Question 1

Farmers on the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century often faced which of the following natural challenges that could easily destroy crops?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hurricanes 
B)  Dust storms 
C)  Hailstorms 
D)  Earthquakes 
A)  Hurricanes 
B)  Dust storms 
C)  Hailstorms 
D)  Earthquakes

Question 2

Answer the following  questions :
-Exodusters

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 3

Which of the following describes the Homestead Act of 1862?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provided 160 acres of free land to qualifying white men. 
B)  Homesteaders were required to occupy and improve the land. 
C)  Republican leaders hoped it would bring white settlers to the Pacific coastal regions. 
D)  Land speculators accumulated most of the available homesteads. 
A)  It provided 160 acres of free land to qualifying white men. 
B)  Homesteaders were required to occupy and improve the land. 
C)  Republican leaders hoped it would bring white settlers to the Pacific coastal regions. 
D)  Land speculators accumulated most of the available homesteads.

Question 4

Under whose leadership were the Nez Perce when they were fleeing from encroaching whites in the 1870s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joseph 
B)  Sitting Bull 
C)  Lone Wolf 
D)  Geronimo 
A)  Joseph 
B)  Sitting Bull 
C)  Lone Wolf 
D)  Geronimo

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the Sand Creek massacre?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was the last event in the Indian Wars. 
B)  A Cheyenne camp under federal protection was brutally attacked by a state militia. 
C)  John Chivington believed it was necessary because the Cheyenne were so hostile. 
D)  It killed most Cheyenne men,leaving women and children without support. 
A)  It was the last event in the Indian Wars. 
B)  A Cheyenne camp under federal protection was brutally attacked by a state militia. 
C)  John Chivington believed it was necessary because the Cheyenne were so hostile. 
D)  It killed most Cheyenne men,leaving women and children without support.

Question 6

Which of the following was a consequence of widespread settlement on the Great Plains after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  Improved Indian relationships 
B)  A decline in railroad building 
C)  New rights and opportunities for many women 
D)  The explosive growth of the mining industry 
A)  Improved Indian relationships 
B)  A decline in railroad building 
C)  New rights and opportunities for many women 
D)  The explosive growth of the mining industry

Question 7

Which of the following phenomena led the U.S.government to dismantle the Indian reservation system it had previously established?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indian resistance 
B)  The Office of Indian Affairs 
C)  White land hunger 
D)  Indian schools 
A)  Indian resistance 
B)  The Office of Indian Affairs 
C)  White land hunger 
D)  Indian schools

Question 8

Answer the following  questions :
-U.S.Fisheries Commission

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 9

Answer the following  questions :
-Dawes Severalty Act

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 10

For this question,refer to the following map,"Expansion of the Railroad System,1870-1890."   The map above best serves as evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)  the federal government's violation of treaties between the United States and American Indian nations. 
B)  the emergence of an industrial culture in the United States. 
C)  the extension of public control over natural resources,including land and water. 
D)  questions about the status and legal rights of Hispanics and American Indians. 
A)  the federal government's violation of treaties between the United States and American Indian nations. 
B)  the emergence of an industrial culture in the United States. 
C)  the extension of public control over natural resources,including land and water. 
D)  questions about the status and legal rights of Hispanics and American Indians.

Question 11

Would it be possible to write an account of the settlement of the Great Plains and Far West without taking account of the natural environment? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Importan

Question 12

The majority of white settlers on the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century viewed themselves as

Accepted Answer

A)  conquerors over the wilds of nature. 
B)  warriors who had to defeat the natives. 
C)  responsible for preserving the environment for future generations. 
D)  simple subsistence farmers with modest wants and needs. 
A)  conquerors over the wilds of nature. 
B)  warriors who had to defeat the natives. 
C)  responsible for preserving the environment for future generations. 
D)  simple subsistence farmers with modest wants and needs.

Question 13

Why were late-nineteenth-century farms on the Great Plains much larger than eastern farms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homesteaders were usually able to purchase more than the minimum allotment of land. 
B)  Dry farming techniques required about three hundred acres to support a family. 
C)  European immigrant farmers were accustomed to caring for large farms. 
D)  The land was so fertile that farmers could grow more with less work. 
A)  Homesteaders were usually able to purchase more than the minimum allotment of land. 
B)  Dry farming techniques required about three hundred acres to support a family. 
C)  European immigrant farmers were accustomed to caring for large farms. 
D)  The land was so fertile that farmers could grow more with less work.

Question 14

Answer the following  questions :
-protective tariff

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 15

Answer the following  questions :
-Lone Wolf v.Hitchcock

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 16

For this question,refer to the following map,"Expansion of the Railroad System,1870-1890."   The process depicted in the map above reflects

Accepted Answer

A)  competition for land and violent conflict. 
B)  conflicts between business interests and conservationists. 
C)  the environmental transformation of regions. 
D)  increased migrations from Asia and Central and Eastern Europe. 
A)  competition for land and violent conflict. 
B)  conflicts between business interests and conservationists. 
C)  the environmental transformation of regions. 
D)  increased migrations from Asia and Central and Eastern Europe.

Question 17

Answer the following  questions :
-Ghost Dance movement

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 18

The 1868 Burlingame Treaty achieved the American goal of

Accepted Answer

A)  annexing Hawaii. 
B)  purchasing Alaska. 
C)  setting the terms of emigration for Chinese laborers. 
D)  reopening international access to Japanese ports. 
A)  annexing Hawaii. 
B)  purchasing Alaska. 
C)  setting the terms of emigration for Chinese laborers. 
D)  reopening international access to Japanese ports.

Question 19

What prompted the U.S.government to set aside natural reserves such as Yellowstone? What were the results of that policy?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Fear of

Question 20

What did the U.S.government do during the Civil War and Reconstruction to advance the integration of the national economy and consolidate a continental empire? In what ways was this process beneficial? How was it also detrimental?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Republic

Exam 15: Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Farmers on the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century often faced which of the following natural challenges that could easily destroy crops?

Answer the following questions : -Exodusters

Which of the following describes the Homestead Act of 1862?

Under whose leadership were the Nez Perce when they were fleeing from encroaching whites in the 1870s?

Which of the following is true of the Sand Creek massacre?

Which of the following was a consequence of widespread settlement on the Great Plains after the Civil War?

Which of the following phenomena led the U.S.government to dismantle the Indian reservation system it had previously established?

Answer the following questions : -U.S.Fisheries Commission

Answer the following questions : -Dawes Severalty Act

For this question,refer to the following map,"Expansion of the Railroad System,1870-1890." The map above best serves as evidence of

Would it be possible to write an account of the settlement of the Great Plains and Far West without taking account of the natural environment? Explain your answer.

The majority of white settlers on the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century viewed themselves as

Why were late-nineteenth-century farms on the Great Plains much larger than eastern farms?

Answer the following questions : -protective tariff

Answer the following questions : -Lone Wolf v.Hitchcock

For this question,refer to the following map,"Expansion of the Railroad System,1870-1890." The process depicted in the map above reflects

Answer the following questions : -Ghost Dance movement

The 1868 Burlingame Treaty achieved the American goal of

What prompted the U.S.government to set aside natural reserves such as Yellowstone? What were the results of that policy?

What did the U.S.government do during the Civil War and Reconstruction to advance the integration of the national economy and consolidate a continental empire? In what ways was this process beneficial? How was it also detrimental?

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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