Question 1

In 1832,a South Carolina state convention committed which of the following actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the state 
B)  Ordered the state militia to arrest customs officials and to impound their collections 
C)  Declared that the state had decided to secede from the Union 
D)  Threatened to impeach Jackson for his unconstitutional actions 
A)  Declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the state 
B)  Ordered the state militia to arrest customs officials and to impound their collections 
C)  Declared that the state had decided to secede from the Union 
D)  Threatened to impeach Jackson for his unconstitutional actions A

Question 2

Which of the following factors contributed to the sharp decline in the American birthrate from 1790 to 1820?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pioneer families' migration into the trans-Appalachian West 
B)  The growing acceptance and availability of contraception in American society 
C)  Fathers' desire for fewer children in order to ensure the adequacy of their inheritances 
D)  The ideology of republican motherhood,which directed mothers to produce virtuous male citizens 
A)  Pioneer families' migration into the trans-Appalachian West 
B)  The growing acceptance and availability of contraception in American society 
C)  Fathers' desire for fewer children in order to ensure the adequacy of their inheritances 
D)  The ideology of republican motherhood,which directed mothers to produce virtuous male citizens C

Question 3

Which of the following was the primary function of the Second Bank of the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  To make a profit for the federal government through judicious loans to the country's most promising entrepreneurs 
B)  To keep the economy in equilibrium by raising or lowering interest rates in response to changes in the capitalist business cycle 
C)  To stabilize the nation's money supply by forcing state banks to convert their paper money periodically into gold and silver coin 
D)  To serve as a clearinghouse for foreign investments and currency in order to raise the country's international economic standing 
A)  To make a profit for the federal government through judicious loans to the country's most promising entrepreneurs 
B)  To keep the economy in equilibrium by raising or lowering interest rates in response to changes in the capitalist business cycle 
C)  To stabilize the nation's money supply by forcing state banks to convert their paper money periodically into gold and silver coin 
D)  To serve as a clearinghouse for foreign investments and currency in order to raise the country's international economic standing C

Question 4

Andrew Jackson and his supporters won the election in 1828 in part by

Accepted Answer

A)  repudiating the growing authority of political powers. 
B)  promising to expand and extend Clay's American System. 
C)  calling themselves Democrats to portray a more egalitarian image. 
D)  branding his opponent as "Old Hickory" to emphasize his old-fashioned political style. 
A)  repudiating the growing authority of political powers. 
B)  promising to expand and extend Clay's American System. 
C)  calling themselves Democrats to portray a more egalitarian image. 
D)  branding his opponent as "Old Hickory" to emphasize his old-fashioned political style.

Question 5

What aspect of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as contrary to republican ideals?

Accepted Answer

A)  The committee system in Congress 
B)  Political parties 
C)  The two-term presidency 
D)  The Supreme Court's judicial review 
A)  The committee system in Congress 
B)  Political parties 
C)  The two-term presidency 
D)  The Supreme Court's judicial review

Question 6

Discuss the relationship between the growth of democracy and the emergence of disciplined political parties in the period between 1810 and the 1840s.Were the two developments necessarily linked? Or did they just happen at the same time? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Growth o

Question 7

On what basis did Americans decide to become Democrats or Whigs in the 1830s and 1840s?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Ethnocul

Question 8

Answer the following  questions :
-ethnocultural politics

Accepted Answer

A) The right to vote.Between 1820 and 1860,most states revised their constitutions to extend the vote to all adult white males.Black adult men gained the right to vote with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).The Nineteenth Amendment (1920)granted adult women the right to vote. 
B) Northern landlords,slave-owning planters,and seaport merchants who dominated the political system of the early nineteenth century. 
C) A highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party.As the power of notables waned in the 1820s,disciplined political parties usually run by professional politicians appeared in a number of states. 
D) The widespread award of public jobs to political supporters after an electoral victory.In 1829,Andrew Jackson instituted the system on the national level,arguing that the rotation of officeholders was preferable to a permanent group of bureaucrats. 
E) A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates,make policies,and enforce party discipline.
F)The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams,with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system;protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry;and a nationally funded network of roads,canals,and railroads.
G)Public works such as roads and canals.
H)A term used by Andrew Jackson's supporters for the appointment by President John Quincy Adams of Henry Clay as his secretary of state,the traditional stepping-stone to the presidency.Clay had used his influence as Speaker of the House to elect Adams rather than Jackson in the election in 1824.
I)A term meaning a powerful and potentially oppressive national government.
J)A tariff enacted in 1828 that raised duties significantly on raw materials,textiles,and iron goods.New York Senator Van Buren hoped to win the support of farmers in New York,Ohio,and Kentucky with the tariff,but it enraged the South,which had no industries that needed tariff protection and resented the higher cost of imported dutied goods.
K)The constitutional argument advanced by John C.Calhoun that a state legislature or convention could void a law passed by Congress.
L)An interpretation of the Constitution that exalts the sovereignty of the states and circumscribes the authority of the national government.
M)National bank with multiple branches chartered in 1816 for twenty years.Intended to help regulate the economy,the bank became a major issue in Andrew Jackson's reelection campaign in 1832.
N)Act that directed the mandatory relocation of eastern tribes to territory west of the Mississippi.Jackson insisted that his goal was to save the Indians and their culture.Indians resisted the controversial act,but in the end most were forced to comply.
O)Forced westward journey of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia to present-day Oklahoma in 1838.Nearly a quarter of the Cherokees died en route.
P)The principle that the less government does,the better,particularly in reference to the economy.
Q)This second national party arose in 1834 when a group of congressmen contested Andrew Jackson's policies and conduct.The party identified itself with the pre-Revolutionary American and British parties of the same name that had opposed the arbitrary actions of British monarchs.
R)Triggered by a sharp reduction in English capital and credit flowing into the United States,the cash shortage caused a panic while the collapse of credit led to a depression-the second major economic crisis of the United States-that lasted from 1837 to 1843.
S)An executive order in 1836 that required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for lands in the national domain.
T)Refers to the fact that the political allegiance of many American voters was determined less by party policy than by their membership in a specific ethnic or religious group. 
A) The right to vote.Between 1820 and 1860,most states revised their constitutions to extend the vote to all adult white males.Black adult men gained the right to vote with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).The Nineteenth Amendment (1920)granted adult women the right to vote. 
B) Northern landlords,slave-owning planters,and seaport merchants who dominated the political system of the early nineteenth century. 
C) A highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party.As the power of notables waned in the 1820s,disciplined political parties usually run by professional politicians appeared in a number of states. 
D) The widespread award of public jobs to political supporters after an electoral victory.In 1829,Andrew Jackson instituted the system on the national level,arguing that the rotation of officeholders was preferable to a permanent group of bureaucrats. 
E) A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates,make policies,and enforce party discipline.
F)The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams,with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system;protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry;and a nationally funded network of roads,canals,and railroads.
G)Public works such as roads and canals.
H)A term used by Andrew Jackson's supporters for the appointment by President John Quincy Adams of Henry Clay as his secretary of state,the traditional stepping-stone to the presidency.Clay had used his influence as Speaker of the House to elect Adams rather than Jackson in the election in 1824.
I)A term meaning a powerful and potentially oppressive national government.
J)A tariff enacted in 1828 that raised duties significantly on raw materials,textiles,and iron goods.New York Senator Van Buren hoped to win the support of farmers in New York,Ohio,and Kentucky with the tariff,but it enraged the South,which had no industries that needed tariff protection and resented the higher cost of imported dutied goods.
K)The constitutional argument advanced by John C.Calhoun that a state legislature or convention could void a law passed by Congress.
L)An interpretation of the Constitution that exalts the sovereignty of the states and circumscribes the authority of the national government.
M)National bank with multiple branches chartered in 1816 for twenty years.Intended to help regulate the economy,the bank became a major issue in Andrew Jackson's reelection campaign in 1832.
N)Act that directed the mandatory relocation of eastern tribes to territory west of the Mississippi.Jackson insisted that his goal was to save the Indians and their culture.Indians resisted the controversial act,but in the end most were forced to comply.
O)Forced westward journey of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia to present-day Oklahoma in 1838.Nearly a quarter of the Cherokees died en route.
P)The principle that the less government does,the better,particularly in reference to the economy.
Q)This second national party arose in 1834 when a group of congressmen contested Andrew Jackson's policies and conduct.The party identified itself with the pre-Revolutionary American and British parties of the same name that had opposed the arbitrary actions of British monarchs.
R)Triggered by a sharp reduction in English capital and credit flowing into the United States,the cash shortage caused a panic while the collapse of credit led to a depression-the second major economic crisis of the United States-that lasted from 1837 to 1843.
S)An executive order in 1836 that required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for lands in the national domain.
T)Refers to the fact that the political allegiance of many American voters was determined less by party policy than by their membership in a specific ethnic or religious group.

Question 9

Which of the following statements characterizes the American party system by the early 1840s?

Accepted Answer

A)  As the 1840 election demonstrated,the Whigs clearly held the edge in party discipline and mass loyalty. 
B)  The two parties offered nearly the same social and economic platform but employed differing campaign styles to attract voters. 
C)  The practice of Americans voting for a particular party along ethnic and religious lines began to emerge. 
D)  The Democrats had a major advantage in their wealth and the cohesiveness of their leadership and support. 
A)  As the 1840 election demonstrated,the Whigs clearly held the edge in party discipline and mass loyalty. 
B)  The two parties offered nearly the same social and economic platform but employed differing campaign styles to attract voters. 
C)  The practice of Americans voting for a particular party along ethnic and religious lines began to emerge. 
D)  The Democrats had a major advantage in their wealth and the cohesiveness of their leadership and support.

Question 10

In 1835,Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that "the most able men in the United States are rarely placed at the head of affairs." To what did he attribute this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whig Party policies 
B)  Democracy 
C)  Industrialization 
D)  More money could be made in business than in politics 
A)  Whig Party policies 
B)  Democracy 
C)  Industrialization 
D)  More money could be made in business than in politics

Question 11

Who is considered the first real politician,partly because he created the first statewide political machine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexander Hamilton 
B)  John Quincy Adams 
C)  Martin Van Buren 
D)  Andrew Jackson 
A)  Alexander Hamilton 
B)  John Quincy Adams 
C)  Martin Van Buren 
D)  Andrew Jackson

Question 12

Which of the following statements describes events surrounding the election of 1824?

Accepted Answer

A)  John Quincy Adams became president even though Andrew Jackson had more popular votes. 
B)  It was the first time a presidential election was decided by the House of Representatives. 
C)  The Republican candidate William Crawford died from a stroke in the midst of the campaign. 
D)  The disputed outcome led to extended rioting in several large southern cities. 
A)  John Quincy Adams became president even though Andrew Jackson had more popular votes. 
B)  It was the first time a presidential election was decided by the House of Representatives. 
C)  The Republican candidate William Crawford died from a stroke in the midst of the campaign. 
D)  The disputed outcome led to extended rioting in several large southern cities.

Question 13

Why did John C.Calhoun believe that "constitutional government and the government of a majority are utterly incompatible"? How did the politics of his day reinforce his belief?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Calhoun'

Question 14

Which of the following laws required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for purchases of federal land?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Independent Treasury Act of 1840 
B)  The Specie Circular 
C)  The National Road Bill 
D)  The Commercial Credit Act 
A)  The Independent Treasury Act of 1840 
B)  The Specie Circular 
C)  The National Road Bill 
D)  The Commercial Credit Act

Question 15

Why did Andrew Jackson veto the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?

Accepted Answer

A)  His opponents in Congress,most of whom supported the Second Bank,had tried to embarrass him politically. 
B)  He thought it interfered with the rights of states and the liberties of the people. 
C)  French aristocrats had invested heavily in the bank and he objected to their influence. 
D)  One of his major congressional opponents,Daniel Webster,directed the Boston branch of the bank. 
A)  His opponents in Congress,most of whom supported the Second Bank,had tried to embarrass him politically. 
B)  He thought it interfered with the rights of states and the liberties of the people. 
C)  French aristocrats had invested heavily in the bank and he objected to their influence. 
D)  One of his major congressional opponents,Daniel Webster,directed the Boston branch of the bank.

Question 16

Answer the following  questions :
-corrupt bargain

Accepted Answer

A) The right to vote.Between 1820 and 1860,most states revised their constitutions to extend the vote to all adult white males.Black adult men gained the right to vote with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).The Nineteenth Amendment (1920)granted adult women the right to vote. 
B) Northern landlords,slave-owning planters,and seaport merchants who dominated the political system of the early nineteenth century. 
C) A highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party.As the power of notables waned in the 1820s,disciplined political parties usually run by professional politicians appeared in a number of states. 
D) The widespread award of public jobs to political supporters after an electoral victory.In 1829,Andrew Jackson instituted the system on the national level,arguing that the rotation of officeholders was preferable to a permanent group of bureaucrats. 
E) A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates,make policies,and enforce party discipline.
F)The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams,with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system;protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry;and a nationally funded network of roads,canals,and railroads.
G)Public works such as roads and canals.
H)A term used by Andrew Jackson's supporters for the appointment by President John Quincy Adams of Henry Clay as his secretary of state,the traditional stepping-stone to the presidency.Clay had used his influence as Speaker of the House to elect Adams rather than Jackson in the election in 1824.
I)A term meaning a powerful and potentially oppressive national government.
J)A tariff enacted in 1828 that raised duties significantly on raw materials,textiles,and iron goods.New York Senator Van Buren hoped to win the support of farmers in New York,Ohio,and Kentucky with the tariff,but it enraged the South,which had no industries that needed tariff protection and resented the higher cost of imported dutied goods.
K)The constitutional argument advanced by John C.Calhoun that a state legislature or convention could void a law passed by Congress.
L)An interpretation of the Constitution that exalts the sovereignty of the states and circumscribes the authority of the national government.
M)National bank with multiple branches chartered in 1816 for twenty years.Intended to help regulate the economy,the bank became a major issue in Andrew Jackson's reelection campaign in 1832.
N)Act that directed the mandatory relocation of eastern tribes to territory west of the Mississippi.Jackson insisted that his goal was to save the Indians and their culture.Indians resisted the controversial act,but in the end most were forced to comply.
O)Forced westward journey of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia to present-day Oklahoma in 1838.Nearly a quarter of the Cherokees died en route.
P)The principle that the less government does,the better,particularly in reference to the economy.
Q)This second national party arose in 1834 when a group of congressmen contested Andrew Jackson's policies and conduct.The party identified itself with the pre-Revolutionary American and British parties of the same name that had opposed the arbitrary actions of British monarchs.
R)Triggered by a sharp reduction in English capital and credit flowing into the United States,the cash shortage caused a panic while the collapse of credit led to a depression-the second major economic crisis of the United States-that lasted from 1837 to 1843.
S)An executive order in 1836 that required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for lands in the national domain.
T)Refers to the fact that the political allegiance of many American voters was determined less by party policy than by their membership in a specific ethnic or religious group. 
A) The right to vote.Between 1820 and 1860,most states revised their constitutions to extend the vote to all adult white males.Black adult men gained the right to vote with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).The Nineteenth Amendment (1920)granted adult women the right to vote. 
B) Northern landlords,slave-owning planters,and seaport merchants who dominated the political system of the early nineteenth century. 
C) A highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party.As the power of notables waned in the 1820s,disciplined political parties usually run by professional politicians appeared in a number of states. 
D) The widespread award of public jobs to political supporters after an electoral victory.In 1829,Andrew Jackson instituted the system on the national level,arguing that the rotation of officeholders was preferable to a permanent group of bureaucrats. 
E) A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates,make policies,and enforce party discipline.
F)The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams,with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system;protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry;and a nationally funded network of roads,canals,and railroads.
G)Public works such as roads and canals.
H)A term used by Andrew Jackson's supporters for the appointment by President John Quincy Adams of Henry Clay as his secretary of state,the traditional stepping-stone to the presidency.Clay had used his influence as Speaker of the House to elect Adams rather than Jackson in the election in 1824.
I)A term meaning a powerful and potentially oppressive national government.
J)A tariff enacted in 1828 that raised duties significantly on raw materials,textiles,and iron goods.New York Senator Van Buren hoped to win the support of farmers in New York,Ohio,and Kentucky with the tariff,but it enraged the South,which had no industries that needed tariff protection and resented the higher cost of imported dutied goods.
K)The constitutional argument advanced by John C.Calhoun that a state legislature or convention could void a law passed by Congress.
L)An interpretation of the Constitution that exalts the sovereignty of the states and circumscribes the authority of the national government.
M)National bank with multiple branches chartered in 1816 for twenty years.Intended to help regulate the economy,the bank became a major issue in Andrew Jackson's reelection campaign in 1832.
N)Act that directed the mandatory relocation of eastern tribes to territory west of the Mississippi.Jackson insisted that his goal was to save the Indians and their culture.Indians resisted the controversial act,but in the end most were forced to comply.
O)Forced westward journey of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia to present-day Oklahoma in 1838.Nearly a quarter of the Cherokees died en route.
P)The principle that the less government does,the better,particularly in reference to the economy.
Q)This second national party arose in 1834 when a group of congressmen contested Andrew Jackson's policies and conduct.The party identified itself with the pre-Revolutionary American and British parties of the same name that had opposed the arbitrary actions of British monarchs.
R)Triggered by a sharp reduction in English capital and credit flowing into the United States,the cash shortage caused a panic while the collapse of credit led to a depression-the second major economic crisis of the United States-that lasted from 1837 to 1843.
S)An executive order in 1836 that required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for lands in the national domain.
T)Refers to the fact that the political allegiance of many American voters was determined less by party policy than by their membership in a specific ethnic or religious group.

Question 17

How did Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina's claimed right of nullification in 1832?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jackson asked Congress to raise the tariff rates even higher if South Carolina did not stop its threats. 
B)  He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress any act of nullification. 
C)  He pulled federal troops and navy ships out of forts and ports in South Carolina where they might have provoked an attack by the South Carolina militia. 
D)  Jackson asked Congress to prepare a bill to expel South Carolina from the Union if it did not stop its threats. 
A)  Jackson asked Congress to raise the tariff rates even higher if South Carolina did not stop its threats. 
B)  He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress any act of nullification. 
C)  He pulled federal troops and navy ships out of forts and ports in South Carolina where they might have provoked an attack by the South Carolina militia. 
D)  Jackson asked Congress to prepare a bill to expel South Carolina from the Union if it did not stop its threats.

Question 18

In the landmark case of Charles River Bridge Co.v.Warren Bridge Co.(1837),Chief Justice Roger B.Taney and the U.S.Supreme Court did which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reaffirmed John Marshall's interpretation of the contract clause in the U.S.Constitution 
B)  Upheld the protected legal position of existing state-chartered monopolies 
C)  Encouraged competitive enterprise,opening the way for legislatures to charter railroad companies 
D)  Ruled that the city of New York could use its "police power" to inspect new immigrants' health 
A)  Reaffirmed John Marshall's interpretation of the contract clause in the U.S.Constitution 
B)  Upheld the protected legal position of existing state-chartered monopolies 
C)  Encouraged competitive enterprise,opening the way for legislatures to charter railroad companies 
D)  Ruled that the city of New York could use its "police power" to inspect new immigrants' health

Question 19

Answer the following  questions :
-political machine

Accepted Answer

A) The right to vote.Between 1820 and 1860,most states revised their constitutions to extend the vote to all adult white males.Black adult men gained the right to vote with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).The Nineteenth Amendment (1920)granted adult women the right to vote. 
B) Northern landlords,slave-owning planters,and seaport merchants who dominated the political system of the early nineteenth century. 
C) A highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party.As the power of notables waned in the 1820s,disciplined political parties usually run by professional politicians appeared in a number of states. 
D) The widespread award of public jobs to political supporters after an electoral victory.In 1829,Andrew Jackson instituted the system on the national level,arguing that the rotation of officeholders was preferable to a permanent group of bureaucrats. 
E) A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates,make policies,and enforce party discipline.
F)The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams,with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system;protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry;and a nationally funded network of roads,canals,and railroads.
G)Public works such as roads and canals.
H)A term used by Andrew Jackson's supporters for the appointment by President John Quincy Adams of Henry Clay as his secretary of state,the traditional stepping-stone to the presidency.Clay had used his influence as Speaker of the House to elect Adams rather than Jackson in the election in 1824.
I)A term meaning a powerful and potentially oppressive national government.
J)A tariff enacted in 1828 that raised duties significantly on raw materials,textiles,and iron goods.New York Senator Van Buren hoped to win the support of farmers in New York,Ohio,and Kentucky with the tariff,but it enraged the South,which had no industries that needed tariff protection and resented the higher cost of imported dutied goods.
K)The constitutional argument advanced by John C.Calhoun that a state legislature or convention could void a law passed by Congress.
L)An interpretation of the Constitution that exalts the sovereignty of the states and circumscribes the authority of the national government.
M)National bank with multiple branches chartered in 1816 for twenty years.Intended to help regulate the economy,the bank became a major issue in Andrew Jackson's reelection campaign in 1832.
N)Act that directed the mandatory relocation of eastern tribes to territory west of the Mississippi.Jackson insisted that his goal was to save the Indians and their culture.Indians resisted the controversial act,but in the end most were forced to comply.
O)Forced westward journey of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia to present-day Oklahoma in 1838.Nearly a quarter of the Cherokees died en route.
P)The principle that the less government does,the better,particularly in reference to the economy.
Q)This second national party arose in 1834 when a group of congressmen contested Andrew Jackson's policies and conduct.The party identified itself with the pre-Revolutionary American and British parties of the same name that had opposed the arbitrary actions of British monarchs.
R)Triggered by a sharp reduction in English capital and credit flowing into the United States,the cash shortage caused a panic while the collapse of credit led to a depression-the second major economic crisis of the United States-that lasted from 1837 to 1843.
S)An executive order in 1836 that required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for lands in the national domain.
T)Refers to the fact that the political allegiance of many American voters was determined less by party policy than by their membership in a specific ethnic or religious group. 
A) The right to vote.Between 1820 and 1860,most states revised their constitutions to extend the vote to all adult white males.Black adult men gained the right to vote with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868).The Nineteenth Amendment (1920)granted adult women the right to vote. 
B) Northern landlords,slave-owning planters,and seaport merchants who dominated the political system of the early nineteenth century. 
C) A highly organized group of insiders that directs a political party.As the power of notables waned in the 1820s,disciplined political parties usually run by professional politicians appeared in a number of states. 
D) The widespread award of public jobs to political supporters after an electoral victory.In 1829,Andrew Jackson instituted the system on the national level,arguing that the rotation of officeholders was preferable to a permanent group of bureaucrats. 
E) A meeting held by a political party to choose candidates,make policies,and enforce party discipline.
F)The mercantilist system of national economic development advocated by Henry Clay and adopted by John Quincy Adams,with a national bank to manage the nation's financial system;protective tariffs to provide revenue and encourage industry;and a nationally funded network of roads,canals,and railroads.
G)Public works such as roads and canals.
H)A term used by Andrew Jackson's supporters for the appointment by President John Quincy Adams of Henry Clay as his secretary of state,the traditional stepping-stone to the presidency.Clay had used his influence as Speaker of the House to elect Adams rather than Jackson in the election in 1824.
I)A term meaning a powerful and potentially oppressive national government.
J)A tariff enacted in 1828 that raised duties significantly on raw materials,textiles,and iron goods.New York Senator Van Buren hoped to win the support of farmers in New York,Ohio,and Kentucky with the tariff,but it enraged the South,which had no industries that needed tariff protection and resented the higher cost of imported dutied goods.
K)The constitutional argument advanced by John C.Calhoun that a state legislature or convention could void a law passed by Congress.
L)An interpretation of the Constitution that exalts the sovereignty of the states and circumscribes the authority of the national government.
M)National bank with multiple branches chartered in 1816 for twenty years.Intended to help regulate the economy,the bank became a major issue in Andrew Jackson's reelection campaign in 1832.
N)Act that directed the mandatory relocation of eastern tribes to territory west of the Mississippi.Jackson insisted that his goal was to save the Indians and their culture.Indians resisted the controversial act,but in the end most were forced to comply.
O)Forced westward journey of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia to present-day Oklahoma in 1838.Nearly a quarter of the Cherokees died en route.
P)The principle that the less government does,the better,particularly in reference to the economy.
Q)This second national party arose in 1834 when a group of congressmen contested Andrew Jackson's policies and conduct.The party identified itself with the pre-Revolutionary American and British parties of the same name that had opposed the arbitrary actions of British monarchs.
R)Triggered by a sharp reduction in English capital and credit flowing into the United States,the cash shortage caused a panic while the collapse of credit led to a depression-the second major economic crisis of the United States-that lasted from 1837 to 1843.
S)An executive order in 1836 that required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for lands in the national domain.
T)Refers to the fact that the political allegiance of many American voters was determined less by party policy than by their membership in a specific ethnic or religious group.

Question 20

Politicians from modest backgrounds tended to support which of the following reforms in the 1810s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tax increases for the rich 
B)  Restrictions on imprisonment for debt 
C)  Mandatory military service for young men 
D)  Limited suffrage for women 
A)  Tax increases for the rich 
B)  Restrictions on imprisonment for debt 
C)  Mandatory military service for young men 
D)  Limited suffrage for women

Exam 9: A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

In 1832,a South Carolina state convention committed which of the following actions?

Which of the following factors contributed to the sharp decline in the American birthrate from 1790 to 1820?

Which of the following was the primary function of the Second Bank of the United States?

Andrew Jackson and his supporters won the election in 1828 in part by

What aspect of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as contrary to republican ideals?

Discuss the relationship between the growth of democracy and the emergence of disciplined political parties in the period between 1810 and the 1840s.Were the two developments necessarily linked? Or did they just happen at the same time? Explain your answer.

On what basis did Americans decide to become Democrats or Whigs in the 1830s and 1840s?

Answer the following questions : -ethnocultural politics

Which of the following statements characterizes the American party system by the early 1840s?

In 1835,Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that "the most able men in the United States are rarely placed at the head of affairs." To what did he attribute this phenomenon?

Who is considered the first real politician,partly because he created the first statewide political machine?

Which of the following statements describes events surrounding the election of 1824?

Why did John C.Calhoun believe that "constitutional government and the government of a majority are utterly incompatible"? How did the politics of his day reinforce his belief?

Which of the following laws required the Treasury Department to accept only gold and silver in payment for purchases of federal land?

Why did Andrew Jackson veto the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?

Answer the following questions : -corrupt bargain

How did Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina's claimed right of nullification in 1832?

In the landmark case of Charles River Bridge Co.v.Warren Bridge Co.(1837),Chief Justice Roger B.Taney and the U.S.Supreme Court did which of the following?

Answer the following questions : -political machine

Politicians from modest backgrounds tended to support which of the following reforms in the 1810s?

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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