Question 1

Which of these events spurred Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act in April 1866?

Accepted Answer

A)  The emergence of the Ku Klux Klan 
B)  Johnson's threat to impose Reconstruction through military force 
C)  The eruption of antiblack violence in various parts of the South 
D)  A precipitous decline in Johnson's political support 
A)  The emergence of the Ku Klux Klan 
B)  Johnson's threat to impose Reconstruction through military force 
C)  The eruption of antiblack violence in various parts of the South 
D)  A precipitous decline in Johnson's political support C

Question 2

Which of the following pairs identified with the Radical Republicans?

Accepted Answer

A)  President Lincoln and Andrew Johnson 
B)  Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens 
C)  Lyman Trumbull and Nathan Bedford Forrest 
D)  James M.Pike and Hiram Revels 
A)  President Lincoln and Andrew Johnson 
B)  Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens 
C)  Lyman Trumbull and Nathan Bedford Forrest 
D)  James M.Pike and Hiram Revels B

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes Radical Reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

A)  It aimed to reform the South and increase federal power. 
B)  It demonstrated that even Radical Republicans would sacrifice the rights of freed slaves. 
C)  The program gave each freed slave forty acres of land and a mule. 
D)  There was no way the South could have avoided the institution of Radical Reconstruction. 
A)  It aimed to reform the South and increase federal power. 
B)  It demonstrated that even Radical Republicans would sacrifice the rights of freed slaves. 
C)  The program gave each freed slave forty acres of land and a mule. 
D)  There was no way the South could have avoided the institution of Radical Reconstruction. A

Question 4

Answer the following  questions :
-Ten Percent Plan

Accepted Answer

A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation. 
A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation.

Question 5

Why did the debate over Reconstruction devolve into an institutional struggle between the presidency and the Congress?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Constitu

Question 6

Granting suffrage to African American males caused

Accepted Answer

A)  joyful celebrations throughout the North. 
B)  hundreds of women's protests in the Northeast. 
C)  a split in the women's movement. 
D)  antiblack rioting in New York City. 
A)  joyful celebrations throughout the North. 
B)  hundreds of women's protests in the Northeast. 
C)  a split in the women's movement. 
D)  antiblack rioting in New York City.

Question 7

Lincoln is frequently considered our best president for his handling of the Civil War.How effective were his early attempts at Reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

People respected him as a lead

Question 8

Which of the following statements describes the Freedmen's Bureau,which originated in 1865?

Accepted Answer

A)  Founded by ex-Confederate states,the organization helped rebuild the South. 
B)  Created by private citizens,the agency provided aid to former slaves. 
C)  It was originally proposed in Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan,which Congress defeated. 
D)  Created by Congress,it helped ex-slaves adjust to freedom and secure their basic civil rights. 
A)  Founded by ex-Confederate states,the organization helped rebuild the South. 
B)  Created by private citizens,the agency provided aid to former slaves. 
C)  It was originally proposed in Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan,which Congress defeated. 
D)  Created by Congress,it helped ex-slaves adjust to freedom and secure their basic civil rights.

Question 9

How did Abraham Lincoln respond to the Wade-Davis Bill in 1864?

Accepted Answer

A)  He vetoed it,but his veto was overridden by Congress,which insisted that Confederates be punished. 
B)  Lincoln reluctantly agreed to accept it,but the Senate failed to pass it and it never came before him. 
C)  He did not sign it and he opened talks with key congressional representatives to find a compromise solution. 
D)  Lincoln publicly refused to sign it and announced in a major speech that he sought a lenient approach to Reconstruction. 
A)  He vetoed it,but his veto was overridden by Congress,which insisted that Confederates be punished. 
B)  Lincoln reluctantly agreed to accept it,but the Senate failed to pass it and it never came before him. 
C)  He did not sign it and he opened talks with key congressional representatives to find a compromise solution. 
D)  Lincoln publicly refused to sign it and announced in a major speech that he sought a lenient approach to Reconstruction.

Question 10

Answer the following  questions :
-Civil Rights Act of 1875

Accepted Answer

A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation. 
A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation.

Question 11

According to the Constitution,which branch of government is responsible for readmitting states that have seceded from the Union?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Constitution does not address this question. 
B)  The executive branch 
C)  The judicial branch 
D)  The legislative branch 
A)  The Constitution does not address this question. 
B)  The executive branch 
C)  The judicial branch 
D)  The legislative branch

Question 12

Which of the following was the final outcome of the congressional campaigns and elections of 1866?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conservative Republicans and Democrats united to form the National Union Party and won 105 seats in the House. 
B)  Johnson's personal campaigning from Washington to St.Louis and Chicago won back supporters to the Republican Party. 
C)  Johnson suffered a humiliating defeat as Republicans gained a three-to-one margin in Congress. 
D)  Voters expressed their disapproval of the Freedmen's Bureau law and the Fourteenth Amendment. 
A)  Conservative Republicans and Democrats united to form the National Union Party and won 105 seats in the House. 
B)  Johnson's personal campaigning from Washington to St.Louis and Chicago won back supporters to the Republican Party. 
C)  Johnson suffered a humiliating defeat as Republicans gained a three-to-one margin in Congress. 
D)  Voters expressed their disapproval of the Freedmen's Bureau law and the Fourteenth Amendment.

Question 13

During Reconstruction,why was southern Democrats' dismissal of black politicians as ignorant field hands misguided?

Accepted Answer

A)  While all had been slaves,some had been house servants. 
B)  Many had been free artisans or tradesmen. 
C)  The majority of politicians were free blacks from the North. 
D)  Those elected to public office had served in the Union army. 
A)  While all had been slaves,some had been house servants. 
B)  Many had been free artisans or tradesmen. 
C)  The majority of politicians were free blacks from the North. 
D)  Those elected to public office had served in the Union army.

Question 14

Expecting freedom from slavery near the end of the Civil War,most African Americans were eager to

Accepted Answer

A)  find the means to move to the North and seek employment. 
B)  elect African American politicians in order to secure their political rights. 
C)  vote and secure land for economic independence. 
D)  form charities to help former slaves establish independence from their masters. 
A)  find the means to move to the North and seek employment. 
B)  elect African American politicians in order to secure their political rights. 
C)  vote and secure land for economic independence. 
D)  form charities to help former slaves establish independence from their masters.

Question 15

One critical flaw of southern Reconstruction governments was their

Accepted Answer

A)  failure to address the issue of women's rights. 
B)  emphasis on promoting public education for black but not white children. 
C)  support of the convict leasing system. 
D)  failure to exclude religious institutions from government. 
A)  failure to address the issue of women's rights. 
B)  emphasis on promoting public education for black but not white children. 
C)  support of the convict leasing system. 
D)  failure to exclude religious institutions from government.

Question 16

Answer the following  questions :
-Reconstruction Act of 1867

Accepted Answer

A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation. 
A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation.

Question 17

Which of these statements describes the status of African American women in the Reconstruction-era South?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most freedmen refused to allow their wives to work alongside them in the fields. 
B)  In the Reconstruction-era South,freedwomen had the same rights and status as freedmen. 
C)  Emancipation may have increased the subordination of African American women in the black household. 
D)  Freedwomen valued their new right to marry legally and their opportunity to create a stable family life. 
A)  Most freedmen refused to allow their wives to work alongside them in the fields. 
B)  In the Reconstruction-era South,freedwomen had the same rights and status as freedmen. 
C)  Emancipation may have increased the subordination of African American women in the black household. 
D)  Freedwomen valued their new right to marry legally and their opportunity to create a stable family life.

Question 18

Southern Republican state Reconstruction governments pursued which of the following goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ending the sharecropping system 
B)  Expanding the legal rights of married women 
C)  Giving ex-slaves a mule and forty acres of land 
D)  Strengthening cotton agriculture 
A)  Ending the sharecropping system 
B)  Expanding the legal rights of married women 
C)  Giving ex-slaves a mule and forty acres of land 
D)  Strengthening cotton agriculture

Question 19

Those who participated in the creation and implementation of Radical Reconstruction intended to

Accepted Answer

A)  achieve a new southern society in the North's image. 
B)  bring the South back into the Union with minimal bitterness. 
C)  rebuild the South's shattered infrastructure. 
D)  create a new South with full equality and without racism. 
A)  achieve a new southern society in the North's image. 
B)  bring the South back into the Union with minimal bitterness. 
C)  rebuild the South's shattered infrastructure. 
D)  create a new South with full equality and without racism.

Question 20

Answer the following  questions :
-classical liberalism

Accepted Answer

A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation. 
A) A plan proposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War,but never implemented,that would have granted amnesty to most ex-Confederates and allowed each rebellious state to return to the Union as soon as 10 percent of its voters had taken a loyalty oath and the state had approved the Thirteenth Amendment. 
B) A bill proposed by Congress in July 1864 that required an oath of allegiance by a majority of each state's adult white men,new governments formed only by those who had never taken up arms against the Union,and permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders.The plan was passed but pocket vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln. 
C) Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War that denied ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites,punished vague crimes such as "vagrancy" or failing to have a labor contract,and tried to force African Americans back to plantation labor systems that closely mirrored those in slavery times. 
D) Government organization created in March 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees.Active until the early 1870s,it was the first federal agency in history that provided direct payments to assist those in poverty and to foster social welfare. 
E) Legislation passed by Congress that nullified the Black Codes and affirmed that African Americans should have equal benefit of the law.
F)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that made all native-born or naturalized persons U.S.citizens and prohibited states from abridging the rights of national citizens,thus giving primacy to national rather than state citizenship.
G)An act that divided the conquered South into five military districts,each under the command of a U.S.general.To reenter the Union,former Confederate states had to grant the vote to freedmen and deny it to leading ex-Confederates.
H)Constitutional amendment ratified in 1869 that forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on grounds of race,color,or "previous condition of servitude."
I)A women's suffrage organization led by Lucy Stone,Henry Blackwell,and others who remained loyal to the Republican Party,despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the Reconstruction Amendments.Stressing the urgency of voting rights for African American men,leaders of this organization held out hope that once Reconstruction had been settled,it would be women's turn.
J)A suffrage group headed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B.Anthony that stressed the need for women to lead organizations on their own behalf.The NWSA focused exclusively on women's rights-sometimes denigrating men of color in the process-and took up the battle for a federal women's suffrage amendment.
K)A Supreme Court decision in 1875 that ruled that suffrage rights were not inherent in citizenship and had not been granted by the Fourteenth Amendment,as some women's rights advocates argued.Women were citizens,the Court ruled,but state legislatures could deny women the vote if they wished.
L)A trial,triggered by revelations made by free love advocate and journalist Victoria Woodhull,that exposed unconventional sexual relationships among a leading New York abolitionist pastor and his congregants,discrediting Radical Reconstruction by associating some of its advocates with alleged sexual immorality.
M)The labor system by which landowners and impoverished southern farmworkers,particularly African Americans,divided the proceeds from crops harvested on the landowner's property.With local merchants providing supplies-in exchange for a lien on the crop-this labor system pushed farmers into cash-crop production and often trapped them in long-term debt.
N)Notorious system,begun during Reconstruction,whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries.
O)A law that required "full and equal" access to jury service and to transportation and public accommodations,irrespective of race.
P)The political ideology of individual liberty,private property,a competitive market economy,free trade,and limited government.The ideal is a laissez faire or "let alone" policy,in which government does the least possible,particularly in reference to economic policies such as tariffs and incentives for industrial development.Attacking corruption and defending private property,late-nineteenth-century liberals generally called for elite governance and questioned the advisability of full democratic participation.
Q)A sham corporation set up by shareholders in the Union Pacific Railroad to secure government grants at an enormous profit.Organizers of the scheme protected it from investigation by providing gifts of its stock to powerful members of Congress.
R)Secret society that first undertook violence against African Americans in the South after the Civil War but was reborn in 1915 to fight the perceived threats posed by African Americans,immigrants,radicals,feminists,Catholics,and Jews.
S)Acts passed in Congress in 1870 and signed by President U.S.Grant that were designed to protect freedmen's rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.Authorizing federal prosecutions,military intervention,and martial law to suppress terrorist activity,the Enforcement Laws largely succeeded in shutting down Klan activities.
T)A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.
U)A series of 1883 Supreme Court decisions that struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875,rolling back key Reconstruction laws and paving the way for later decisions that sanctioned segregation.

Exam 14: Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Which of these events spurred Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act in April 1866?

Which of the following pairs identified with the Radical Republicans?

Which of the following statements describes Radical Reconstruction?

Answer the following questions : -Ten Percent Plan

Why did the debate over Reconstruction devolve into an institutional struggle between the presidency and the Congress?

Granting suffrage to African American males caused

Lincoln is frequently considered our best president for his handling of the Civil War.How effective were his early attempts at Reconstruction?

Which of the following statements describes the Freedmen's Bureau,which originated in 1865?

How did Abraham Lincoln respond to the Wade-Davis Bill in 1864?

Answer the following questions : -Civil Rights Act of 1875

According to the Constitution,which branch of government is responsible for readmitting states that have seceded from the Union?

Which of the following was the final outcome of the congressional campaigns and elections of 1866?

During Reconstruction,why was southern Democrats' dismissal of black politicians as ignorant field hands misguided?

Expecting freedom from slavery near the end of the Civil War,most African Americans were eager to

One critical flaw of southern Reconstruction governments was their

Answer the following questions : -Reconstruction Act of 1867

Which of these statements describes the status of African American women in the Reconstruction-era South?

Southern Republican state Reconstruction governments pursued which of the following goals?

Those who participated in the creation and implementation of Radical Reconstruction intended to

Answer the following questions : -classical liberalism

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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