Question 1

All of the following are byproducts of β-oxidation, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetyl CoA 
B)  ADP 
C)  NADH 
D)  FADH2 
E)  All of these are byproducts of β-oxidation. 
A)  Acetyl CoA 
B)  ADP 
C)  NADH 
D)  FADH2 
E)  All of these are byproducts of β-oxidation.

Question 2

Which of the following processes is used to harden an oil to give a fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidation 
B)  hydrogenation 
C)  hydrolysis 
D)  hydration 
A)  oxidation 
B)  hydrogenation 
C)  hydrolysis 
D)  hydration

Question 3

Indicate by asterisks the stereogenic centers present in each of the indicated terpenes in the following question(s).
-Place asterisks:
grandisol

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indicate by asterisks the stereogenic centers present...

Question 4

How many molecules of acetyl CoA are produced in the catabolism of stearic acid?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many molecules of acetyl CoA are...

Question 5

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once.
-A phosphoglyceride

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)  
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)

Question 6

All of the following describe β-oxidation, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Two-carbon units are eliminated during each cycle. 
B)  The process employs NAD+ as an oxidant. 
C)  The process is the primary route to fatty acid degradation. 
D)  The 2-carbon groups are eliminated from the methyl end of the fatty acid. 
E)  Fatty acids are attached to coenzyme A during the process. 
A)  Two-carbon units are eliminated during each cycle. 
B)  The process employs NAD+ as an oxidant. 
C)  The process is the primary route to fatty acid degradation. 
D)  The 2-carbon groups are eliminated from the methyl end of the fatty acid. 
E)  Fatty acids are attached to coenzyme A during the process.

Question 7

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once.
-A soap

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)  
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)

Question 8

The following sequence represents the steps in the biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Step
Type of Reaction
1
nucleophilic acyl substitution
2
nucleophilic acyl substitution
3
carboxylation
4
nucleophilic acyl substitution
5
condensation
6
reduction
7
dehydration
8
reduction
a)In which step is the new carbon−carbon bond that builds the fatty acid chain formed?
b)In which step does the following reaction occur?   c)
Complete the reaction below by giving the species that should be placed in each box.   d)
In which step is the mechanism identical to the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate in gluconeogenesis?
e)
In what respect are steps 1 and 2 identical to steps 3 and 4?
f)
In which step is the butyryl group formed?

Accepted Answer

a)5, condensation
b)3, carboxy

Question 9

The β-oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids is characterized by direct formation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetyl CoA. 
B)  Methylmalonyl CoA. 
C)  Propionyl CoA 
D)  Succinyl CoA 
E)  There are no characteristic products in this process. 
A)  Acetyl CoA. 
B)  Methylmalonyl CoA. 
C)  Propionyl CoA 
D)  Succinyl CoA 
E)  There are no characteristic products in this process.

Question 10

When soaps disperse in water, the long hydrocarbon tails cluster together in a hydrophobic ball, while the ionic heads on the surface of the cluster stick out into the water. These spherical clusters are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acid esters 
B)  triacylglycerols 
C)  lipid bilayers 
D)  micelles 
A)  fatty acid esters 
B)  triacylglycerols 
C)  lipid bilayers 
D)  micelles

Question 11

Draw the structures of the major organic product(s) you would expect to obtain from reaction of androsterone with the reagents listed below.   androsterone
-Draw major product(s):
POCl3, pyridine

Accepted Answer

Question 12

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once.
-A sphingolipid

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)  
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)

Question 13

Which of the following would be expected to be found in higher concentration in butter versus olive oil?

Accepted Answer

A)  CH3(CH2)12CO2H 
B)  CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO2H 
C)  CH3(CH2)4(CHCHCH2)2(CH2)6CO2H 
D)  CH3(CH2)4(CHCHCH2)4(CH2)2CO2H 
A)  CH3(CH2)12CO2H 
B)  CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7CO2H 
C)  CH3(CH2)4(CHCHCH2)2(CH2)6CO2H 
D)  CH3(CH2)4(CHCHCH2)4(CH2)2CO2H

Question 14

In the sequence of steps shown below for fatty acid biosynthesis, how many cycles must be completed to produce the following species?   Step
Type of Reaction
1
nucleophilic acyl substitution
2
nucleophilic acyl substitution
3
carboxylation
4
nucleophilic acyl substitution
5
condensation
6
reduction
7
dehydration
8
reduction

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the sequence of steps shown below...

Question 15

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once.
-A terpenoid

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)  
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)

Question 16

Which of the following would function in a regulatory capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone 
B)  androsterone 
C)  norethindrone 
D)  estradiol 
A)  aldosterone 
B)  androsterone 
C)  norethindrone 
D)  estradiol

Question 17

How many passages through the β-oxidation pathway are required to completely degrade the following fatty acid?
CH3(CH2)12CO2H

Accepted Answer

Question 18

Draw the structures of the major organic product(s) you would expect to obtain from reaction of androsterone with the reagents listed below.   androsterone
-Draw major product(s):
CH3COCl, pyridine

Accepted Answer

Question 19

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once.
-A triglyceride

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)  
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)

Question 20

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once.
-An estrogen

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)  
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)  
F) 
G)Malonyl ACP
H) 
I) 
J)

Exam 23: Biomolecules: Lipids and Their Metabolism

All of the following are byproducts of β-oxidation, except:

Which of the following processes is used to harden an oil to give a fat?

Indicate by asterisks the stereogenic centers present in each of the indicated terpenes in the following question(s). -Place asterisks: grandisol

How many molecules of acetyl CoA are produced in the catabolism of stearic acid?

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once. -A phosphoglyceride

All of the following describe β-oxidation, except:

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once. -A soap

The β-oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids is characterized by direct formation of:

When soaps disperse in water, the long hydrocarbon tails cluster together in a hydrophobic ball, while the ionic heads on the surface of the cluster stick out into the water. These spherical clusters are called:

Draw the structures of the major organic product(s) you would expect to obtain from reaction of androsterone with the reagents listed below. androsterone -Draw major product(s): POCl3, pyridine

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once. -A sphingolipid

Which of the following would be expected to be found in higher concentration in butter versus olive oil?

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once. -A terpenoid

Which of the following would function in a regulatory capacity?

How many passages through the β-oxidation pathway are required to completely degrade the following fatty acid? CH3(CH2)12CO2H

Draw the structures of the major organic product(s) you would expect to obtain from reaction of androsterone with the reagents listed below. androsterone -Draw major product(s): CH3COCl, pyridine

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once. -A triglyceride

Match each of the given terms to a structure from the list below. There is only one correct structure for each term, and structures may be used more than once. -An estrogen

Structure and Bonding

Polar Covalent Bonds; Acids and Bases

Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Organic Compounds: Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry at Tetrahedral Centers

An Overview of Organic Reactions

Alkenes and Alkynes

Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes

Aromatic Compounds

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Organohalides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and Eliminations

Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols; Ethers and Sulfides

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution and Condensation Reactions

Amines and Heterocycles

Biomolecules: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Amino Acid Metabolism

Biomolecules: Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Biomolecules: Nucleic Acids and Their Metabolism

Orbitals and Organic Chemistry: Pericyclic Reactionse

Synthetic Polymerse

Filters

Draw the structures of the major organic product(s) you would expect to obtain from reaction of androsterone with the reagents listed below. androsterone -Draw major product(s): POCl₃, pyridine

How many passages through the β-oxidation pathway are required to completely degrade the following fatty acid? CH₃(CH₂)₁₂CO₂H

Draw the structures of the major organic product(s) you would expect to obtain from reaction of androsterone with the reagents listed below. androsterone -Draw major product(s): CH₃COCl, pyridine