Question 1

Glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA1c)is an indicator of:

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin overdose. 
B)  normal growth in children with diabetes mellitus. 
C)  stress. 
D)  longer-term glycaemic control. 
A)  insulin overdose. 
B)  normal growth in children with diabetes mellitus. 
C)  stress. 
D)  longer-term glycaemic control. D

Question 2

Another medication besides insulin that is injected for treatment of types 2 diabetes is from the group of:

Accepted Answer

A)  thiazolidinediones. 
B)  biguanides. 
C)  sulfonylureas. 
D)  incretin-enhancing agents. 
A)  thiazolidinediones. 
B)  biguanides. 
C)  sulfonylureas. 
D)  incretin-enhancing agents. D

Question 3

Which of the oral hypoglycaemic drug groups acts by inducing the release of endogenous insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  The thiazolidinediones 
B)  The glucosidase inhibitors 
C)  The sulfonylureas 
D)  The biguanides 
A)  The thiazolidinediones 
B)  The glucosidase inhibitors 
C)  The sulfonylureas 
D)  The biguanides C

Question 4

An ideal glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)level is ________ per cent or less.

Accepted Answer

A)  7.0 
B)  8.0 
C)  9.0 
D)  10.0 
A)  7.0 
B)  8.0 
C)  9.0 
D)  10.0

Question 5

An injection of glucagon would be appropriate for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presents with a blood glucose reading above 18 mmol/L 
B)  A person with unstable diabetes insipidus 
C)  A person with drug-induced hypoglycaemia 
D)  A person with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has hypersensitivity reactions to metformin 
A)  A person with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presents with a blood glucose reading above 18 mmol/L 
B)  A person with unstable diabetes insipidus 
C)  A person with drug-induced hypoglycaemia 
D)  A person with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has hypersensitivity reactions to metformin

Question 6

A patient is newly diagnosed with borderline type 2 diabetes.Which steps would be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  A focus on diet and exercise 
B)  Starting insulin 
C)  Considering metformin 
D)  Both A and C 
A)  A focus on diet and exercise 
B)  Starting insulin 
C)  Considering metformin 
D)  Both A and C

Question 7

Which statement is true about oral hypoglycaemic drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  This group of drugs does not lower blood sugar levels directly. 
B)  This group of drugs alters liver function or increases effectiveness of endogenous insulin. 
C)  This group of drugs is always first-line treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. 
D)  Both A and B. 
A)  This group of drugs does not lower blood sugar levels directly. 
B)  This group of drugs alters liver function or increases effectiveness of endogenous insulin. 
C)  This group of drugs is always first-line treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. 
D)  Both A and B.

Question 8

All of the following are hormones produced by the pancreas EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  somatropin. 
D)  statin. 
A)  insulin. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  somatropin. 
D)  statin.

Question 9

The pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperinsulinaemia. 
B)  an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. 
C)  cellular insulin resistance 
D)  pregnancy. 
A)  hyperinsulinaemia. 
B)  an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. 
C)  cellular insulin resistance 
D)  pregnancy.

Question 10

A drug group that tends to raise blood glucose levels is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolic steroids. 
B)  oral contraceptives. 
C)  NSAIDs in high dosage. 
D)  monoamine oxidase inhibitors. 
A)  anabolic steroids. 
B)  oral contraceptives. 
C)  NSAIDs in high dosage. 
D)  monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Question 11

In the treatment of type 2 diabetes,a sulfonylurea agent is administered with food to reduce the:

Accepted Answer

A)  incidence of diarrhoea. 
B)  incidence of hypoglycaemia. 
C)  incidence of vomiting. 
D)  drug's metabolism. 
A)  incidence of diarrhoea. 
B)  incidence of hypoglycaemia. 
C)  incidence of vomiting. 
D)  drug's metabolism.

Question 12

The majority of cases of diabetes mellitus are type 1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The type of insulin preparation with an onset of action around 0.5-1 hour and a duration of action of 6--8 hours is:

Accepted Answer

A)  neutral insulin. 
B)  isophane insulin. 
C)  ultralente insulin. 
D)  an insulin analogue. 
A)  neutral insulin. 
B)  isophane insulin. 
C)  ultralente insulin. 
D)  an insulin analogue.

Exam 61: Medicines and the Pancreas

Glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA1c)is an indicator of:

Another medication besides insulin that is injected for treatment of types 2 diabetes is from the group of:

Which of the oral hypoglycaemic drug groups acts by inducing the release of endogenous insulin?

An ideal glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)level is ________ per cent or less.

An injection of glucagon would be appropriate for which of the following?

A patient is newly diagnosed with borderline type 2 diabetes.Which steps would be appropriate?

Which statement is true about oral hypoglycaemic drugs?

All of the following are hormones produced by the pancreas EXCEPT:

The pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with:

A drug group that tends to raise blood glucose levels is the:

In the treatment of type 2 diabetes,a sulfonylurea agent is administered with food to reduce the:

The majority of cases of diabetes mellitus are type 1.

The type of insulin preparation with an onset of action around 0.5-1 hour and a duration of action of 6--8 hours is:

Sociocultural Aspects

Health Professionals and the Law

Ethical Issues

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Adherence, Education and Advocacy

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Management

Medicine Formulations, Storage and Routes of Administration

the Clinical Decision-making Process

Medicine Administration Strategies and Documentation

Medication Errors

Management of Common Adverse Drug Reactions

Risk Communication: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Drug Treatment

Drug Nomenclature

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Excretion

Drug Interactions

Pharmacodynamics

Drug Development, Evaluation and Safety

Genetic Considerations in Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetic Factors That Modify Drug Action

Paediatric and Geriatric Pharmacology

Poisoning and Envenomation

the Management of Acute Clinical Overdose

Contemporary Drugs of Abuse

Drug Abuse in Sport

General Aspects of Neuropharmacology

Adrenergic Pharmacology

Cholinergic Pharmacology

An Introduction to Chemical Mediators

Histamine and Antihistamines

Prostaglandins and Serotonin

Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins

General concepts of Psychopharmacology

Antipsychotics

Anxiolytics and Hypnotics

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilisers

Medicines Used in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Antiseizure Agents and Muscle Relaxants

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Opioid Analgesics

Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic and Non-opioid Analgesic Agents

Medicines Used to Treat Migraine

General Anaesthesia

Local Anesthesia

Medicines Used to Lower Blood Lipids

Antihypertensive Agents

Medicines Used to Promote Tissue Perfusion

Antithrombotic, Fibrinolytic and Haemostatic Agents

Diuretics and Other Renal Medicines

Topic: Medicines Used to Treat Heart Failure

Medicines Used to Treat Cardiac Dysrhythmia

Fluid and Potassium Imbalances

Antianaemic Agents

Medicines Used to Maintain Gas Exchange

Medicines for Upper Respiratory Tract Conditions

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Medicines

Lower Castrointestinal Tract Medicines

Antiemetic Agents

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Medicines and the Pituitary Gland

Medicines and the Thyroid

Medicines Affecting the Adrenal Cortex

Medicines and the Gonads

Medicines and Bone Metabolism

Hyperuricaemia and Gout

Obesity and Its Treatment

Introduction to Chemotherapy

Glycosylated haemoglobin level (HbA_1c)is an indicator of:

An ideal glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA_1c)level is ________ per cent or less.