Question 1

How many different trinucleotides can be formed from one guanine, one uracil, and one adenine?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 18 
E) 27 
A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 18 
E) 27 C

Question 2

DNA isolated from human cheek cells was found to contain 21% guanine. Which statement concerning the base composition of this DNA sample is true?

Accepted Answer

A) It contains 79% cytosine. 
B) It contains 21% adenine, 21% cytosine, and 21% thymine. 
C) It contains 21% cytosine, 29% adenine, and 29% thymine. 
D) It is impossible to say anything specific about the percentages of adenine, cytosine, and thymine without further analysis of composition. 
A) It contains 79% cytosine. 
B) It contains 21% adenine, 21% cytosine, and 21% thymine. 
C) It contains 21% cytosine, 29% adenine, and 29% thymine. 
D) It is impossible to say anything specific about the percentages of adenine, cytosine, and thymine without further analysis of composition. C

Question 3

Each individual tRNA contains _____

Accepted Answer

A) a base sequence that is identical to the informational strand of DNA. 
B) the sequence of codons that determines the order of amino acids in the protein. 
C) an anticodon of three nucleotides that is complementary to the codon in mRNA and identifies individual amino acids. 
D) an anticodon complementary to any of the three stop codons. 
A) a base sequence that is identical to the informational strand of DNA. 
B) the sequence of codons that determines the order of amino acids in the protein. 
C) an anticodon of three nucleotides that is complementary to the codon in mRNA and identifies individual amino acids. 
D) an anticodon complementary to any of the three stop codons. C

Question 4

If a single strand of a gene contains 726 bases, 242 amino acids will make up the polypeptide prepared from it, assuming every base of the gene is transcribed and then translated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino acid histidine (His). The anticodon loop of the tRNA molecule that carries His to the ribosomes contains the sequence _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino...

Question 6

Which statement concerning the replication of DNA is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) The first step in replication is unwinding the DNA to expose the bases on each strand. 
B) A new phosphodiester bond is formed between the 5'-phosphate of the nucleoside triphosphate and the 3'-OH group of the new DNA strand. 
C) Replication occurs in only one direction on the template strand, from the 5' end to the 3' end. 
D) In replication, the lagging strand is synthesized in small fragments which are then joined together by a DNA ligase enzyme. 
A) The first step in replication is unwinding the DNA to expose the bases on each strand. 
B) A new phosphodiester bond is formed between the 5'-phosphate of the nucleoside triphosphate and the 3'-OH group of the new DNA strand. 
C) Replication occurs in only one direction on the template strand, from the 5' end to the 3' end. 
D) In replication, the lagging strand is synthesized in small fragments which are then joined together by a DNA ligase enzyme.

Question 7

The nucleic acid DNA stores the genetic information of a particular organism, while the nucleic acid RNA translates this genetic information into the synthesis of proteins needed by cells for proper function and development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

There was a mix-up in the hospital nursery and there is a question as to which baby belongs to a set of new parents. The given gel contains the DNA fingerprint of the new mother (Lane 1), the new father (Lane 2), and two infants (Lanes 3 and 4). The DNA fingerprinting indicated that the infant tested in Lane 4 is the child of these parents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Insulin, a hormone used by millions of individuals with diabetes, was the first genetically engineered protein available in significant quantities by recombinant DNA methods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is the abbreviation of the structure shown below?

Accepted Answer

A) GMP 
B) AMP 
C) CMP 
D) TMP 
A) GMP 
B) AMP 
C) CMP 
D) TMP

Question 11

If 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA contain the base adenine (A), then 22% of the nucleotides in the same sample of DNA contain the base guanine (G).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which is not one of the elements needed to amplify DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

Accepted Answer

A) two primers-short polynucleotides that are complementary to the two ends of the segment to be amplified 
B) a restriction endonuclease enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific locations 
C) the segment of DNA that must be copied 
D) a DNA polymerase enzyme that will catalyze the synthesis of a complementary strand of DNA from a template strand 
E) nucleoside triphosphates that serve as the source of the nucleotides A, T, C, and G needed in the synthesis of the new strands of DNA 
A) two primers-short polynucleotides that are complementary to the two ends of the segment to be amplified 
B) a restriction endonuclease enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific locations 
C) the segment of DNA that must be copied 
D) a DNA polymerase enzyme that will catalyze the synthesis of a complementary strand of DNA from a template strand 
E) nucleoside triphosphates that serve as the source of the nucleotides A, T, C, and G needed in the synthesis of the new strands of DNA

Question 13

How are the correct amino acids brought to the ribosomes for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

The correct amino acids are brought to t

Question 14

A gene is a portion of a DNA molecule responsible for the synthesis of a single protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which base is at the 5' end of the structure shown?

Accepted Answer

A) Adenine 
B) Cytosine 
C) Guanine 
D) Thymine 
E) Uracil 
A) Adenine 
B) Cytosine 
C) Guanine 
D) Thymine 
E) Uracil

Question 16

Which is the smallest type of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) dRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) rRNA 
A) mRNA 
B) dRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) rRNA

Question 17

Which amino acid sequence is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5' AAG GCU AGU GGC 3'?

Accepted Answer

A) Thr-His-Asn-Asp 
B) Lys-Ala-Ser-Gly 
C) Asp-Asn-His-Thr 
D) Gly-Ser-Ala-Lys 
A) Thr-His-Asn-Asp 
B) Lys-Ala-Ser-Gly 
C) Asp-Asn-His-Thr 
D) Gly-Ser-Ala-Lys

Question 18

Individual mRNAs bring specific amino acids to add to the growing peptide chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which is not one of the three stages in translation?

Accepted Answer

A) termination 
B) initiation 
C) elongation 
D) mutation 
A) termination 
B) initiation 
C) elongation 
D) mutation

Question 20

Which is the structure of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Exam 22: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

How many different trinucleotides can be formed from one guanine, one uracil, and one adenine?

DNA isolated from human cheek cells was found to contain 21% guanine. Which statement concerning the base composition of this DNA sample is true?

Each individual tRNA contains _____

If a single strand of a gene contains 726 bases, 242 amino acids will make up the polypeptide prepared from it, assuming every base of the gene is transcribed and then translated.

The mRNA codon CAU specifies the amino acid histidine (His). The anticodon loop of the tRNA molecule that carries His to the ribosomes contains the sequence _____.

Which statement concerning the replication of DNA is not true?

The nucleic acid DNA stores the genetic information of a particular organism, while the nucleic acid RNA translates this genetic information into the synthesis of proteins needed by cells for proper function and development.

Insulin, a hormone used by millions of individuals with diabetes, was the first genetically engineered protein available in significant quantities by recombinant DNA methods.

What is the abbreviation of the structure shown below?

If 22% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA contain the base adenine (A), then 22% of the nucleotides in the same sample of DNA contain the base guanine (G).

Which is not one of the elements needed to amplify DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

How are the correct amino acids brought to the ribosomes for protein synthesis?

A gene is a portion of a DNA molecule responsible for the synthesis of a single protein.

Which base is at the 5' end of the structure shown?

Which is the smallest type of RNA?

Which amino acid sequence is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5' AAG GCU AGU GGC 3'?

Individual mRNAs bring specific amino acids to add to the growing peptide chain.

Which is not one of the three stages in translation?

Which is the structure of ATP?

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