Question 1

Use of which category of drugs would require concomitant treatment with laxatives or stool softeners?

Accepted Answer

A)  Opioids 
B)  Oral hypoglycemics 
C)  Multivitamins without iron 
D)  NSAIDs 
A)  Opioids 
B)  Oral hypoglycemics 
C)  Multivitamins without iron 
D)  NSAIDs A

Question 2

Docusate is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  faecal softener. 
B)  lubricant. 
C)  stimulant. 
D)  bulk laxative. 
A)  faecal softener. 
B)  lubricant. 
C)  stimulant. 
D)  bulk laxative. A

Question 3

Cryotherapy may be useful to treat haemorrhoids because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  can increase blood supply and promote healing. 
B)  induces a fibrosis that anchors the haemorrhoid. 
C)  can cause shrinking of the dilated veins. 
D)  can precipitate cell surface proteins and reduce swelling. 
A)  can increase blood supply and promote healing. 
B)  induces a fibrosis that anchors the haemorrhoid. 
C)  can cause shrinking of the dilated veins. 
D)  can precipitate cell surface proteins and reduce swelling. C

Question 4

Which of the laxative groups acts directly on the wall of intestines to stimulate defecation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lubricants 
B)  Stimulant laxatives 
C)  Osmotic laxatives 
D)  Faecal softeners 
A)  Lubricants 
B)  Stimulant laxatives 
C)  Osmotic laxatives 
D)  Faecal softeners

Question 5

Constipation may be best avoided in many cases by increasing dietary levels of:

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol. 
B)  lipids. 
C)  fibre. 
D)  meat. 
A)  alcohol. 
B)  lipids. 
C)  fibre. 
D)  meat.

Question 6

Outline the potential benefits of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

Accepted Answer

It causes relaxation of the sp

Question 7

Which topical preparation would help reduce the inflammation of haemorrhoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyethylene glycol 
B)  Witch-hazel 
C)  Benzocaine 
D)  Phenol 
A)  Polyethylene glycol 
B)  Witch-hazel 
C)  Benzocaine 
D)  Phenol

Question 8

Which condition might require a patient to need supplementation of pancreatic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peptic ulcer disease 
B)  Diabetes 
C)  Irritable bowel syndrome 
D)  Cystic fibrosis 
A)  Peptic ulcer disease 
B)  Diabetes 
C)  Irritable bowel syndrome 
D)  Cystic fibrosis

Question 9

In perianal disease,________ laxatives should be used to prevent straining.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulant 
B)  lubricant 
C)  bulk 
D)  softener 
A)  stimulant 
B)  lubricant 
C)  bulk 
D)  softener

Question 10

Which bacterium is NOT known to be a cause of diarrhoea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salmonella 
B)  Shigella 
C)  Clostridia 
D)  E. coli 
A)  Salmonella 
B)  Shigella 
C)  Clostridia 
D)  E. coli

Question 11

Which of the following laxative groups is used for bowel preparation before a medical procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lubricants and stimulant laxatives 
B)  Faecal softeners and bulk-forming laxatives 
C)  Bulk-forming laxatives and lubricants 
D)  Irritant laxatives and selected osmotic laxatives 
A)  Lubricants and stimulant laxatives 
B)  Faecal softeners and bulk-forming laxatives 
C)  Bulk-forming laxatives and lubricants 
D)  Irritant laxatives and selected osmotic laxatives

Question 12

Peppermint oil may be useful in the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

A)  gallstones. 
B)  irritable bowel syndrome. 
C)  haemorrhoids. 
D)  GORD. 
A)  gallstones. 
B)  irritable bowel syndrome. 
C)  haemorrhoids. 
D)  GORD.

Question 13

Tumour necrosis factor-$\alpha$ antagonists are used as a treatment for which disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haemorrhoids 
B)  Constipation 
C)  Crohn's disease 
D)  GORD 
A)  Haemorrhoids 
B)  Constipation 
C)  Crohn's disease 
D)  GORD

Question 14

A first line therapy for chronic constipation would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulant laxatives such as senna. 
B)  faecal softeners such as docusate. 
C)  osmotic laxatives such as glycerol. 
D)  lubricants such as liquid paraffin. 
A)  stimulant laxatives such as senna. 
B)  faecal softeners such as docusate. 
C)  osmotic laxatives such as glycerol. 
D)  lubricants such as liquid paraffin.

Question 15

Treatment of diarrhoea with diphenoxylate may cause:

Accepted Answer

A)  constipation. 
B)  dysphagia. 
C)  gastric reflux. 
D)  increased bowel sounds. 
A)  constipation. 
B)  dysphagia. 
C)  gastric reflux. 
D)  increased bowel sounds.

Question 16

Sennosides are best administered:

Accepted Answer

A)  at bedtime. 
B)  before lying down. 
C)  with meals. 
D)  in the recumbent position. 
A)  at bedtime. 
B)  before lying down. 
C)  with meals. 
D)  in the recumbent position.

Question 17

The two main types of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease are:

Accepted Answer

A)  antispasmodics and anti-inflammatories. 
B)  immunosuppressants and opioids. 
C)  opioids and antispasmodics. 
D)  anti-inflammatories and immunosuppressants. 
A)  antispasmodics and anti-inflammatories. 
B)  immunosuppressants and opioids. 
C)  opioids and antispasmodics. 
D)  anti-inflammatories and immunosuppressants.

Question 18

A client is admitted with gallstones,and the health professional decides to attempt to dissolve the stones with ursodeoxycholic acid.Which finding would make this treatment contraindicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pre-existing constipation 
B)  Mild nausea 
C)  Mild diarrhoea 
D)  Cirrhosis 
A)  Pre-existing constipation 
B)  Mild nausea 
C)  Mild diarrhoea 
D)  Cirrhosis

Question 19

Pectin is an example of what type of antidiarrheal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Absorbent 
B)  Adsorbent 
C)  Opioid derivative 
D)  Belladonna alkaloid 
A)  Absorbent 
B)  Adsorbent 
C)  Opioid derivative 
D)  Belladonna alkaloid

Question 20

Treatment with the anti-inflammatory bowel drug sulfasalazine can cause:

Accepted Answer

A)  insomnia. 
B)  dizziness. 
C)  male infertility. 
D)  vitamin A deficiency. 
A)  insomnia. 
B)  dizziness. 
C)  male infertility. 
D)  vitamin A deficiency.

Exam 56: Lower Castrointestinal Tract Medicines

Use of which category of drugs would require concomitant treatment with laxatives or stool softeners?

Docusate is a:

Cryotherapy may be useful to treat haemorrhoids because it:

Which of the laxative groups acts directly on the wall of intestines to stimulate defecation?

Constipation may be best avoided in many cases by increasing dietary levels of:

Outline the potential benefits of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

Which topical preparation would help reduce the inflammation of haemorrhoids?

Which condition might require a patient to need supplementation of pancreatic enzymes?

In perianal disease,________ laxatives should be used to prevent straining.

Which bacterium is NOT known to be a cause of diarrhoea?

Which of the following laxative groups is used for bowel preparation before a medical procedure?

Peppermint oil may be useful in the treatment of:

Tumour necrosis factor- α\alphaα antagonists are used as a treatment for which disorder?

A first line therapy for chronic constipation would be:

Treatment of diarrhoea with diphenoxylate may cause:

Sennosides are best administered:

The two main types of treatment for inflammatory bowel disease are:

A client is admitted with gallstones,and the health professional decides to attempt to dissolve the stones with ursodeoxycholic acid.Which finding would make this treatment contraindicated?

Pectin is an example of what type of antidiarrheal?

Treatment with the anti-inflammatory bowel drug sulfasalazine can cause:

Sociocultural Aspects

Health Professionals and the Law

Ethical Issues

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Adherence, Education and Advocacy

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Management

Medicine Formulations, Storage and Routes of Administration

the Clinical Decision-making Process

Medicine Administration Strategies and Documentation

Medication Errors

Management of Common Adverse Drug Reactions

Risk Communication: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Drug Treatment

Drug Nomenclature

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Excretion

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Genetic Considerations in Pharmacology

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the Management of Acute Clinical Overdose

Contemporary Drugs of Abuse

Drug Abuse in Sport

General Aspects of Neuropharmacology

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Cholinergic Pharmacology

An Introduction to Chemical Mediators

Histamine and Antihistamines

Prostaglandins and Serotonin

Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins

General concepts of Psychopharmacology

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Central Nervous System Stimulants

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Medicines Used to Treat Migraine

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Local Anesthesia

Medicines Used to Lower Blood Lipids

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Medicines Used to Promote Tissue Perfusion

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Diuretics and Other Renal Medicines

Topic: Medicines Used to Treat Heart Failure

Medicines Used to Treat Cardiac Dysrhythmia

Fluid and Potassium Imbalances

Antianaemic Agents

Medicines Used to Maintain Gas Exchange

Medicines for Upper Respiratory Tract Conditions

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Medicines

Antiemetic Agents

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Medicines and the Pituitary Gland

Medicines and the Thyroid

Tumour necrosis factor- $\alpha$ antagonists are used as a treatment for which disorder?