Question 1

The second messenger system associated with $\beta$ -adrenergic receptor stimulation involves the:

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of inositol triphosphate production. 
B)  inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. 
C)  inhibition of inositol triphosphate production. 
D)  activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. 
A)  activation of inositol triphosphate production. 
B)  inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. 
C)  inhibition of inositol triphosphate production. 
D)  activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. D

Question 2

An $\alpha$ antagonists would be useful in the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

A)  urinary retention. 
B)  hypotension. 
C)  overactive bladder. 
D)  asthma. 
A)  urinary retention. 
B)  hypotension. 
C)  overactive bladder. 
D)  asthma. A

Question 3

Which of the following effects will occur with $\beta_{2} $ receptor stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bronchoconstriction 
B)  Bronchodilation 
C)  Urinary retention 
D)  Decreased heart rate 
A)  Bronchoconstriction 
B)  Bronchodilation 
C)  Urinary retention 
D)  Decreased heart rate B

Question 4

Which type of electrolyte abnormality may occur with the use of $\beta_{2} $ agonists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperkalemia 
B)  Hypokalemia 
C)  Hypomagnesemia 
D)  Hypernatremia 
A)  Hyperkalemia 
B)  Hypokalemia 
C)  Hypomagnesemia 
D)  Hypernatremia

Question 5

Which of the following receptors are located presynaptically and are found on all adrenergic nerve terminals?

Accepted Answer

A)  α1 
B)  α2 
C)  β1
D β2 
A)  α1 
B)  α2 
C)  β1
D β2

Question 6

Which of the following adverse events may occur with $\alpha_{1}$  receptor stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypertension 
B)  Blurred vision 
C)  Constipation 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Hypertension 
B)  Blurred vision 
C)  Constipation 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following effects will occur with $\alpha _{1}$ receptor stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vasoconstriction 
B)  Vasodilation 
C)  Increased bile secretion 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Vasoconstriction 
B)  Vasodilation 
C)  Increased bile secretion 
D)  None of the above

Question 8

Which of the following adrenergic agonists stimulate both $\alpha$ and $\beta$  receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Noradrenaline 
B)  Adrenaline 
C)  Dopamine 
D)  Both A and B 
A)  Noradrenaline 
B)  Adrenaline 
C)  Dopamine 
D)  Both A and B

Question 9

Which of the following adrenergic receptors are found abundantly in the myocardium?

Accepted Answer

A)  α1 
B)  α2 
C)  β1
D β2 
A)  α1 
B)  α2 
C)  β1
D β2

Question 10

Which secondary messenger is associated with $\alpha_{1}$ receptor activation?

Accepted Answer

A)  IP3 
B)  Cyclic AMP 
C)  DAG 
D)  Both A and C 
A)  IP3 
B)  Cyclic AMP 
C)  DAG 
D)  Both A and C

Question 11

Receptors that respond to norepinephrine are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenergic. 
B)  cholinergic. 
C)  dopaminergic. 
D)  noradrenergic. 
A)  adrenergic. 
B)  cholinergic. 
C)  dopaminergic. 
D)  noradrenergic.

Question 12

A clinical use for $\beta_{2} $ agonists is in the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchial asthma. 
B)  hypotension. 
C)  hypertension. 
D)  nasal decongestion. 
A)  bronchial asthma. 
B)  hypotension. 
C)  hypertension. 
D)  nasal decongestion.

Question 13

Which of the following adverse events are seen with dopamine administration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tachycardia 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Nausea 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Tachycardia 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Nausea 
D)  All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) 
B)  Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) 
C)  Calcium ion 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) 
B)  Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) 
C)  Calcium ion 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

A clinical use for $\beta_{1} $ antagonists is in the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

A)  tachycardia. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  COPD. 
D)  Both A and B. 
A)  tachycardia. 
B)  hypertension. 
C)  COPD. 
D)  Both A and B.

Question 16

Which of the following agents could be used to treat hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  α1 antagonists 
B)  α1 agonists 
C)  β1 antagonists 
D)  Both A and C 
A)  α1 antagonists 
B)  α1 agonists 
C)  β1 antagonists 
D)  Both A and C

Question 17

Which enzyme is responsible for the inactivation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)into 5-AMP?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphodiesterase 
B)  Phospholipase 
C)  Adenylate cyclase 
D)  Cholinesterase 
A)  Phosphodiesterase 
B)  Phospholipase 
C)  Adenylate cyclase 
D)  Cholinesterase

Exam 26: Adrenergic Pharmacology

The second messenger system associated with β\betaβ -adrenergic receptor stimulation involves the:

An α\alphaα antagonists would be useful in the treatment of:

Which of the following effects will occur with β2\beta_{2} β2​ receptor stimulation?

Which type of electrolyte abnormality may occur with the use of β2\beta_{2} β2​ agonists?

Which of the following receptors are located presynaptically and are found on all adrenergic nerve terminals?

Which of the following adverse events may occur with α1\alpha_{1}α1​ receptor stimulation?

Which of the following effects will occur with α1\alpha _{1}α1​ receptor stimulation?

Which of the following adrenergic agonists stimulate both α\alphaα and β\betaβ receptors?

Which of the following adrenergic receptors are found abundantly in the myocardium?

Which secondary messenger is associated with α1\alpha_{1}α1​ receptor activation?

Receptors that respond to norepinephrine are called:

A clinical use for β2\beta_{2} β2​ agonists is in the treatment of:

Which of the following adverse events are seen with dopamine administration?

Which of the following is an example of a second messenger?

A clinical use for β1\beta_{1} β1​ antagonists is in the treatment of:

Which of the following agents could be used to treat hypertension?

Which enzyme is responsible for the inactivation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)into 5-AMP?

Sociocultural Aspects

Health Professionals and the Law

Ethical Issues

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Adherence, Education and Advocacy

the Roles and Responsibilities of Health Professionals in Medicine Management

Medicine Formulations, Storage and Routes of Administration

the Clinical Decision-making Process

Medicine Administration Strategies and Documentation

Medication Errors

Management of Common Adverse Drug Reactions

Risk Communication: Balancing the Benefits and Risks of Drug Treatment

Drug Nomenclature

Pharmacokinetics: Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Excretion

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Genetic Considerations in Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetic Factors That Modify Drug Action

Paediatric and Geriatric Pharmacology

Poisoning and Envenomation

the Management of Acute Clinical Overdose

Contemporary Drugs of Abuse

Drug Abuse in Sport

General Aspects of Neuropharmacology

Cholinergic Pharmacology

An Introduction to Chemical Mediators

Histamine and Antihistamines

Prostaglandins and Serotonin

Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins

General concepts of Psychopharmacology

Antipsychotics

Anxiolytics and Hypnotics

Antidepressants and Mood Stabilisers

Medicines Used in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Antiseizure Agents and Muscle Relaxants

Central Nervous System Stimulants

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Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic and Non-opioid Analgesic Agents

Medicines Used to Treat Migraine

General Anaesthesia

Local Anesthesia

Medicines Used to Lower Blood Lipids

Antihypertensive Agents

Medicines Used to Promote Tissue Perfusion

Antithrombotic, Fibrinolytic and Haemostatic Agents

Diuretics and Other Renal Medicines

Topic: Medicines Used to Treat Heart Failure

Medicines Used to Treat Cardiac Dysrhythmia

Fluid and Potassium Imbalances

Antianaemic Agents

Medicines Used to Maintain Gas Exchange

Medicines for Upper Respiratory Tract Conditions

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Medicines

Lower Castrointestinal Tract Medicines

Antiemetic Agents

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Medicines and the Pituitary Gland

Medicines and the Thyroid

Medicines and the Pancreas

Medicines Affecting the Adrenal Cortex

Medicines and the Gonads

The second messenger system associated with $\beta$ -adrenergic receptor stimulation involves the:

An $\alpha$ antagonists would be useful in the treatment of:

Which of the following effects will occur with $\beta_{2}$ receptor stimulation?

Which type of electrolyte abnormality may occur with the use of $\beta_{2}$ agonists?

Which of the following adverse events may occur with $\alpha_{1}$ receptor stimulation?

Which of the following effects will occur with $\alpha _{1}$ receptor stimulation?

Which of the following adrenergic agonists stimulate both $\alpha$ and $\beta$ receptors?

Which secondary messenger is associated with $\alpha_{1}$ receptor activation?

A clinical use for $\beta_{2}$ agonists is in the treatment of:

A clinical use for $\beta_{1}$ antagonists is in the treatment of: