Question 1

A/An _____ mutation is the substitution of one nucleotide for another.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A/An _____ mutation is the substitution of...

Question 2

The double-stranded DNA helices wind around a core of protein molecules called _____ to form a chain of _____.

Accepted Answer

histones;

Question 3

In the transcription "cartoon" shown, the direction of transcription is from right to left.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

_____ is synthetic DNA that contains segments from more than one source.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is synthetic DNA that contains segments...

Question 5

Which structure represents a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mRNA in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) to serve as a coenzyme in the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of proteins 
B) to serve as the template strand in the synthesis of DNA 
C) to transcribe the instructions for protein synthesis from DNA and carry this information to the ribosomes 
D) to transport amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis 
A) to serve as a coenzyme in the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of proteins 
B) to serve as the template strand in the synthesis of DNA 
C) to transcribe the instructions for protein synthesis from DNA and carry this information to the ribosomes 
D) to transport amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis

Question 7

When a mutation causes a protein deficiency or results in a defective protein, and the condition is inherited from one generation to another, a genetic disease results.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which statement about RNA codons is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) It is possible for two different codons to code for the same amino acid. 
B) There are 64 different codons. 
C) Three codons are "stop" codons, signaling the termination of protein synthesis. 
D) Three codons are "start" codons, signaling the start of protein synthesis. 
A) It is possible for two different codons to code for the same amino acid. 
B) There are 64 different codons. 
C) Three codons are "stop" codons, signaling the termination of protein synthesis. 
D) Three codons are "start" codons, signaling the start of protein synthesis.

Question 9

Almost any type of cell-skin, saliva, semen, blood, etc.-can be used to obtain a DNA fingerprint of an individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which sequence has a purine base at the 3' end?

Accepted Answer

A) TCTAG 
B) AUCCT 
C) GUGCCU 
D) CCTTC 
A) TCTAG 
B) AUCCT 
C) GUGCCU 
D) CCTTC

Question 11

Cidofovir (structure shown)is an antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis in patients with AIDS that suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. Cidofovir contains the nucleoside cytidine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

DNA is a double-stranded nucleic acid that exists as a double helix. Which is responsible for holding the double helix of DNA together?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphodiester bonds between complementary base pairs on each strand 
B) $\beta$-N-glycosidic linkages between the sugar-phosphate backbone of each strand 
C) disulfide bonds between the cysteine residues on each strand 
D) hydrogen bonding between complementary bases on each strand 
A) phosphodiester bonds between complementary base pairs on each strand 
B) $\beta$-N-glycosidic linkages between the sugar-phosphate backbone of each strand 
C) disulfide bonds between the cysteine residues on each strand 
D) hydrogen bonding between complementary bases on each strand

Question 13

The dipeptide produced from the DNA segment CAGCTA is the same as the dipeptide from the DNA segment CAGCTG.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which is not a type of RNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) dRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) rRNA 
A) mRNA 
B) dRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) rRNA

Question 15

Which sequence is not possible?

Accepted Answer

A) GAGAA 
B) TAGGG 
C) UTAGA 
D) CCCCC 
A) GAGAA 
B) TAGGG 
C) UTAGA 
D) CCCCC

Question 16

A DNA sequence segment is initially AAA ATG TGA CCC. Which mutation would have the most significant effect on the resultant protein synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A) AAG ATG TGA CCC 
B) AAA ATT TGA CCC 
C) AAA ATG GAC CCU 
D) AAA ATG TGA CGC 
A) AAG ATG TGA CCC 
B) AAA ATT TGA CCC 
C) AAA ATG GAC CCU 
D) AAA ATG TGA CGC

Question 17

For the DNA segment 3'-ACCTGCCTACCCG-5', the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized is 5'-UGGACGGAUGGGC-3'.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A triplet codon is a sequence of three amino acids in a protein that signals for transcription.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What polypeptide would be synthesized from the following template strand of DNA: 3' CGG AGA CGG ACG 5'?

Accepted Answer

A) Ala-Ser-Ala-Cys 
B) Arg-Arg-Arg-Cys 
C) Gln-Lys-Gln-Met 
D) Ala - Ser - Ala - Thr 
E) Cys-Ala-Ser-Ala 
A) Ala-Ser-Ala-Cys 
B) Arg-Arg-Arg-Cys 
C) Gln-Lys-Gln-Met 
D) Ala - Ser - Ala - Thr 
E) Cys-Ala-Ser-Ala

Question 20

Which nucleotide abbreviation is not valid?

Accepted Answer

A) dAMP 
B) AMP 
C) dUMP 
D) CMP 
A) dAMP 
B) AMP 
C) dUMP 
D) CMP

Exam 22: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

A/An _____ mutation is the substitution of one nucleotide for another.

The double-stranded DNA helices wind around a core of protein molecules called _____ to form a chain of _____.

In the transcription "cartoon" shown, the direction of transcription is from right to left.

_____ is synthetic DNA that contains segments from more than one source.

Which structure represents a nucleotide?

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mRNA in a cell?

When a mutation causes a protein deficiency or results in a defective protein, and the condition is inherited from one generation to another, a genetic disease results.

Which statement about RNA codons is not true?

Almost any type of cell-skin, saliva, semen, blood, etc.-can be used to obtain a DNA fingerprint of an individual.

Which sequence has a purine base at the 3' end?

Cidofovir (structure shown)is an antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis in patients with AIDS that suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis. Cidofovir contains the nucleoside cytidine.

DNA is a double-stranded nucleic acid that exists as a double helix. Which is responsible for holding the double helix of DNA together?

The dipeptide produced from the DNA segment CAGCTA is the same as the dipeptide from the DNA segment CAGCTG.

Which is not a type of RNA molecule?

Which sequence is not possible?

A DNA sequence segment is initially AAA ATG TGA CCC. Which mutation would have the most significant effect on the resultant protein synthesized?

For the DNA segment 3'-ACCTGCCTACCCG-5', the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized is 5'-UGGACGGAUGGGC-3'.

A triplet codon is a sequence of three amino acids in a protein that signals for transcription.

What polypeptide would be synthesized from the following template strand of DNA: 3' CGG AGA CGG ACG 5'?

Which nucleotide abbreviation is not valid?

Matter and Measurement

Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ionic Compounds

Covalent Compounds

Chemical Reactions

Energy Changes, Reaction Rates, and Equilibrium

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups

Alkanes

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Organic Compounds That Contain Oxygen, Halogen, or Sulfur

The Three-Dimensional Shape of Molecules

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides

Amines and Neurotransmitters

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Digestion and the Conversion of Food Into Energy

Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Filters

The double-stranded DNA helices wind around a core of protein molecules called _ to form a chain of _.