Question 1

How many human enzymes have been associated with drug metabolism and polymorphisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Less than 20 
B)  More than 20 
C)  A minimum of 50 
D)  None 
A)  Less than 20 
B)  More than 20 
C)  A minimum of 50 
D)  None B

Question 2

One trial that clearly illustrated problems with gene therapy was among children with severe combined immunodeficiency. What was the serious secondary effect believed to be a result of this form of therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Progression to HIV 
B)  Increased mortality from the initial diagnoses 
C)  Leukaemia 
D)  Heart failure 
A)  Progression to HIV 
B)  Increased mortality from the initial diagnoses 
C)  Leukaemia 
D)  Heart failure C

Question 3

A client that you are caring for has advanced kidney disease and is about to commence drug therapy.In order to maintain safe plasma drug levels,the prescriber might have to consider:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the dosage. 
B)  decreasing the dosage. 
C)  increasing the frequency of dosing. 
D)  increasing the dose and frequency of administration. 
A)  increasing the dosage. 
B)  decreasing the dosage. 
C)  increasing the frequency of dosing. 
D)  increasing the dose and frequency of administration. B

Question 4

If a person who has an inherited disorder wished to minimise the odds of passing that genetic materials to their offspring,germline therapy will be of no use.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The types of gene therapy include:

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic and germline. 
B)  psychosomatic and germline. 
C)  somatic and viraline. 
D)  psychosomatic and viraline. 
A)  somatic and germline. 
B)  psychosomatic and germline. 
C)  somatic and viraline. 
D)  psychosomatic and viraline.

Question 6

Two techniques used in gene therapy include in vitro and vector methods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following are ethical issues associated with pharmacogenetics? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Keeping data secure 
B)  Insurance risk 
C)  Cost of therapy 
D)  Lack of data on effectiveness of treatment 
A)  Keeping data secure 
B)  Insurance risk 
C)  Cost of therapy 
D)  Lack of data on effectiveness of treatment

Question 8

Cost-effectiveness is a potential barrier to genetic-based therapies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In a pharmacogenetic context,the potential negative clinical consequences of being classified as a responder is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ineffectiveness of the drug treatment. 
B)  less frequent drug dosing. 
C)  drug toxicity. 
D)  that the drug has a narrower therapeutic index. 
A)  ineffectiveness of the drug treatment. 
B)  less frequent drug dosing. 
C)  drug toxicity. 
D)  that the drug has a narrower therapeutic index.

Question 10

Somatic gene therapy uses what form of cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sperm cells 
B)  Psychosomatic cells 
C)  Somatic cells 
D)  Ovarian cells 
A)  Sperm cells 
B)  Psychosomatic cells 
C)  Somatic cells 
D)  Ovarian cells

Question 11

Which one of the following factors is likely to result in higher plasma drug levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taking a water-soluble drug during a meal 
B)  Administering a drug orally when a client is experiencing an episode of severe diarrhoea 
C)  Administering the narcotic analgesic morphine to a person with cirrhosis of the liver 
D)  Administering a drug that is subject to significant metabolism to a person whose occupation involves handling chemicals that induce microsomal enzymes. 
A)  Taking a water-soluble drug during a meal 
B)  Administering a drug orally when a client is experiencing an episode of severe diarrhoea 
C)  Administering the narcotic analgesic morphine to a person with cirrhosis of the liver 
D)  Administering a drug that is subject to significant metabolism to a person whose occupation involves handling chemicals that induce microsomal enzymes.

Question 12

Determining the kind or dosage of drug therapy on the basis of an individual's genetic status:

Accepted Answer

A)  is an example of genetic polymorphism. 
B)  may increase the cost of health insurance for the whole community. 
C)  is called drug striation. 
D)  may decrease the incidence of serious drug adverse reactions for some clients. 
A)  is an example of genetic polymorphism. 
B)  may increase the cost of health insurance for the whole community. 
C)  is called drug striation. 
D)  may decrease the incidence of serious drug adverse reactions for some clients.

Exam 18: Genetic Considerations in Pharmacology

How many human enzymes have been associated with drug metabolism and polymorphisms?

One trial that clearly illustrated problems with gene therapy was among children with severe combined immunodeficiency. What was the serious secondary effect believed to be a result of this form of therapy?

A client that you are caring for has advanced kidney disease and is about to commence drug therapy.In order to maintain safe plasma drug levels,the prescriber might have to consider:

If a person who has an inherited disorder wished to minimise the odds of passing that genetic materials to their offspring,germline therapy will be of no use.

The types of gene therapy include:

Two techniques used in gene therapy include in vitro and vector methods.

Which of the following are ethical issues associated with pharmacogenetics? Select all that apply.

Cost-effectiveness is a potential barrier to genetic-based therapies.

In a pharmacogenetic context,the potential negative clinical consequences of being classified as a responder is:

Somatic gene therapy uses what form of cells?

Which one of the following factors is likely to result in higher plasma drug levels?

Determining the kind or dosage of drug therapy on the basis of an individual's genetic status:

Sociocultural Aspects

Health Professionals and the Law

Ethical Issues

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Adherence, Education and Advocacy

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Management

Medicine Formulations, Storage and Routes of Administration

the Clinical Decision-making Process

Medicine Administration Strategies and Documentation

Medication Errors

Management of Common Adverse Drug Reactions

Risk Communication: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Drug Treatment

Drug Nomenclature

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Excretion

Drug Interactions

Pharmacodynamics

Drug Development, Evaluation and Safety

Pharmacokinetic Factors That Modify Drug Action

Paediatric and Geriatric Pharmacology

Poisoning and Envenomation

the Management of Acute Clinical Overdose

Contemporary Drugs of Abuse

Drug Abuse in Sport

General Aspects of Neuropharmacology

Adrenergic Pharmacology

Cholinergic Pharmacology

An Introduction to Chemical Mediators

Histamine and Antihistamines

Prostaglandins and Serotonin

Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins

General concepts of Psychopharmacology

Antipsychotics

Anxiolytics and Hypnotics

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilisers

Medicines Used in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Antiseizure Agents and Muscle Relaxants

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Opioid Analgesics

Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic and Non-opioid Analgesic Agents

Medicines Used to Treat Migraine

General Anaesthesia

Local Anesthesia

Medicines Used to Lower Blood Lipids

Antihypertensive Agents

Medicines Used to Promote Tissue Perfusion

Antithrombotic, Fibrinolytic and Haemostatic Agents

Diuretics and Other Renal Medicines

Topic: Medicines Used to Treat Heart Failure

Medicines Used to Treat Cardiac Dysrhythmia

Fluid and Potassium Imbalances

Antianaemic Agents

Medicines Used to Maintain Gas Exchange

Medicines for Upper Respiratory Tract Conditions

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Medicines

Lower Castrointestinal Tract Medicines

Antiemetic Agents

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Medicines and the Pituitary Gland

Medicines and the Thyroid

Medicines and the Pancreas

Medicines Affecting the Adrenal Cortex

Medicines and the Gonads

Medicines and Bone Metabolism

Hyperuricaemia and Gout

Obesity and Its Treatment

Introduction to Chemotherapy

Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim