Exam 17: Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides

The first step in the metabolism of a triacylglycerol is hydrolysis of the ester bonds to form glycerol and three fatty acids in a reaction called a simple ester hydrolysis. In the cells of the body, this reaction is catalyzed by acids.

Heating a carboxylic acid with a primary amine forms water along with what organic product?

The contents on a bottle of hand lotion list octyl palmitate as an ingredient. Based on its name, the functional group in octyl palmitate is a(n)_____.

Clavulanic acid (structure shown)is a drug used in conjunction with some antibiotics to overcome certain types of antibiotic resistance. Which of these functional groups is NOT contained in clavulanic acid?

Dissolving soap in water forms spherical droplets called _____.

The psychoactive drug benzodiazepine (structure shown)contains two amide groups.

When soap is mixed with water, the nonpolar hydrocarbon tails dissolve the dirt on the exterior of micelles.

What products are formed in the acid hydrolysis of the ester shown below?

(CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH has a lower boiling point than CH₃CH₂COOH.

A lactam can be a primary amide.

Polyesters are condensation polymers.

What is the IUPAC name of the compound below?

Aspirin relieves pain and decreases inflammation because it prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins, the compounds responsible for both of these physiological responses.

The compound 3-chloro-2-hydroxybutanoic acid is an $\alpha$ -hydroxy acid.

The ester below contains a propoxy group.

When the compound below reacts with water in the presence of HCl, ethanol and acetic acid are formed.

Which statement is not true?

Penicillin acts as an antibiotic by reacting with an enzyme needed to synthesize the cell nucleus of a bacterium.

The compound below is an example of a lactam.

When trimethylamine is heated up with propanoic acid, an amide is formed.