Question 1

Who conditioned a fear of a harmless white rat in "Little Albert"?

Accepted Answer

A) Ivan Pavlov 
B) Sigmund Freud 
C) B.F.Skinner 
D) John Watson 
A) Ivan Pavlov 
B) Sigmund Freud 
C) B.F.Skinner 
D) John Watson

Question 2

Compared with the typical APA member in 1910,the typical APA member in 2016 is less likely to be a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) academic researcher. 
B) woman. 
C) racial minority. 
D) professional in health-related fields. 
A) academic researcher. 
B) woman. 
C) racial minority. 
D) professional in health-related fields.

Question 3

Whereas _____ was interested in the relationship between the elements of consciousness,_____ was interested in identifying the basic elements themselves:

Accepted Answer

A) Titchener;Wundt 
B) Wundt;Titchener 
C) Wundt;James 
D) Titchener;James 
A) Titchener;Wundt 
B) Wundt;Titchener 
C) Wundt;James 
D) Titchener;James

Question 4

Dr.Cover studies the benefits and undesirable outcomes of stereotyping.Which area of psychology does her research BEST represent?

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive psychology 
B) social psychology 
C) clinical psychology 
D) cultural psychology 
A) cognitive psychology 
B) social psychology 
C) clinical psychology 
D) cultural psychology

Question 5

Hermann von Helmholtz is to _____ as Wilhelm Wundt is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) phrenology;functionalism 
B) reaction time;structuralism 
C) reaction time;functionalism 
D) phrenology;structuralism 
A) phrenology;functionalism 
B) reaction time;structuralism 
C) reaction time;functionalism 
D) phrenology;structuralism

Question 6

Which research question is MOST consistent with the historical events that inspired the research of Gordon Allport?

Accepted Answer

A) Do opposites really attract? 
B) How does wealth affect happiness? 
C) Why are suicide bombers willing to sacrifice their lives? 
D) Do fans of professional football stereotype the fans of rival teams? 
A) Do opposites really attract? 
B) How does wealth affect happiness? 
C) Why are suicide bombers willing to sacrifice their lives? 
D) Do fans of professional football stereotype the fans of rival teams?

Question 7

After training rats to successfully navigate a maze,Karl Lashely sought to determine the precise spot in the brain where the learning occurred by:

Accepted Answer

A) surgically removing tiny sections of the brain and then retesting the rats. 
B) giving the rats experimental drugs that target specific brain areas and then retesting the rats. 
C) studying differences in dendritic density in various brain regions under a microscope after the rats' death. 
D) studying the rats running the maze while connected to a recorder that measured brain electrical activity. 
A) surgically removing tiny sections of the brain and then retesting the rats. 
B) giving the rats experimental drugs that target specific brain areas and then retesting the rats. 
C) studying differences in dendritic density in various brain regions under a microscope after the rats' death. 
D) studying the rats running the maze while connected to a recorder that measured brain electrical activity.

Question 8

The classification of psychology as a hub science MOST supports the idea that psychology:

Accepted Answer

A) is a basic laboratory science. 
B) is primarily a clinical field. 
C) has relevance to many related disciplines. 
D) has grown beyond an academic discipline. 
A) is a basic laboratory science. 
B) is primarily a clinical field. 
C) has relevance to many related disciplines. 
D) has grown beyond an academic discipline.

Question 9

Karen ultimately wants to pursue a master's degree in education but wants to obtain a strong scientific background as an undergraduate.Courses in which hub science would be MOST relevant to her career goals?

Accepted Answer

A) earth sciences 
B) math 
C) psychology 
D) chemistry 
A) earth sciences 
B) math 
C) psychology 
D) chemistry

Question 10

"The goal of scientific psychology should be to predict and control behavior that benefits society." This statement is associated with which psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A) Freud 
B) Washburn 
C) Watson 
D) Rogers 
A) Freud 
B) Washburn 
C) Watson 
D) Rogers

Question 11

The emergence of evolutionary psychology as a recent psychological discipline is largely credited to the work of the biologist:

Accepted Answer

A) G.Stanley Hall. 
B) Charles Darwin. 
C) E.O.Wilson. 
D) B.F.Skinner. 
A) G.Stanley Hall. 
B) Charles Darwin. 
C) E.O.Wilson. 
D) B.F.Skinner.

Question 12

Gordon Allport proposed that prejudice was:

Accepted Answer

A) primarily reinforced behavior. 
B) the result of a perceptual error. 
C) highly dependent on culture. 
D) highly dependent on group size. 
A) primarily reinforced behavior. 
B) the result of a perceptual error. 
C) highly dependent on culture. 
D) highly dependent on group size.

Question 13

G.Stanley Hall is associated with which accomplishment?

Accepted Answer

A) opening the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig,Germany in 1879 
B) starting the first journal devoted to publishing psychological research in the United States 
C) founding the first psychological clinic 
D) measuring the speed of a nervous impulse 
A) opening the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig,Germany in 1879 
B) starting the first journal devoted to publishing psychological research in the United States 
C) founding the first psychological clinic 
D) measuring the speed of a nervous impulse

Question 14

What type of psychology explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilities that are preserved over time by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) behaviorism 
B) physiological psychology 
C) evolutionary psychology 
D) cognitive neuroscience 
A) behaviorism 
B) physiological psychology 
C) evolutionary psychology 
D) cognitive neuroscience

Question 15

An acupuncturist asks you to verbally respond as soon as you feel a pinprick as she stimulates your upper thigh,hamstring,calf,and foot with a needle.Based on Helmholtz's research,you will react MOST quickly when the _____ is stimulated.

Accepted Answer

A) upper thigh 
B) hamstring 
C) calf 
D) foot 
A) upper thigh 
B) hamstring 
C) calf 
D) foot

Question 16

Today,over 70% of individuals receiving their PhDs in psychology are:

Accepted Answer

A) white males. 
B) males. 
C) racial minorities. 
D) females. 
A) white males. 
B) males. 
C) racial minorities. 
D) females.

Question 17

Rats are more likely to form a smell-sickness association than a light-sickness association,suggesting that:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic factors are a relatively unimportant component of learning. 
B) rats have evolved to not associate lights with smell. 
C) behavior is in part the product of the learning experiences of our ancestors. 
D) rats have had more learning opportunities to associate smell with sickness. 
A) genetic factors are a relatively unimportant component of learning. 
B) rats have evolved to not associate lights with smell. 
C) behavior is in part the product of the learning experiences of our ancestors. 
D) rats have had more learning opportunities to associate smell with sickness.

Question 18

In his best-selling book,Beyond Freedom and Dignity,B.F.Skinner argued that behavior is:

Accepted Answer

A) an outcome of the innate capacity of persons to choose freely. 
B) partly the result of a limited free will that has evolved as a result of natural selection. 
C) completely determined by genetic factors and free will is an illusion. 
D) determined largely by its consequences and free will is an illusion. 
A) an outcome of the innate capacity of persons to choose freely. 
B) partly the result of a limited free will that has evolved as a result of natural selection. 
C) completely determined by genetic factors and free will is an illusion. 
D) determined largely by its consequences and free will is an illusion.

Question 19

"You don't know what she thinks,but you know how she acts." This statement characterizes which approach?

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis 
B) humanism 
C) behaviorism 
D) Gestalt 
A) psychoanalysis 
B) humanism 
C) behaviorism 
D) Gestalt

Question 20

Luca believes that our nonphysical minds direct the actions of our brain and body.His beliefs are MOST similar to which philosopher or scientist?

Accepted Answer

A) Descartes 
B) Aristotle 
C) Hobbes 
D) Broca 
A) Descartes 
B) Aristotle 
C) Hobbes 
D) Broca

Exam 1: Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

Who conditioned a fear of a harmless white rat in "Little Albert"?

Compared with the typical APA member in 1910,the typical APA member in 2016 is less likely to be a(n):

Whereas _____ was interested in the relationship between the elements of consciousness,_____ was interested in identifying the basic elements themselves:

Dr.Cover studies the benefits and undesirable outcomes of stereotyping.Which area of psychology does her research BEST represent?

Hermann von Helmholtz is to _____ as Wilhelm Wundt is to _____.

Which research question is MOST consistent with the historical events that inspired the research of Gordon Allport?

After training rats to successfully navigate a maze,Karl Lashely sought to determine the precise spot in the brain where the learning occurred by:

The classification of psychology as a hub science MOST supports the idea that psychology:

Karen ultimately wants to pursue a master's degree in education but wants to obtain a strong scientific background as an undergraduate.Courses in which hub science would be MOST relevant to her career goals?

"The goal of scientific psychology should be to predict and control behavior that benefits society." This statement is associated with which psychologist?

The emergence of evolutionary psychology as a recent psychological discipline is largely credited to the work of the biologist:

Gordon Allport proposed that prejudice was:

G.Stanley Hall is associated with which accomplishment?

What type of psychology explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilities that are preserved over time by natural selection?

An acupuncturist asks you to verbally respond as soon as you feel a pinprick as she stimulates your upper thigh,hamstring,calf,and foot with a needle.Based on Helmholtz's research,you will react MOST quickly when the _____ is stimulated.

Today,over 70% of individuals receiving their PhDs in psychology are:

Rats are more likely to form a smell-sickness association than a light-sickness association,suggesting that:

In his best-selling book,Beyond Freedom and Dignity,B.F.Skinner argued that behavior is:

"You don't know what she thinks,but you know how she acts." This statement characterizes which approach?

Luca believes that our nonphysical minds direct the actions of our brain and body.His beliefs are MOST similar to which philosopher or scientist?

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part B

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part C

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part D

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part E

Methods in Psychology-Part A

Methods in Psychology-Part B

Methods in Psychology-Part C

Methods in Psychology-Part D

Methods in Psychology-Part E

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part B

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part C

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part D

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part E

Sensation and Perception-Part A

Sensation and Perception-Part B

Sensation and Perception-Part C

Sensation and Perception-Part D

Sensation and Perception-Part E

Consciousness-Part A

Consciousness-Part B

Consciousness-Part C

Consciousness-Part D

Consciousness-Part E

Memory-Part A

Memory-Part B

Memory-Part C

Memory-Part D

Memory-Part E

Learning-Part A

Learning-Part B

Learning-Part C

Learning-Part D

Learning-Part E

Emotion and Motivation-Part A

Emotion and Motivation-Part B

Emotion and Motivation-Part C

Emotion and Motivation-Part D

Emotion and Motivation-Part E

Language and Thought-Part A

Language and Thought-Part B

Language and Thought-Part C

Language and Thought-Part D

Language and Thought-Part E

Intelligence-Part A

Intelligence-Part B

Intelligence-Part C

Intelligence-Part D

Intelligence-Part E

Development-Part A

Development-Part B

Development-Part C

Development-Part D

Development-Part E

Personality-Part A

Personality-Part B

Personality-Part C

Personality-Part D

Personality-Part E

Whereas _ was interested in the relationship between the elements of consciousness,_ was interested in identifying the basic elements themselves:

Hermann von Helmholtz is to _ as Wilhelm Wundt is to _.