Question 1

Which of the following are not considered good strategies to combat high cholesterol levels and reduce the need for medications?

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing salt intake 
B) Using low- or no-fat dairy products 
C) Exercising 
D) Increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables 
A) Increasing salt intake 
B) Using low- or no-fat dairy products 
C) Exercising 
D) Increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables A

Question 2

High levels of which of the following lipoproteins can be beneficial?

Accepted Answer

A)  VLDL 
B)  HDL 
C)  LDL 
D)  IDL 
A)  VLDL 
B)  HDL 
C)  LDL 
D)  IDL B

Question 3

The inclusion of ________ in the diet may help to avoid hypercholesterolaemia.

Accepted Answer

A)  chicken 
B)  sardines 
C)  mutton 
D)  beef 
A)  chicken 
B)  sardines 
C)  mutton 
D)  beef B

Question 4

The mechanism of action of the antihyperlipidaemic agents called the statins involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in hepatic cholesterol synthesis. 
B)  binding to bile salts removing them from the body. 
C)  an interaction with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. 
D)  inhibiting the absorption of dietary cholesterol from the gastrointestinal tract. 
A)  inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in hepatic cholesterol synthesis. 
B)  binding to bile salts removing them from the body. 
C)  an interaction with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. 
D)  inhibiting the absorption of dietary cholesterol from the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 5

Which type of hyperlipidaemia is characterized by high VLDL and hypertriglyceridaemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type I 
B)  Type IIa 
C)  Type IIb 
D)  Type IV 
A)  Type I 
B)  Type IIa 
C)  Type IIb 
D)  Type IV

Question 6

Patients on atorvastatin should avoid ________ during therapy because it may increase the amount of atorvastatin in their circulation and therefore increase the chances of adverse effects occurring.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol 
B)  milk 
C)  grapefruit juice 
D)  leafy green vegetables 
A)  alcohol 
B)  milk 
C)  grapefruit juice 
D)  leafy green vegetables

Question 7

When timing the dose for the fibrate gemfibrozil,the patient should be advised to take it:

Accepted Answer

A)  at bedtime. 
B)  upon arising in the morning. 
C)  with food. 
D)  half an hour before food. 
A)  at bedtime. 
B)  upon arising in the morning. 
C)  with food. 
D)  half an hour before food.

Question 8

What is an accumulation of lipid,collagen fibres and foam cells called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stoma 
B)  Atheroma 
C)  Sarcoma 
D)  Haematoma 
A)  Stoma 
B)  Atheroma 
C)  Sarcoma 
D)  Haematoma

Question 9

Long-term statin therapy has been linked to an increased incidence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  stroke. 
B)  heart disease. 
C)  cataract development. 
D)  Alzheimer's disease. 
A)  stroke. 
B)  heart disease. 
C)  cataract development. 
D)  Alzheimer's disease.

Question 10

An unwelcome but possibly benign effect of nicotinic acid treatment is:

Accepted Answer

A)  petechiae. 
B)  constipation. 
C)  loose stools. 
D)  skin flushes and itching. 
A)  petechiae. 
B)  constipation. 
C)  loose stools. 
D)  skin flushes and itching.

Question 11

In considering therapy with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors,it is important for the client to have regular:

Accepted Answer

A)  liver function tests. 
B)  renal function tests. 
C)  blood clotting tests. 
D)  respiratory function tests. 
A)  liver function tests. 
B)  renal function tests. 
C)  blood clotting tests. 
D)  respiratory function tests.

Exam 44: Medicines Used to Lower Blood Lipids

Which of the following are not considered good strategies to combat high cholesterol levels and reduce the need for medications?

High levels of which of the following lipoproteins can be beneficial?

The inclusion of ________ in the diet may help to avoid hypercholesterolaemia.

The mechanism of action of the antihyperlipidaemic agents called the statins involves:

Which type of hyperlipidaemia is characterized by high VLDL and hypertriglyceridaemia?

Patients on atorvastatin should avoid ________ during therapy because it may increase the amount of atorvastatin in their circulation and therefore increase the chances of adverse effects occurring.

When timing the dose for the fibrate gemfibrozil,the patient should be advised to take it:

What is an accumulation of lipid,collagen fibres and foam cells called?

Long-term statin therapy has been linked to an increased incidence of:

An unwelcome but possibly benign effect of nicotinic acid treatment is:

In considering therapy with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors,it is important for the client to have regular:

Sociocultural Aspects

Health Professionals and the Law

Ethical Issues

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Adherence, Education and Advocacy

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Management

Medicine Formulations, Storage and Routes of Administration

the Clinical Decision-making Process

Medicine Administration Strategies and Documentation

Medication Errors

Management of Common Adverse Drug Reactions

Risk Communication: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Drug Treatment

Drug Nomenclature

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Excretion

Drug Interactions

Pharmacodynamics

Drug Development, Evaluation and Safety

Genetic Considerations in Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetic Factors That Modify Drug Action

Paediatric and Geriatric Pharmacology

Poisoning and Envenomation

the Management of Acute Clinical Overdose

Contemporary Drugs of Abuse

Drug Abuse in Sport

General Aspects of Neuropharmacology

Adrenergic Pharmacology

Cholinergic Pharmacology

An Introduction to Chemical Mediators

Histamine and Antihistamines

Prostaglandins and Serotonin

Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins

General concepts of Psychopharmacology

Antipsychotics

Anxiolytics and Hypnotics

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilisers

Medicines Used in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Antiseizure Agents and Muscle Relaxants

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Opioid Analgesics

Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic and Non-opioid Analgesic Agents

Medicines Used to Treat Migraine

General Anaesthesia

Local Anesthesia

Antihypertensive Agents

Medicines Used to Promote Tissue Perfusion

Antithrombotic, Fibrinolytic and Haemostatic Agents

Diuretics and Other Renal Medicines

Topic: Medicines Used to Treat Heart Failure

Medicines Used to Treat Cardiac Dysrhythmia

Fluid and Potassium Imbalances

Antianaemic Agents

Medicines Used to Maintain Gas Exchange

Medicines for Upper Respiratory Tract Conditions

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Medicines

Lower Castrointestinal Tract Medicines

Antiemetic Agents

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Medicines and the Pituitary Gland

Medicines and the Thyroid

Medicines and the Pancreas

Medicines Affecting the Adrenal Cortex

Medicines and the Gonads

Medicines and Bone Metabolism

Hyperuricaemia and Gout

Obesity and Its Treatment

Introduction to Chemotherapy

Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim

Antibacterial Agents