Question 1

Which diuretics promote the greatest diuresis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thiazides 
B)  Loop diurectics 
C)  Aldosterone inhibitors 
D)  Potassium-sparing diuretics 
A)  Thiazides 
B)  Loop diurectics 
C)  Aldosterone inhibitors 
D)  Potassium-sparing diuretics B

Question 2

The main site of action of the potassium-sparing diuretic spironolactone is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  ascending limb of Henle. 
C)  distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  glomerulus. 
A)  proximal convoluted tubule. 
B)  ascending limb of Henle. 
C)  distal convoluted tubule. 
D)  glomerulus. C

Question 3

The hypokalaemia that may be induced by a loop diuretic can be lessened or prevented by concurrent use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium chloride. 
B)  an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. 
C)  an ACE inhibitor. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  potassium chloride. 
B)  an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. 
C)  an ACE inhibitor. 
D)  all of the above. D

Question 4

Urinary alkalisation is possible only if creatinine clearance is at what level?

Accepted Answer

A) At least 20 mL/min 
B) At least 30 mL/min 
C) No more than 30 mL/min 
D) No more than 20 mL/min 
A) At least 20 mL/min 
B) At least 30 mL/min 
C) No more than 30 mL/min 
D) No more than 20 mL/min

Question 5

Metabolic imbalances associated with thiazides can be avoided by:

Accepted Answer

A)  starting off with a small dose and titrating according to therapeutic response. 
B)  starting off with a high dose and gradually titrating according to therapeutic response. 
C)  administering the dose once a day. 
D)  administering the dose two times a day. 
A)  starting off with a small dose and titrating according to therapeutic response. 
B)  starting off with a high dose and gradually titrating according to therapeutic response. 
C)  administering the dose once a day. 
D)  administering the dose two times a day.

Question 6

Which of these diuretics promotes potassium retention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spironolactone 
B)  Frusemide 
C)  Chlorothiazide 
D)  Ethacrynic acid 
A)  Spironolactone 
B)  Frusemide 
C)  Chlorothiazide 
D)  Ethacrynic acid

Question 7

A mannitol infusion bag appears to crystallise.What should the health professional know about this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) The bag should be discarded immediately. 
B) This is normal if the temperature of the bag is too high-the bag should be chilled. 
C) This is normal if the temperature of the bag is too low-the bag should be warmed. 
D) The infusion should proceed with no action taken. 
A) The bag should be discarded immediately. 
B) This is normal if the temperature of the bag is too high-the bag should be chilled. 
C) This is normal if the temperature of the bag is too low-the bag should be warmed. 
D) The infusion should proceed with no action taken.

Question 8

Explain why acidification of urine might be undertaken in individuals with urinary tract infections or urinary catheters.

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are less li

Question 9

The purpose of the nephron includes:

Accepted Answer

A) maintaining homeostasis. 
B) eliminate waste. 
C) forming filtrate. 
D) all of the above. 
A) maintaining homeostasis. 
B) eliminate waste. 
C) forming filtrate. 
D) all of the above.

Question 10

To avoid ototoxicity,intravenous (IV)frusemide must be injected no faster than 4 mg/min.If the dose ordered is 20 mg IV,how quickly can it be administered?

Accepted Answer

A)  Over at least 5 minutes 
B)  Over at least 4 minutes 
C)  Over at least 12 seconds 
D)  Over at least 10 minutes 
A)  Over at least 5 minutes 
B)  Over at least 4 minutes 
C)  Over at least 12 seconds 
D)  Over at least 10 minutes

Question 11

Which of the following diuretic agents is not recommended to be given with an ACE inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorothiazide 
B)  Frusemide 
C)  Ethacrynic acid 
D)  Spironolactone 
A)  Chlorothiazide 
B)  Frusemide 
C)  Ethacrynic acid 
D)  Spironolactone

Exam 48: Diuretics and Other Renal Medicines

Which diuretics promote the greatest diuresis?

The main site of action of the potassium-sparing diuretic spironolactone is the:

The hypokalaemia that may be induced by a loop diuretic can be lessened or prevented by concurrent use of:

Urinary alkalisation is possible only if creatinine clearance is at what level?

Metabolic imbalances associated with thiazides can be avoided by:

Which of these diuretics promotes potassium retention?

A mannitol infusion bag appears to crystallise.What should the health professional know about this phenomenon?

Explain why acidification of urine might be undertaken in individuals with urinary tract infections or urinary catheters.

The purpose of the nephron includes:

To avoid ototoxicity,intravenous (IV)frusemide must be injected no faster than 4 mg/min.If the dose ordered is 20 mg IV,how quickly can it be administered?

Which of the following diuretic agents is not recommended to be given with an ACE inhibitor?

Sociocultural Aspects

Health Professionals and the Law

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the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Adherence, Education and Advocacy

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Management

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the Clinical Decision-making Process

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Medication Errors

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Risk Communication: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Drug Treatment

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Genetic Considerations in Pharmacology

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Poisoning and Envenomation

the Management of Acute Clinical Overdose

Contemporary Drugs of Abuse

Drug Abuse in Sport

General Aspects of Neuropharmacology

Adrenergic Pharmacology

Cholinergic Pharmacology

An Introduction to Chemical Mediators

Histamine and Antihistamines

Prostaglandins and Serotonin

Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins

General concepts of Psychopharmacology

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Topic: Medicines Used to Treat Heart Failure

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Obesity and Its Treatment

Introduction to Chemotherapy

Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim

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