Question 1

Julie believes that the society in which one grows up does not have an impact on psychological issues.Which approach BEST fits her view?

Accepted Answer

A) absolutism 
B) behaviorism 
C) humanistic 
D) relativism 
A) absolutism 
B) behaviorism 
C) humanistic 
D) relativism

Question 2

Which statement is a characteristic of Skinner's teaching machines?

Accepted Answer

A) It provided monetary reinforcement for each question answered correctly. 
B) It increased the difficulty of questions based on students' reaction times. 
C) It provided immediate feedback as to whether the question was answered correctly or incorrectly. 
D) It decreased the difficulty of the next question if the previous question was answered correctly. 
A) It provided monetary reinforcement for each question answered correctly. 
B) It increased the difficulty of questions based on students' reaction times. 
C) It provided immediate feedback as to whether the question was answered correctly or incorrectly. 
D) It decreased the difficulty of the next question if the previous question was answered correctly.

Question 3

Which early psychologist used the metaphor of a flowing stream to describe consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A) Paul Broca 
B) William James 
C) Edward Titchener 
D) Wilhelm Wundt 
A) Paul Broca 
B) William James 
C) Edward Titchener 
D) Wilhelm Wundt

Question 4

Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shaped,in part,by the:

Accepted Answer

A) American civil rights movement. 
B) development of computers. 
C) Holocaust. 
D) theory of language development. 
A) American civil rights movement. 
B) development of computers. 
C) Holocaust. 
D) theory of language development.

Question 5

Some early psychological theorists believed that much of human behavior was instinctive;that is,our behavior is much more determined by nature than our nurture.This view is MOST consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A) Plato's nativism. 
B) Gall's phrenology. 
C) Aristotle's philosophical empiricism. 
D) Locke's tabula rasa. 
A) Plato's nativism. 
B) Gall's phrenology. 
C) Aristotle's philosophical empiricism. 
D) Locke's tabula rasa.

Question 6

The work of animal behavior specialist Margaret Washburn was:

Accepted Answer

A) warmly received by John Watson for thoroughly describing animals' perceptual and memory processes. 
B) critical to the development of the theories of B.F.Skinner. 
C) instrumental to Ivan Pavlov's research on conditioning. 
D) intellectually attacked by John Watson for ascribing conscious mental experiences to animals. 
A) warmly received by John Watson for thoroughly describing animals' perceptual and memory processes. 
B) critical to the development of the theories of B.F.Skinner. 
C) instrumental to Ivan Pavlov's research on conditioning. 
D) intellectually attacked by John Watson for ascribing conscious mental experiences to animals.

Question 7

In the late 1800s,a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function,usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences,was termed:

Accepted Answer

A) agoraphobia. 
B) hysteria. 
C) neurosis. 
D) generalized anxiety. 
A) agoraphobia. 
B) hysteria. 
C) neurosis. 
D) generalized anxiety.

Question 8

The Holocaust inspired research MOSTLY in the areas of:

Accepted Answer

A) mania and illusions. 
B) prejudice and discrimination. 
C) conformity and obedience. 
D) altruism and aggression. 
A) mania and illusions. 
B) prejudice and discrimination. 
C) conformity and obedience. 
D) altruism and aggression.

Question 9

Which observation by Norman Triplett led to the birth of social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) People who are more attractive tend to make more money. 
B) People who smile more are generally regarded as more attractive. 
C) Bicyclists ride faster when in a group with other bicyclists. 
D) People are less likely to help a stranger in need when other people who could also potentially help are around. 
A) People who are more attractive tend to make more money. 
B) People who smile more are generally regarded as more attractive. 
C) Bicyclists ride faster when in a group with other bicyclists. 
D) People are less likely to help a stranger in need when other people who could also potentially help are around.

Question 10

A husband and wife observe a toddler throwing a temper tantrum at a toy store.The husband comments under his breath,"What an annoying little beast!" His wife,noticing that the mother of the toddler just gave the boy a toy to calm him down,states,"It's not his fault.He's behaving exactly as _____ would predict."

Accepted Answer

A) William James 
B) B.F.Skinner 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) John Watson 
A) William James 
B) B.F.Skinner 
C) Ivan Pavlov 
D) John Watson

Question 11

In Pavlov's research,dogs' salivation is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus. 
B) response. 
C) construal of a stimulus. 
D) reinforcer. 
A) stimulus. 
B) response. 
C) construal of a stimulus. 
D) reinforcer.

Question 12

A teacher praises a student for asking a good question.Which psychologist would state that the effect of praise on subsequent behavior depended on the student's subjective experience of it?

Accepted Answer

A) B.F.Skinner 
B) Kurt Lewin 
C) Jean Piaget 
D) Frederic Bartlett 
A) B.F.Skinner 
B) Kurt Lewin 
C) Jean Piaget 
D) Frederic Bartlett

Question 13

The functionalist approach was MOST influenced by the theory of:

Accepted Answer

A) phrenology. 
B) nativism. 
C) natural selection. 
D) psychodynamics. 
A) phrenology. 
B) nativism. 
C) natural selection. 
D) psychodynamics.

Question 14

James argued that Wundt's approach to psychology was limited because Wundt:

Accepted Answer

A) did not study consciousness as it functioned in the real world. 
B) did not conduct much laboratory research. 
C) unnecessarily constrained his research to observable behavior. 
D) advocated a theory inconsistent with the tenets of natural selection. 
A) did not study consciousness as it functioned in the real world. 
B) did not conduct much laboratory research. 
C) unnecessarily constrained his research to observable behavior. 
D) advocated a theory inconsistent with the tenets of natural selection.

Question 15

The unpredictable nature of results from introspection contributed to the decline of:

Accepted Answer

A) empiricism. 
B) functionalism. 
C) humanism. 
D) structuralism. 
A) empiricism. 
B) functionalism. 
C) humanism. 
D) structuralism.

Question 16

Which statement is compatible with modern psychological science?

Accepted Answer

A) The scientific method cannot be applied to the study of thinking and emotion. 
B) Thoughts,feelings,and behavior arise from electrical and chemical events in the brain. 
C) Psychologists should confine their analyses to the study of observable behavior. 
D) Mental processes are the only subject matter worthy of study in psychology. 
A) The scientific method cannot be applied to the study of thinking and emotion. 
B) Thoughts,feelings,and behavior arise from electrical and chemical events in the brain. 
C) Psychologists should confine their analyses to the study of observable behavior. 
D) Mental processes are the only subject matter worthy of study in psychology.

Question 17

Some early philosophers believed that all knowledge was acquired through experience,an idea now known as:

Accepted Answer

A) functionalism. 
B) philosophical empiricism. 
C) structuralism. 
D) nativism. 
A) functionalism. 
B) philosophical empiricism. 
C) structuralism. 
D) nativism.

Question 18

Who opened the FIRST psychological laboratory in North America?

Accepted Answer

A) G.Stanley Hall 
B) William James 
C) John Watson 
D) Wilhelm Wundt 
A) G.Stanley Hall 
B) William James 
C) John Watson 
D) Wilhelm Wundt

Question 19

The FIRST laboratory devoted exclusively to psychology as an independent field of study opened in:

Accepted Answer

A) Paris in 1859. 
B) Leipzig in 1879. 
C) Berlin in 1889. 
D) Cornell University in 1909. 
A) Paris in 1859. 
B) Leipzig in 1879. 
C) Berlin in 1889. 
D) Cornell University in 1909.

Question 20

A behavioral account of language development,entitled Verbal Behavior (1957),was written by:

Accepted Answer

A) B.F.Skinner. 
B) Noam Chomsky. 
C) John Watson. 
D) Ulric Neisser. 
A) B.F.Skinner. 
B) Noam Chomsky. 
C) John Watson. 
D) Ulric Neisser.

Exam 1: Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

Julie believes that the society in which one grows up does not have an impact on psychological issues.Which approach BEST fits her view?

Which statement is a characteristic of Skinner's teaching machines?

Which early psychologist used the metaphor of a flowing stream to describe consciousness?

Solomon Asch was a social psychologist whose research interests were shaped,in part,by the:

Some early psychological theorists believed that much of human behavior was instinctive;that is,our behavior is much more determined by nature than our nurture.This view is MOST consistent with:

The work of animal behavior specialist Margaret Washburn was:

In the late 1800s,a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function,usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences,was termed:

The Holocaust inspired research MOSTLY in the areas of:

Which observation by Norman Triplett led to the birth of social psychology?

In Pavlov's research,dogs' salivation is an example of a:

A teacher praises a student for asking a good question.Which psychologist would state that the effect of praise on subsequent behavior depended on the student's subjective experience of it?

The functionalist approach was MOST influenced by the theory of:

James argued that Wundt's approach to psychology was limited because Wundt:

The unpredictable nature of results from introspection contributed to the decline of:

Which statement is compatible with modern psychological science?

Some early philosophers believed that all knowledge was acquired through experience,an idea now known as:

Who opened the FIRST psychological laboratory in North America?

The FIRST laboratory devoted exclusively to psychology as an independent field of study opened in:

A behavioral account of language development,entitled Verbal Behavior (1957),was written by:

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part B

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part C

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part D

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part E

Methods in Psychology-Part A

Methods in Psychology-Part B

Methods in Psychology-Part C

Methods in Psychology-Part D

Methods in Psychology-Part E

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part B

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part C

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part D

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part E

Sensation and Perception-Part A

Sensation and Perception-Part B

Sensation and Perception-Part C

Sensation and Perception-Part D

Sensation and Perception-Part E

Consciousness-Part A

Consciousness-Part B

Consciousness-Part C

Consciousness-Part D

Consciousness-Part E

Memory-Part A

Memory-Part B

Memory-Part C

Memory-Part D

Memory-Part E

Learning-Part A

Learning-Part B

Learning-Part C

Learning-Part D

Learning-Part E

Emotion and Motivation-Part A

Emotion and Motivation-Part B

Emotion and Motivation-Part C

Emotion and Motivation-Part D

Emotion and Motivation-Part E

Language and Thought-Part A

Language and Thought-Part B

Language and Thought-Part C

Language and Thought-Part D

Language and Thought-Part E

Intelligence-Part A

Intelligence-Part B

Intelligence-Part C

Intelligence-Part D

Intelligence-Part E

Development-Part A

Development-Part B

Development-Part C

Development-Part D

Development-Part E

Personality-Part A

Personality-Part B

Personality-Part C

Personality-Part D

Personality-Part E

Social Psychology-Part A