Question 1

The Earth is _______ years old.

Accepted Answer

A)  4.56 million 
B)  4.56 billion 
C)  13.8 billion 
D)  14.5 billion 
A)  4.56 million 
B)  4.56 billion 
C)  13.8 billion 
D)  14.5 billion B

Question 2

The _____________ is the semirigid layer of the Earth that encompasses the crust and uppermost portion of the mantle.

Accepted Answer

A)  lithosphere 
B)  asthenosphere 
C)  geosphere 
D)  mesosphere 
A)  lithosphere 
B)  asthenosphere 
C)  geosphere 
D)  mesosphere A

Question 3

Geology is a synthesis of many sciences.Explain why this is true.

Accepted Answer

The study of geology is interdisciplinary in its very nature and is useful for understanding other disciplines of physical science.Geology applies basic concepts of physics,chemistry,and biology.As you learn about the Earth,you may also learn about fundamental topics such as the behavior of matter and energy and the nature of chemical reactions.

Question 4

The ______________ is a soft layer of the upper mantle.

Accepted Answer

A)  lithosphere 
B)  asthenosphere 
C)  geosphere 
D)  mesosphere 
A)  lithosphere 
B)  asthenosphere 
C)  geosphere 
D)  mesosphere

Question 5

Which of the following is MOST true of a scientific law?

Accepted Answer

A)  A scientific law is a possible explanation that can explain a set of data. 
B)  A scientific law describes a specific relationship or phenomenon. 
C)  A law is a scientific idea supported by an abundance of evidence. 
D)  A scientific law explains why a natural phenomenon occurs. 
A)  A scientific law is a possible explanation that can explain a set of data. 
B)  A scientific law describes a specific relationship or phenomenon. 
C)  A law is a scientific idea supported by an abundance of evidence. 
D)  A scientific law explains why a natural phenomenon occurs.

Question 6

Describe some of the reasons a person might want to study geology.

Accepted Answer

First,geology is a highly practical subj

Question 7

________ is/are driven by heat within the Earth.Plate movement is a good example.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravity 
B)  Internal processes 
C)  External processes 
D)  Kinetic energy 
A)  Gravity 
B)  Internal processes 
C)  External processes 
D)  Kinetic energy

Question 8

Scientists guide their work using a sequence of steps for systematically analyzing scientific problems in a way that leads to verifiable results.This sequence is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  elemental method. 
B)  scientific method. 
C)  hypothesis. 
D)  theory. 
A)  elemental method. 
B)  scientific method. 
C)  hypothesis. 
D)  theory.

Question 9

The theory that describes the movement of the Earth's crust and the consequences of that movement is called

Accepted Answer

A)  plate tectonics. 
B)  expanding Earth theory. 
C)  geophysical flux. 
D)  geologic time. 
A)  plate tectonics. 
B)  expanding Earth theory. 
C)  geophysical flux. 
D)  geologic time.

Question 10

The geosphere encompasses the solid Earth.Explain how the Earth System consists of more than just the geosphere.

Accepted Answer

The Earth System consists of a number of

Question 11

The geosphere includes all of the following EXCEPT the

Accepted Answer

A)  mantle. 
B)  crust. 
C)  cryosphere. 
D)  core. 
A)  mantle. 
B)  crust. 
C)  cryosphere. 
D)  core.

Question 12

The subdiscipline of geology that is concerned with landscape formation and evolution is called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  geomorphology 
B)  geochemistry 
C)  petrology 
D)  seismology 
A)  geomorphology 
B)  geochemistry 
C)  petrology 
D)  seismology

Question 13

Where does geologic discovery take place? Where do geologists typically work?

Accepted Answer

Geologic discovery takes place in the fi

Question 14

What system divides the Earth history into intervals?

Accepted Answer

A)  geologic time scale 
B)  universal time scale 
C)  geochronological index 
D)  isotopic measurement scale 
A)  geologic time scale 
B)  universal time scale 
C)  geochronological index 
D)  isotopic measurement scale

Question 15

Which of the following newsworthy topics is LEAST related to an aspect of geology?

Accepted Answer

A)  a major earthquake in Turkey 
B)  the eruption of a volcano in Mexico 
C)  the collapse of a building in New York 
D)  a mudslide in Santa Barbara,California 
A)  a major earthquake in Turkey 
B)  the eruption of a volcano in Mexico 
C)  the collapse of a building in New York 
D)  a mudslide in Santa Barbara,California

Question 16

____________ is a subdiscipline of geoscience that involves the study of the physical properties,structure,and chemical behavior of minerals.

Accepted Answer

A)  Petrology 
B)  Mineralogy 
C)  Volcanology 
D)  Paleontology 
A)  Petrology 
B)  Mineralogy 
C)  Volcanology 
D)  Paleontology

Question 17

Which source of energy is MOST likely responsible for plate tectonic movements?

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity 
B)  internal energy 
C)  external energy 
D)  potential energy 
A)  gravity 
B)  internal energy 
C)  external energy 
D)  potential energy

Question 18

The condensation of water vapor in the atmosphere and subsequent transfer to the ocean via precipitation is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  cycle. 
B)  system. 
C)  method. 
D)  hypothesis 
A)  cycle. 
B)  system. 
C)  method. 
D)  hypothesis

Question 19

____________ is a subdiscipline of geoscience that involves the study of rocks and their formation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Petrology 
B)  Mineralogy 
C)  Volcanology 
D)  Paleontology 
A)  Petrology 
B)  Mineralogy 
C)  Volcanology 
D)  Paleontology

Question 20

What is the study of the Earth called?

Accepted Answer

A)  biology 
B)  chemistry 
C)  geology 
D)  physics 
A)  biology 
B)  chemistry 
C)  geology 
D)  physics

Exam 30: Prelude: and Just What Is Geology

The Earth is _______ years old.

The _____________ is the semirigid layer of the Earth that encompasses the crust and uppermost portion of the mantle.

Geology is a synthesis of many sciences.Explain why this is true.

The ______________ is a soft layer of the upper mantle.

Which of the following is MOST true of a scientific law?

Describe some of the reasons a person might want to study geology.

________ is/are driven by heat within the Earth.Plate movement is a good example.

Scientists guide their work using a sequence of steps for systematically analyzing scientific problems in a way that leads to verifiable results.This sequence is called the

The theory that describes the movement of the Earth's crust and the consequences of that movement is called

The geosphere encompasses the solid Earth.Explain how the Earth System consists of more than just the geosphere.

The geosphere includes all of the following EXCEPT the

The subdiscipline of geology that is concerned with landscape formation and evolution is called which of the following?

Where does geologic discovery take place? Where do geologists typically work?

What system divides the Earth history into intervals?

Which of the following newsworthy topics is LEAST related to an aspect of geology?

____________ is a subdiscipline of geoscience that involves the study of the physical properties,structure,and chemical behavior of minerals.

Which source of energy is MOST likely responsible for plate tectonic movements?

The condensation of water vapor in the atmosphere and subsequent transfer to the ocean via precipitation is an example of a(n)

____________ is a subdiscipline of geoscience that involves the study of rocks and their formation.

What is the study of the Earth called?

Cosmology and the Birth of the Earth

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas

The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics

Patterns in Nature: Minerals

Up From the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks

Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism: a Process of Change

The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions

A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes

Crags,cracks,and Crumples: Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Deep Time: How Old Is Old

A Biography of the Earth

Squeezing Power From a Stone: Energy Resources

Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources

Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Movements

Streams and Floods: the Geology of Running Water

Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts

A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater

An Envelope of Gas: the Earths Atmosphere and Climate

Dry Regions: the Geology of Deserts

Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages

Global Change in the Earth System

Introducing Rocks

a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

the Rock Cycle in the Earth System

the Earths Interior, Revisited: Seismic Layering, Gravity, and the Magnetic Field

Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution

Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle

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