Question 1

Which class(es)of compounds generates pyruvate as it is metabolized to acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

A) only fatty acids 
B) only proteins 
C) only carbohydrates 
D) proteins and carbohydrates 
E) fatty acids, proteins, and carbohydrates 
A) only fatty acids 
B) only proteins 
C) only carbohydrates 
D) proteins and carbohydrates 
E) fatty acids, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 2

_____ is the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources-lactate, amino acids, or glycerol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is the synthesis of glucose from...

Question 3

The complete catabolism of glucose forms _____ CO2 molecules and _____ ATP molecules.

Accepted Answer

six or 6;

Question 4

Many cancerous tumors depend largely on glycolysis to supply their energy needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Conceptually, gluconeogenesis is the reverse of glycolysis; that is, two molecules of pyruvate are converted to glucose by a stepwise pathway that passes through all of the same intermediates encountered in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid are formed during the complete catabolism of a saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)24CO2H (molar mass 397 g/mol)?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.0806 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
B) 0.297 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
C) 0.423 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
D) 0.443 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
E) 0.448 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
A) 0.0806 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
B) 0.297 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
C) 0.423 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
D) 0.443 moles ATP / g fatty acid 
E) 0.448 moles ATP / g fatty acid

Question 7

Glycolysis is an anaerobic pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The overall result of transamination and oxidative deamination is to remove an amino group from an amino acid and form an ammonium ion, NH4+.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

_____ is the main source of energy for cells and the only source of energy used by the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is the main source of energy...

Question 10

The first three steps of glycolysis add three phosphate groups to glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the products formed in the transamination reaction shown?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 12

Which compound can rise to dangerously high levels in individuals with galactosemia?

Accepted Answer

A) galactase 
B) glucose 1-phosphate 
C) galactose 
D) galactose 6-phosphate 
A) galactase 
B) glucose 1-phosphate 
C) galactose 
D) galactose 6-phosphate

Question 13

Gluconeogenesis is simply the reverse of glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which factors increase the rate of gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) high glycogen reserves 
B) low carbohydrate diet 
C) high carbohydrate diet 
D) low oxygen concentration 
A) high glycogen reserves 
B) low carbohydrate diet 
C) high carbohydrate diet 
D) low oxygen concentration

Question 15

Step [7] of glycolysis is shown below. Which statement concerning this step is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydrolysis of ATP provides the necessary energy for the removal of a phosphate group from 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate. 
B) The formation of 3-phosphoglycerate provides the necessary energy for the phosphorylation of ADP. 
C) The energy required in the hydrolysis of 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate is stored in ADP. 
D) The hydrolysis of 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate is an unfavorable reaction. 
A) The hydrolysis of ATP provides the necessary energy for the removal of a phosphate group from 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate. 
B) The formation of 3-phosphoglycerate provides the necessary energy for the phosphorylation of ADP. 
C) The energy required in the hydrolysis of 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate is stored in ADP. 
D) The hydrolysis of 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate is an unfavorable reaction.

Question 16

How is the amino group of an amino acid lost as a result of transamination and oxidative deamination?

Accepted Answer

A) NH2- 
B) NH3 
C) NH4+ 
D) CH3NH2 
A) NH2- 
B) NH3 
C) NH4+ 
D) CH3NH2

Question 17

What is the starting material in step [1] in gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) galactose 
C) pyruvate 
D) lactate 
E) acetyl CoA 
A) glucose 
B) galactose 
C) pyruvate 
D) lactate 
E) acetyl CoA

Question 18

Which food product does not rely on fermentation for its production?

Accepted Answer

A) cheese 
B) beer 
C) yogurt 
D) yeast bread 
E) All of the food products listed above rely on fermentation for their production. 
A) cheese 
B) beer 
C) yogurt 
D) yeast bread 
E) All of the food products listed above rely on fermentation for their production.

Question 19

Which is not a step in the Cori cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) The catabolism of glucose in muscle forms pyruvate, which is reduced to lactate when the oxygen supply is limited. 
B) Lactate is transported to the liver. 
C) Oxidation of lactate forms pyruvate, which is then converted to glucose by the 10-step process of gluconeogenesis. 
D) Pyruvate and NAD+ are transported to the muscle. 
A) The catabolism of glucose in muscle forms pyruvate, which is reduced to lactate when the oxygen supply is limited. 
B) Lactate is transported to the liver. 
C) Oxidation of lactate forms pyruvate, which is then converted to glucose by the 10-step process of gluconeogenesis. 
D) Pyruvate and NAD+ are transported to the muscle.

Question 20

The reduction of acetaldehyde, shown below, is the last step in the fermentation process. What is the product of the reduction of acetaldehyde?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Exam 24: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Which class(es)of compounds generates pyruvate as it is metabolized to acetyl CoA?

_____ is the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources-lactate, amino acids, or glycerol.

The complete catabolism of glucose forms _____ CO2 molecules and _____ ATP molecules.

Many cancerous tumors depend largely on glycolysis to supply their energy needs.

Conceptually, gluconeogenesis is the reverse of glycolysis; that is, two molecules of pyruvate are converted to glucose by a stepwise pathway that passes through all of the same intermediates encountered in glycolysis.

How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid are formed during the complete catabolism of a saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)24CO2H (molar mass 397 g/mol)?

Glycolysis is an anaerobic pathway.

The overall result of transamination and oxidative deamination is to remove an amino group from an amino acid and form an ammonium ion, NH4+.

_____ is the main source of energy for cells and the only source of energy used by the brain.

The first three steps of glycolysis add three phosphate groups to glucose.

What are the products formed in the transamination reaction shown?

Which compound can rise to dangerously high levels in individuals with galactosemia?

Gluconeogenesis is simply the reverse of glycolysis.

Which factors increase the rate of gluconeogenesis?

Step [7] of glycolysis is shown below. Which statement concerning this step is true?

How is the amino group of an amino acid lost as a result of transamination and oxidative deamination?

What is the starting material in step [1] in gluconeogenesis?

Which food product does not rely on fermentation for its production?

Which is not a step in the Cori cycle?

The reduction of acetaldehyde, shown below, is the last step in the fermentation process. What is the product of the reduction of acetaldehyde?

Matter and Measurement

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Covalent Compounds

Chemical Reactions

Energy Changes, Reaction Rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups

Alkanes

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Organic Compounds That Contain Oxygen, Halogen, or Sulfur

The Three-Dimensional Shape of Molecules

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides

Amines and Neurotransmitters

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Digestion and the Conversion of Food Into Energy

Filters

The complete catabolism of glucose forms _ CO₂ molecules and _ ATP molecules.

How many moles of ATP per gram of fatty acid are formed during the complete catabolism of a saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula CH₃(CH₂)₂₄CO₂H (molar mass 397 g/mol)?

The overall result of transamination and oxidative deamination is to remove an amino group from an amino acid and form an ammonium ion, NH₄⁺.