Question 1

Which of the following is a direct result of the Earth's internal energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  uplift 
B)  deposition 
C)  erosion 
D)  gravity 
A)  uplift 
B)  deposition 
C)  erosion 
D)  gravity A

Question 2

How does water get from the atmosphere into the groundwater system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precipitation falls into rivers and then flows downriver into the groundwater system. 
B)  Precipitation falls on the ground and infiltrates the ground surface to the groundwater system. 
C)  Water from the ocean is sucked up into the groundwater system due to a pressure difference. 
D)  Plants secrete water into the groundwater system in a process called evapotranspiration. 
A)  Precipitation falls into rivers and then flows downriver into the groundwater system. 
B)  Precipitation falls on the ground and infiltrates the ground surface to the groundwater system. 
C)  Water from the ocean is sucked up into the groundwater system due to a pressure difference. 
D)  Plants secrete water into the groundwater system in a process called evapotranspiration. B

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why the Moon's surface has remained largely unchanged for billions of years?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rocks of the Moon's surface are stronger than those on the Earth,making them resistant to weathering and erosion. 
B)  The Moon does not have a hydrologic cycle,and thus erosion does not take place. 
C)  The absence of life on the Moon has left its surface untouched since formation. 
D)  Erosion on the Moon is dominated by wind,which operates at much slower speeds than water erosion. 
A)  The rocks of the Moon's surface are stronger than those on the Earth,making them resistant to weathering and erosion. 
B)  The Moon does not have a hydrologic cycle,and thus erosion does not take place. 
C)  The absence of life on the Moon has left its surface untouched since formation. 
D)  Erosion on the Moon is dominated by wind,which operates at much slower speeds than water erosion. B

Question 4

Climate affects landscape development by controlling

Accepted Answer

A)  the composition of the substrate. 
B)  the amount of water available on the Earth. 
C)  the resistance of the sediments deposited. 
D)  the rate of erosion. 
A)  the composition of the substrate. 
B)  the amount of water available on the Earth. 
C)  the resistance of the sediments deposited. 
D)  the rate of erosion.

Question 5

Below is an oblique view showing landforms on Mars.What process is most likely responsible for creating this landscape?

Accepted Answer

A)  glacial carving 
B)  deposition 
C)  flowing water 
D)  burrowing 
A)  glacial carving 
B)  deposition 
C)  flowing water 
D)  burrowing

Question 6

What type of landforms might you expect to find if the climate in an area is very warm and wet?

Accepted Answer

A)  valleys 
B)  glacial hills 
C)  mesas 
D)  sand dunes 
A)  valleys 
B)  glacial hills 
C)  mesas 
D)  sand dunes

Question 7

The difference in elevation in an area is called

Accepted Answer

A)  erosion. 
B)  deposition. 
C)  relief. 
D)  landform. 
A)  erosion. 
B)  deposition. 
C)  relief. 
D)  landform.

Question 8

Landforms built by an accumulation of sediment are called ________ landforms.

Accepted Answer

A)  erosional 
B)  depositional 
C)  mechanical 
D)  glacial 
A)  erosional 
B)  depositional 
C)  mechanical 
D)  glacial

Question 9

What is a landform and how is it linked to the landscape?

Accepted Answer

A landform is an individual fe

Question 10

What is the ultimate control of the development of the landscape,the large road cut,in the following picture?

Accepted Answer

A)  climate 
B)  human activity 
C)  time 
D)  relief 
A)  climate 
B)  human activity 
C)  time 
D)  relief

Question 11

If erosion is occurring in an area of weak rock,what would you expect the landscape to look like?

Accepted Answer

A)  gentle hills 
B)  steep cliffs 
C)  uplifted terraces 
D)  vertical canyons 
A)  gentle hills 
B)  steep cliffs 
C)  uplifted terraces 
D)  vertical canyons

Question 12

Why do scientists believe there was once liquid water on Mars?

Accepted Answer

A)  Depositional landforms are seen on Mars,but not erosional landforms. 
B)  Landforms such as river channels and sandbars are seen on Mars. 
C)  Large depressions are seen on Mars that were once large lakes. 
D)  Evidence of marine life has been found in the rocks on Mars. 
A)  Depositional landforms are seen on Mars,but not erosional landforms. 
B)  Landforms such as river channels and sandbars are seen on Mars. 
C)  Large depressions are seen on Mars that were once large lakes. 
D)  Evidence of marine life has been found in the rocks on Mars.

Question 13

Which of the following does NOT affect landscape development?

Accepted Answer

A)  distance from mountains 
B)  climate in the area 
C)  amount of time 
D)  amount of erosion 
A)  distance from mountains 
B)  climate in the area 
C)  amount of time 
D)  amount of erosion

Question 14

Which progression best describes how water goes from the ocean to a river?

Accepted Answer

A)  evaporation -> precipitation -> infiltration into the ground 
B)  evaporation -> precipitation -> runoff 
C)  evaporation -> precipitation -> evapotranspiration 
D)  evapotranspiration -> runoff -> precipitation 
A)  evaporation -> precipitation -> infiltration into the ground 
B)  evaporation -> precipitation -> runoff 
C)  evaporation -> precipitation -> evapotranspiration 
D)  evapotranspiration -> runoff -> precipitation

Question 15

What process created the terrace that forms the cliff in the picture below?

Accepted Answer

A)  subsidence 
B)  deposition 
C)  uplift 
D)  relief 
A)  subsidence 
B)  deposition 
C)  uplift 
D)  relief

Question 16

What circumstance is likely to produce depositional landforms?

Accepted Answer

A)  flash flooding of a river in the desert 
B)  a river flowing out of a lake 
C)  a river entering a large body of water 
D)  ocean waves crashing on the beach 
A)  flash flooding of a river in the desert 
B)  a river flowing out of a lake 
C)  a river entering a large body of water 
D)  ocean waves crashing on the beach

Question 17

Why do some life activities strengthen the substrate while others weaken it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Burrowing creatures distribute stronger soil around,while plants digest and weaken soil. 
B)  Burrowing creatures distribute stronger soil around,while plant roots wedge soil apart. 
C)  Plant roots help anchor soil,while burrowing into or mining out soil weakens it. 
D)  Some organisms secrete a binding agent in the soil,while plants digest and weaken soil. 
A)  Burrowing creatures distribute stronger soil around,while plants digest and weaken soil. 
B)  Burrowing creatures distribute stronger soil around,while plant roots wedge soil apart. 
C)  Plant roots help anchor soil,while burrowing into or mining out soil weakens it. 
D)  Some organisms secrete a binding agent in the soil,while plants digest and weaken soil.

Question 18

Examine the photos below.The first is of a mountainous region in Alaska and the second is of a plain in Ontario.Which of the following statements is true regarding these photos?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both locations have low relief. 
B)  Both locations have high relief. 
C)  The mountainous region in Alaska has low relief. 
D)  The plains of Ontario have low relief. 
A)  Both locations have low relief. 
B)  Both locations have high relief. 
C)  The mountainous region in Alaska has low relief. 
D)  The plains of Ontario have low relief.

Question 19

What would an area experiencing erosion look like compared to one experiencing deposition?

Accepted Answer

A)  deep valleys or canyons versus large flat,open areas 
B)  large sand dunes versus large open bodies of water 
C)  rolling hills versus steep peaks 
D)  large,dry flatlands versus deep river channels 
A)  deep valleys or canyons versus large flat,open areas 
B)  large sand dunes versus large open bodies of water 
C)  rolling hills versus steep peaks 
D)  large,dry flatlands versus deep river channels

Question 20

Starting with a drop of water in the ocean,describe a full cycle of movement of the water drop through the hydrologic cycle (the water must end up back in the ocean).Through what reservoirs does that water move? What physical forms does the water take (e.g.,liquid,solid,gas)?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but may include: Liqui

Exam 29: Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

Which of the following is a direct result of the Earth's internal energy?

How does water get from the atmosphere into the groundwater system?

Which of the following best explains why the Moon's surface has remained largely unchanged for billions of years?

Climate affects landscape development by controlling

Below is an oblique view showing landforms on Mars.What process is most likely responsible for creating this landscape?

What type of landforms might you expect to find if the climate in an area is very warm and wet?

The difference in elevation in an area is called

Landforms built by an accumulation of sediment are called ________ landforms.

What is a landform and how is it linked to the landscape?

What is the ultimate control of the development of the landscape,the large road cut,in the following picture?

If erosion is occurring in an area of weak rock,what would you expect the landscape to look like?

Why do scientists believe there was once liquid water on Mars?

Which of the following does NOT affect landscape development?

Which progression best describes how water goes from the ocean to a river?

What process created the terrace that forms the cliff in the picture below?

What circumstance is likely to produce depositional landforms?

Why do some life activities strengthen the substrate while others weaken it?

Examine the photos below.The first is of a mountainous region in Alaska and the second is of a plain in Ontario.Which of the following statements is true regarding these photos?

What would an area experiencing erosion look like compared to one experiencing deposition?

Starting with a drop of water in the ocean,describe a full cycle of movement of the water drop through the hydrologic cycle (the water must end up back in the ocean).Through what reservoirs does that water move? What physical forms does the water take (e.g.,liquid,solid,gas)?

Cosmology and the Birth of the Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of the Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: the Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

the Rock Cycle in the Earth System

the Earths Interior, Revisited: Seismic Layering, Gravity, and the Magnetic Field

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Prelude: and Just What Is Geology

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