Exam 27: the Earths Interior, Revisited: Seismic Layering, Gravity, and the Magnetic Field

You are studying the seismic data from Mars when you notice that there are no S-waves recorded from 130° through 180° on the opposite side of the planet.What does this information tell you about the interior of Mars?

If a ship weighs 52,000 tons and is in isostatic equilibrium when 6,000 tons of cargo is added,what is the total mass of water that will be displaced by the ship after the cargo is added?

If a S-wave is traveling through sandstone and then encounters peridotite,the S-wave will ________.

If you measure the magnetization of an area of igneous rocks and find a large negative anomaly,what does that imply about the rocks?

Why would the gravity anomaly over a deep-ocean trench be negative?

The time it takes for a seismic wave to travel from the focus to a seismometer is called the ________.

During the last ice age,continental glaciers covered significant portions of the North American continent.In the context of Archimedes' principle,what effect would these glaciers have had on the lithosphere relative to the asthenosphere? How was isostatic equilibrium achieved?

If a P-wave is traveling through the Earth and encounters a molten magma chamber,what will happen to the velocity of the P-wave?

In the following graph,why does the line for S-waves NOT appear in the outer core?

Why are magnetic anomalies of continental crust so much more complicated than those of oceanic crust?

Imagine that you are an economic geologist,trying to find copper resources.How might gravity anomalies help you?

The core consists of two layers: the ________ inner core and ________ outer core.

Kilauea Volcano in Hawaii has been erupting large volumes of basaltic lava over the past few decades.Would the magnetic anomaly associated with this recent volcanism be positive or negative? Why?

If a P-wave is traveling up from a layer of mantle peridotite to a layer of limestone crust,what will happen to the P-wave in terms of speed and direction of motion? Why?

The graph below shows the change in velocity of seismic waves with depth in the crust.Why does the velocity of the P-wave drop drastically at the core-mantle boundary?

The Earth's gravity is best represented by an equipotential surface that contains bumps and depressions where areas of higher or lower gravity appear over the Earth.This representation is called the ________.

The Earth's magnetic field is produced in the ________.

Seismic waves travel ________ in solids than in liquids; however,unlike P-waves,S-waves ________ travel through liquids.

Which of the following best describes how scientists study the interior of the Earth?

If a seismic wave is refracted upward at a boundary,what can be said about the material the wave is traveling through?