Question 1

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Accepted Answer

A)  developing alternatives 
B)  defining the problem 
C)  identifying the decision criteria 
D)  weighing the decision criteria 
E)  collecting relevant data 
A)  developing alternatives 
B)  defining the problem 
C)  identifying the decision criteria 
D)  weighing the decision criteria 
E)  collecting relevant data B

Question 2

Our perception of a target is affected by the characteristics of the target and not by our personality and past experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  continuity 
B)  integrity 
C)  stability 
D)  flexibility 
E)  distinctiveness 
A)  continuity 
B)  integrity 
C)  stability 
D)  flexibility 
E)  distinctiveness E

Question 4

Which of the following is a component of the three-component model of creativity that encompasses certain personality characteristics of an individual such as the ability to use analogies?

Accepted Answer

A)  expertise 
B)  creative thinking skills 
C)  intrinsic task motivation 
D)  intuition 
E)  selective perception 
A)  expertise 
B)  creative thinking skills 
C)  intrinsic task motivation 
D)  intuition 
E)  selective perception

Question 5

Which of the following types of biases in decision making represents the tendency of decision makers to prefer a sure thing?

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias 
B)  bounded rationality 
C)  escalation of commitment 
D)  selective perception 
E)  risk aversion 
A)  hindsight bias 
B)  bounded rationality 
C)  escalation of commitment 
D)  selective perception 
E)  risk aversion

Question 6

Gene is regarded by his peers as an extremely creative designer of watercraft. He attributes much of his success to his family: he was raised by a traditional boat builder and from a very early age was surrounded by boats and the people who made them. To what element of the three-component model of creativity does Gene attribute his success?

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitiveness 
B)  external locus of control 
C)  task motivation 
D)  expertise 
E)  creative thinking skills 
A)  intuitiveness 
B)  external locus of control 
C)  task motivation 
D)  expertise 
E)  creative thinking skills

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It protects the interests of the underrepresented and less powerful. 
B)  It reduces productivity and efficiency. 
C)  It promotes decision making that is consistent with fundamental liberties and privileges, as set forth in documents such as the Bill of Rights. 
D)  The utilitarianism view dominates business decision making. 
E)  It imposes and enforces rules fairly and impartially. 
A)  It protects the interests of the underrepresented and less powerful. 
B)  It reduces productivity and efficiency. 
C)  It promotes decision making that is consistent with fundamental liberties and privileges, as set forth in documents such as the Bill of Rights. 
D)  The utilitarianism view dominates business decision making. 
E)  It imposes and enforces rules fairly and impartially.

Question 8

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores ________, we tend to attribute it to internal causes.

Accepted Answer

A)  low on consistency 
B)  high on traceability 
C)  low on distinctiveness 
D)  high on consensus 
E)  low on flexibility 
A)  low on consistency 
B)  high on traceability 
C)  low on distinctiveness 
D)  high on consensus 
E)  low on flexibility

Question 9

The rational decision-making model takes into consideration the fact that all the information pertaining to the problem might not be available to the decision maker.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

All organizations create rules and policies to program decisions and get individuals to act in the intended manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The relationship of a target to its background influences our perception of that target.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

You are the manager of a development group in a large computer software company. You have decided that it is important for your group to understand the many ways that ethical decisions can be made and you are designing a training program on the subject of ethics.
-Martha submitted a formal complaint to OSHA about unsafe work conditions in her company's warehouse. Martha is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  utilitarian thinker 
B)  judge 
C)  creative thinker 
D)  whistle-blower 
E)  humanitarian 
A)  utilitarian thinker 
B)  judge 
C)  creative thinker 
D)  whistle-blower 
E)  humanitarian

Question 13

It was Marisol's first day at work. At first she was very nervous, but when she was introduced to her cubicle neighbor, Hanna, she was reassured by Hanna's soothing smile. Marisol thought that a person with such a beautiful smile could not be bad, and that she would enjoy having her in such close proximity. Which of the following concepts best describes this example?

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast effect 
B)  fundamental attribution error 
C)  halo effect 
D)  selective perception 
E)  self-serving bias 
A)  contrast effect 
B)  fundamental attribution error 
C)  halo effect 
D)  selective perception 
E)  self-serving bias

Question 14

List and explain any four decision biases or errors.

Accepted Answer

a) Overconfidence Bias. When we're given

Question 15

Jennifer has already presented two excellent reports. The third report she has just presented is clearly not as good as the first two reports, yet she is given the same high grade as before. What shortcut has the teacher used in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)  the contrast effect 
B)  the halo effect 
C)  stereotyping 
D)  the framing effect 
E)  the hindsight bias 
A)  the contrast effect 
B)  the halo effect 
C)  stereotyping 
D)  the framing effect 
E)  the hindsight bias

Question 16

We tend to accept at face value information that confirms our preconceived views, while we are critical and skeptical of information that challenges these views.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The more optimistic the entrepreneurs, the less successful the performance of their new ventures. Which of the following systematic biases and errors creep into their judgments?

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias 
B)  anchoring bias 
C)  confirmation bias 
D)  availability bias 
E)  overconfidence bias 
A)  hindsight bias 
B)  anchoring bias 
C)  confirmation bias 
D)  availability bias 
E)  overconfidence bias

Question 18

Cultural differences in attribution tendencies mean the basic concepts of attribution and blame completely differ across cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the influence of external factors and underestimate the influence of internal or personal factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding the rational decision-making model?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rational decision-making model takes into consideration the limited information-processing capability of individuals. 
B)  Rational decision-making models involve constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity. 
C)  The rational decision-making model involves satisficing; seek solutions that are satisfactory and sufficient. 
D)  The rational decision-making model assumes that an individual is able to identify all the relevant options in an unbiased manner. 
E)  The rational decision-making process is an unconscious one created from distilled experience. 
A)  The rational decision-making model takes into consideration the limited information-processing capability of individuals. 
B)  Rational decision-making models involve constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity. 
C)  The rational decision-making model involves satisficing; seek solutions that are satisfactory and sufficient. 
D)  The rational decision-making model assumes that an individual is able to identify all the relevant options in an unbiased manner. 
E)  The rational decision-making process is an unconscious one created from distilled experience.

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Our perception of a target is affected by the characteristics of the target and not by our personality and past experiences.

With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?

Which of the following is a component of the three-component model of creativity that encompasses certain personality characteristics of an individual such as the ability to use analogies?

Which of the following types of biases in decision making represents the tendency of decision makers to prefer a sure thing?

Which of the following statements is true regarding utilitarianism?

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores ________, we tend to attribute it to internal causes.

The rational decision-making model takes into consideration the fact that all the information pertaining to the problem might not be available to the decision maker.

All organizations create rules and policies to program decisions and get individuals to act in the intended manner.

The relationship of a target to its background influences our perception of that target.

List and explain any four decision biases or errors.

Jennifer has already presented two excellent reports. The third report she has just presented is clearly not as good as the first two reports, yet she is given the same high grade as before. What shortcut has the teacher used in this case?

We tend to accept at face value information that confirms our preconceived views, while we are critical and skeptical of information that challenges these views.

The more optimistic the entrepreneurs, the less successful the performance of their new ventures. Which of the following systematic biases and errors creep into their judgments?

Cultural differences in attribution tendencies mean the basic concepts of attribution and blame completely differ across cultures.

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the influence of external factors and underestimate the influence of internal or personal factors.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the rational decision-making model?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Motivation Concepts

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters

Exam 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making

What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Our perception of a target is affected by the characteristics of the target and not by our personality and past experiences.

With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?

Which of the following is a component of the three-component model of creativity that encompasses certain personality characteristics of an individual such as the ability to use analogies?

Which of the following types of biases in decision making represents the tendency of decision makers to prefer a sure thing?

Which of the following statements is true regarding utilitarianism?

According to the attribution theory, if a behavior scores ________, we tend to attribute it to internal causes.

The rational decision-making model takes into consideration the fact that all the information pertaining to the problem might not be available to the decision maker.

All organizations create rules and policies to program decisions and get individuals to act in the intended manner.

The relationship of a target to its background influences our perception of that target.

List and explain any four decision biases or errors.

Jennifer has already presented two excellent reports. The third report she has just presented is clearly not as good as the first two reports, yet she is given the same high grade as before. What shortcut has the teacher used in this case?

We tend to accept at face value information that confirms our preconceived views, while we are critical and skeptical of information that challenges these views.

The more optimistic the entrepreneurs, the less successful the performance of their new ventures. Which of the following systematic biases and errors creep into their judgments?

Cultural differences in attribution tendencies mean the basic concepts of attribution and blame completely differ across cultures.

When we make judgments about the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the influence of external factors and underestimate the influence of internal or personal factors.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the rational decision-making model?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Motivation Concepts

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters