Question 1

Why did the Ghost Dance movement spread so quickly on Native American reservations in the late 1880s and early 1890s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Native American people thought the dance might end the long drought. 
B)  It was a purely Native American dance that represented their culture. 
C)  The dance served as a pleasant distraction from the ills of life on the reservation. 
D)  The dance fostered Native peoples' hope that they could drive away white settlers. 
A)  Native American people thought the dance might end the long drought. 
B)  It was a purely Native American dance that represented their culture. 
C)  The dance served as a pleasant distraction from the ills of life on the reservation. 
D)  The dance fostered Native peoples' hope that they could drive away white settlers.

Question 2

What effect did Grant's peace policy and subsequent U.S.Indian policy have on Native Americans? What role did white reformers play in those policies?

Accepted Answer

The result was Native alienation from An

Question 3

Answer the following  questions :
-Wounded Knee

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 4

Answer the following  questions :
-Munn v.Illinois

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 5

Although frontier history is generally treated as an Anglo-American story,it is much more about ethnic diversity in the far West.Explain.

Accepted Answer

Blacks also served as cowboys in the ran

Question 6

For this question,refer to the following map,"Indian Country in the West,to 1890."   The changes depicted on the map above were most directly the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  economic instability in the farming sector. 
B)  the development of mechanized agriculture. 
C)  the rise of big business. 
D)  the use of military force in response to American Indian resistance. 
A)  economic instability in the farming sector. 
B)  the development of mechanized agriculture. 
C)  the rise of big business. 
D)  the use of military force in response to American Indian resistance.

Question 7

Answer the following  questions :
-Sand Creek massacre

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 8

Answer the following  questions :
-Battle of Little Big Horn

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 9

In 1872,which of the following was established by Congress as the first national park?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yellowstone 
B)  Yosemite 
C)  The Black Hills 
D)  The Grand Canyon 
A)  Yellowstone 
B)  Yosemite 
C)  The Black Hills 
D)  The Grand Canyon

Question 10

As a result of the Dawes Severalty Act,Indian tribes

Accepted Answer

A)  lost almost two-thirds of their land. 
B)  remained united against the federal government. 
C)  adjusted to an agricultural lifestyle. 
D)  migrated farther west. 
A)  lost almost two-thirds of their land. 
B)  remained united against the federal government. 
C)  adjusted to an agricultural lifestyle. 
D)  migrated farther west.

Question 11

What environmental conditions did the homesteaders confront on the plains? How did they respond to those conditions,and what were the consequences of that response?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Environm

Question 12

Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the post-Civil War western cattle boom?

Accepted Answer

A)  The boom aided the later development of agriculture by providing a good source of fertilizer. 
B)  It attracted both investors seeking large profits and romantics drawn by the allure of the West. 
C)  It required the extensive introduction of new feed crops. 
D)  The ranchers demonstrated unusual foresight in protecting the environment. 
A)  The boom aided the later development of agriculture by providing a good source of fertilizer. 
B)  It attracted both investors seeking large profits and romantics drawn by the allure of the West. 
C)  It required the extensive introduction of new feed crops. 
D)  The ranchers demonstrated unusual foresight in protecting the environment.

Question 13

What was the relationship between the United States's efforts to consolidate an international empire in the decades following the Civil War and its approach to settling and developing the West? To what extent did each of these processes shape the other between the 1860s and the 1880s?
Answer Key

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Incorpor

Question 14

Which of the following statements describes the agricultural technique known as dry farming?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dry farming was developed by Mormons in the area near the Great Salt Lake. 
B)  It involved deep planting and quick harrowing after rainfalls. 
C)  Its chief benefit was that it did not require new machinery. 
D)  Dry farming was feasible only on small farms of three hundred acres or less. 
A)  Dry farming was developed by Mormons in the area near the Great Salt Lake. 
B)  It involved deep planting and quick harrowing after rainfalls. 
C)  Its chief benefit was that it did not require new machinery. 
D)  Dry farming was feasible only on small farms of three hundred acres or less.

Question 15

Which president refashioned U.S.Indian policy in the latter half of the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Buchanan 
B)  Lincoln 
C)  Johnson 
D)  Grant 
A)  Buchanan 
B)  Lincoln 
C)  Johnson 
D)  Grant

Question 16

The phrase "The largest,longest-run agricultural and environmental miscalculation in American history" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the plantation system. 
B)  cotton's reign as king in the South. 
C)  farming the Great Plains. 
D)  the cattle kingdom. 
A)  the plantation system. 
B)  cotton's reign as king in the South. 
C)  farming the Great Plains. 
D)  the cattle kingdom.

Question 17

Answer the following  questions :
-Burlingame Treaty

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 18

Which of the following was one of the reasons that the United States encouraged Chinese immigration after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States needed to populate lands in the American West. 
B)  It was intended as a gesture of American egalitarianism. 
C)  Many Chinese were useful railroad workers and farm laborers in the West. 
D)  The United States needed additional laborers to mine gold deposits in the West. 
A)  The United States needed to populate lands in the American West. 
B)  It was intended as a gesture of American egalitarianism. 
C)  Many Chinese were useful railroad workers and farm laborers in the West. 
D)  The United States needed additional laborers to mine gold deposits in the West.

Question 19

What was the purpose of Indian boarding schools in the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  To teach Native American children the ways of their ancient peoples 
B)  Only to provide the children with an education in English,mathematics,and other disciplines 
C)  To assimilate Native American children more easily into white culture 
D)  To teach the children how to speak their native languages more fluently 
A)  To teach Native American children the ways of their ancient peoples 
B)  Only to provide the children with an education in English,mathematics,and other disciplines 
C)  To assimilate Native American children more easily into white culture 
D)  To teach the children how to speak their native languages more fluently

Question 20

How did the process of industrialization in the East shape the development of the West in the decades after the Civil War? Do you think this chapter makes a valid case that the final phases of the frontier movement should be seen as an extension of American industrialization?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Role of

Exam 15: Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Why did the Ghost Dance movement spread so quickly on Native American reservations in the late 1880s and early 1890s?

What effect did Grant's peace policy and subsequent U.S.Indian policy have on Native Americans? What role did white reformers play in those policies?

Answer the following questions : -Wounded Knee

Answer the following questions : -Munn v.Illinois

Although frontier history is generally treated as an Anglo-American story,it is much more about ethnic diversity in the far West.Explain.

For this question,refer to the following map,"Indian Country in the West,to 1890." The changes depicted on the map above were most directly the result of

Answer the following questions : -Sand Creek massacre

Answer the following questions : -Battle of Little Big Horn

In 1872,which of the following was established by Congress as the first national park?

As a result of the Dawes Severalty Act,Indian tribes

What environmental conditions did the homesteaders confront on the plains? How did they respond to those conditions,and what were the consequences of that response?

Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the post-Civil War western cattle boom?

What was the relationship between the United States's efforts to consolidate an international empire in the decades following the Civil War and its approach to settling and developing the West? To what extent did each of these processes shape the other between the 1860s and the 1880s? Answer Key

Which of the following statements describes the agricultural technique known as dry farming?

Which president refashioned U.S.Indian policy in the latter half of the nineteenth century?

The phrase "The largest,longest-run agricultural and environmental miscalculation in American history" refers to

Answer the following questions : -Burlingame Treaty

Which of the following was one of the reasons that the United States encouraged Chinese immigration after the Civil War?

What was the purpose of Indian boarding schools in the late nineteenth century?

How did the process of industrialization in the East shape the development of the West in the decades after the Civil War? Do you think this chapter makes a valid case that the final phases of the frontier movement should be seen as an extension of American industrialization?

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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