Question 1

In what form(s) is the fatty acid transported from the cytosol to the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  as a free fatty acid 
B)  as acetyl CoA 
C)  as acyl CoA 
D)  all of these 
A)  as a free fatty acid 
B)  as acetyl CoA 
C)  as acyl CoA 
D)  all of these

Question 2

The side chain of ornithine is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonpolar 
B)  polar but neutral 
C)  acidic 
D)  basic 
A)  nonpolar 
B)  polar but neutral 
C)  acidic 
D)  basic

Question 3

Ornithine, an amino acid which is not found in proteins, is most similar to which of the following amino acids, all of which are found in proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  arginine 
B)  cysteine 
C)  lysine 
D)  serine 
A)  arginine 
B)  cysteine 
C)  lysine 
D)  serine

Question 4

Which of the following is the energy production or consumption associated with the formation of one molecule of carbamoyl phosphate?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 molecules of ATP are produced 
B)  1 molecule of ATP is produced 
C)  1 molecule of ATP is consumed 
D)  2 molecules of ATP are consumed 
A)  2 molecules of ATP are produced 
B)  1 molecule of ATP is produced 
C)  1 molecule of ATP is consumed 
D)  2 molecules of ATP are consumed

Question 5

What is the name for the process in which glycogen is converted to glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  digestion 
B)  glucogenesis 
C)  glycogenolysis 
D)  none of these 
A)  digestion 
B)  glucogenesis 
C)  glycogenolysis 
D)  none of these

Question 6

The conversion of pyruvate of acetyl coenzyme A is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbonation 
B)  decarbonylation 
C)  oxidative decarboxylation 
D)  reductive decarboxylation 
A)  carbonation 
B)  decarbonylation 
C)  oxidative decarboxylation 
D)  reductive decarboxylation

Question 7

Which of the following is the oxidizing agent in the first oxidation step of β-oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  FAD 
B)  FADH2 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  NADH + H+ 
A)  FAD 
B)  FADH2 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  NADH + H+

Question 8

Which of the following is true if a diet provides an adequate supply of sugars?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of the energy required by the body is obtained from fatty acids. 
B)  The available supply of sugar has no effect on the β-oxidation pathway. 
C)  The β-oxidation pathway is inhibited. 
D)  The β-oxidation pathway is mobilized. 
A)  Most of the energy required by the body is obtained from fatty acids. 
B)  The available supply of sugar has no effect on the β-oxidation pathway. 
C)  The β-oxidation pathway is inhibited. 
D)  The β-oxidation pathway is mobilized.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of pyruvate kinase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is activated by ATP. 
B)  It plays a key regulatory role in glycolysis. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b 
A)  It is activated by ATP. 
B)  It plays a key regulatory role in glycolysis. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  neither a nor b

Question 10

Which of the following is the product of the first step of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  fructose 
B)  glucose 
C)  glucose 1-phosphate 
D)  glucose 6-phosphate 
A)  fructose 
B)  glucose 
C)  glucose 1-phosphate 
D)  glucose 6-phosphate

Question 11

Which of the following is true when comparing the β-oxidation of a naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid to that of a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is identical to the β-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid. 
B)  It involves an extra step to convert a cis double bond to a trans double bond. 
C)  It involves an extra step to convert a trans double bond to a cis double bond. 
D)  It proceeds by a totally different pathway. 
A)  It is identical to the β-oxidation of a saturated fatty acid. 
B)  It involves an extra step to convert a cis double bond to a trans double bond. 
C)  It involves an extra step to convert a trans double bond to a cis double bond. 
D)  It proceeds by a totally different pathway.

Question 12

The first three steps of glycolysis are collectively known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  activation 
B)  initiation 
C)  initialization 
D)  precursors 
A)  activation 
B)  initiation 
C)  initialization 
D)  precursors

Question 13

During the urea cycle some ATP is converted to ADP and some ATP is converted to AMP. Given that the conversion of ATP to AMP is thought of as equivalent to the consumption of 2 ATPs, what is the total ATP consumption of the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  6 
A)  3 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  6

Question 14

Which of the following is true of those steps of glycolysis which yield pyruvate as the end product?

Accepted Answer

A)  They all occur in the cytoplasm. 
B)  They all occur in the mitochondria. 
C)  They occur primarily in the cytoplasm. 
D)  They occur primarily in the mitochondria. 
A)  They all occur in the cytoplasm. 
B)  They all occur in the mitochondria. 
C)  They occur primarily in the cytoplasm. 
D)  They occur primarily in the mitochondria.

Question 15

What is the color of biliverdin?

Accepted Answer

A)  black 
B)  blue 
C)  green 
D)  yellow 
A)  black 
B)  blue 
C)  green 
D)  yellow

Question 16

The NADH + H+ produced during the catabolism of amino acids ultimately results in the production of how many molecules of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 17

What is produced by the metabolism of globin?

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  heme 
C)  bilirubin 
D)  all of these 
A)  amino acids 
B)  heme 
C)  bilirubin 
D)  all of these

Question 18

The following fatty acid enters the β-oxidation spiral.   and the product shown below is produced.   How many NAD+ are needed?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  5 
C)  4 
D)  1 
A)  10 
B)  5 
C)  4 
D)  1

Question 19

The final step of the urea cycle produces urea and which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  arginine 
B)  carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  citrulline 
D)  ornithine 
A)  arginine 
B)  carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  citrulline 
D)  ornithine

Question 20

The conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate requires which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP 
B)  ATP 
C)  NADH 
D)  NAD+ 
A)  ADP 
B)  ATP 
C)  NADH 
D)  NAD+

Exam 28: Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

In what form(s) is the fatty acid transported from the cytosol to the mitochondria?

The side chain of ornithine is which of the following?

Ornithine, an amino acid which is not found in proteins, is most similar to which of the following amino acids, all of which are found in proteins?

Which of the following is the energy production or consumption associated with the formation of one molecule of carbamoyl phosphate?

What is the name for the process in which glycogen is converted to glucose?

The conversion of pyruvate of acetyl coenzyme A is an example of which of the following?

Which of the following is the oxidizing agent in the first oxidation step of β-oxidation of fatty acids?

Which of the following is true if a diet provides an adequate supply of sugars?

Which of the following is true of pyruvate kinase?

Which of the following is the product of the first step of glycolysis?

Which of the following is true when comparing the β-oxidation of a naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid to that of a saturated fatty acid?

The first three steps of glycolysis are collectively known as which of the following?

During the urea cycle some ATP is converted to ADP and some ATP is converted to AMP. Given that the conversion of ATP to AMP is thought of as equivalent to the consumption of 2 ATPs, what is the total ATP consumption of the urea cycle?

Which of the following is true of those steps of glycolysis which yield pyruvate as the end product?

What is the color of biliverdin?

The NADH + H+ produced during the catabolism of amino acids ultimately results in the production of how many molecules of ATP?

What is produced by the metabolism of globin?

The following fatty acid enters the β-oxidation spiral. and the product shown below is produced. How many NAD+ are needed?

The final step of the urea cycle produces urea and which of the following?

The conversion of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate requires which of the following?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes and Alkynes

Benzene and Its Derivatives

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters

The NADH + H⁺ produced during the catabolism of amino acids ultimately results in the production of how many molecules of ATP?

The following fatty acid enters the β-oxidation spiral. and the product shown below is produced. How many NAD⁺ are needed?