions. This reaction proceeds through a common enol structure. Draw the structure of the glucose/fructose enol.

Structure and Bonding

Polar Covalent Bonds; Acids and Bases

Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Organic Compounds: Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry at Tetrahedral Centers

An Overview of Organic Reactions

Alkenes and Alkynes

Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes

Aromatic Compounds

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Organohalides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and Eliminations

Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols; Ethers and Sulfides

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution and Condensation Reactions

Amines and Heterocycles

Biomolecules: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Amino Acid Metabolism

Biomolecules: Carbohydrates

Biomolecules: Lipids and Their Metabolism

Biomolecules: Nucleic Acids and Their Metabolism

Orbitals and Organic Chemistry: Pericyclic Reactionse

Synthetic Polymerse

Filters

Circle the carbon atoms in the molecule of glucose shown that enter the citric acid cycle as −CH₃ groups.