Question 1

Prokaryotic mRNA will directly interact with __________ during translation.

Accepted Answer

A)  release factors 
B)  23S rRNA 
C)  Kozak sequence 
D)  GTP 
A)  release factors 
B)  23S rRNA 
C)  Kozak sequence 
D)  GTP

Question 2

Nirenberg and Leder completed the experiment illustrated below.If the tRNA used had an anticodon that recognizes UAA and the mRNA added contained repeats of UAA,what would be the expected result? Would the membrane contain any radioactivity,and if so,which amino acid would be retained on the membrane?

Accepted Answer

The membrane would not contain

Question 3

Which of the following catalyzes the formation of a bond between an amino acid and a tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
B)  aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase 
C)  tRNA linking enzyme 
D)  ribosome 
A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
B)  aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase 
C)  tRNA linking enzyme 
D)  ribosome

Question 4

tRNAs interact with the ribosome only after

Accepted Answer

A)  they bind the free mRNA. 
B)  the small and large subunits have come together. 
C)  the first peptide bond in the nascent chain is formed. 
D)  the AUG start codon is positioned in the E site. 
A)  they bind the free mRNA. 
B)  the small and large subunits have come together. 
C)  the first peptide bond in the nascent chain is formed. 
D)  the AUG start codon is positioned in the E site.

Question 5

An analysis of noncanonical base pairings between the   -position of the tRNA anticodon and the   -position of the mRNA codon would show the pairing

Accepted Answer

A)  I-G. 
B)  G-A. 
C)  I-U. 
D)  I-I. 
A)  I-G. 
B)  G-A. 
C)  I-U. 
D)  I-I.

Question 6

The prokaryotic ribosome contains __________ subunits.The eukaryotic ribosome contains __________ subunits.

Accepted Answer

A)  30S and 70S; 40S and 60S 
B)  40S and 60S; 30S and 80S 
C)  30S and 50S; 40S and 60S 
D)  30S and 60S; 40S and 50S 
A)  30S and 70S; 40S and 60S 
B)  40S and 60S; 30S and 80S 
C)  30S and 50S; 40S and 60S 
D)  30S and 60S; 40S and 50S

Question 7

The adaptor molecule in translation is

Accepted Answer

A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
B)  mRNA. 
C)  rRNA. 
D)  tRNA. 
A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
B)  mRNA. 
C)  rRNA. 
D)  tRNA.

Question 8

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases carry out editing

Accepted Answer

A)  before activation of amino acid with ATP. 
B)  at a site that is distinct from the active site. 
C)  at the same time that the amino acid is transferred to the   group. 
D)  by binding to an editing subunit. 
A)  before activation of amino acid with ATP. 
B)  at a site that is distinct from the active site. 
C)  at the same time that the amino acid is transferred to the   group. 
D)  by binding to an editing subunit.

Question 9

tRNA must be __________ before binding to the ribosome to allow for translation to occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  charged with a codon 
B)  charged with an anticodon 
C)  charged with an amino acid 
D)  bound by ATP 
A)  charged with a codon 
B)  charged with an anticodon 
C)  charged with an amino acid 
D)  bound by ATP

Question 10

Describe the steps of the mechanism of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.Clarify the role of ATP in the process.

Accepted Answer

Stage 1: E + ATP + AA @#IMG-DLM&_TB6697_11 E(AA-AM

Question 11

Gene expression can be controlled by the modification of histones by all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorylation. 
B)  methylation. 
C)  acetylation. 
D)  glycosylation. 
A)  phosphorylation. 
B)  methylation. 
C)  acetylation. 
D)  glycosylation.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a component that is released from the ribosome on translation termination?

Accepted Answer

A)  RF2 
B)  nascent polypeptide 
C)  tRNA 
D)  Met-tRNAfMet 
A)  RF2 
B)  nascent polypeptide 
C)  tRNA 
D)  Met-tRNAfMet

Question 13

Which of the following is considered the adaptor molecule in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  rRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  DNA 
C)  tRNA 
D)  rRNA

Question 14

Which sequence is MOST likely to be prenylated in the ER? (The … represents additional amino acids N-terminal to those shown.)

Accepted Answer

A)  …Cys-Leu-Leu-Phe-Ala-Lys 
B)  …Leu-Phe-Leu-Cys-Ile-Phe 
C)  …Phe-Ile-Leu-Ser-Ile-Leu 
D)  …Cys-Leu-Cys-Leu-Lys-Phe 
A)  …Cys-Leu-Leu-Phe-Ala-Lys 
B)  …Leu-Phe-Leu-Cys-Ile-Phe 
C)  …Phe-Ile-Leu-Ser-Ile-Leu 
D)  …Cys-Leu-Cys-Leu-Lys-Phe

Question 15

All aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are

Accepted Answer

A)  monomeric. 
B)  tetrameric. 
C)  able to bind ATP. 
D)  able to bind ADP. 
A)  monomeric. 
B)  tetrameric. 
C)  able to bind ATP. 
D)  able to bind ADP.

Question 16

Explain what is meant by the statement,"The genetic code is universal."

Accepted Answer

A universal genetic code impli

Question 17

Noncanonical base pairings are observed between the third position of the codons and the first position of the anticodons.This concept is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  nonsense rule. 
B)  noncanonical hypothesis. 
C)  wobble hypothesis. 
D)  3:1 hypothesis. 
A)  nonsense rule. 
B)  noncanonical hypothesis. 
C)  wobble hypothesis. 
D)  3:1 hypothesis.

Question 18

Which antibiotic would be a good choice to use as a research tool if investigating the role of DNA gyrase in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  coumermycin 
B)  penicillin 
C)  tetracycline 
D)  bacitracin 
A)  coumermycin 
B)  penicillin 
C)  tetracycline 
D)  bacitracin

Question 19

What step in the process of translation of a nascent protein into the lumen of the ER requires an input of energy provided by the hydrolysis of GTP?

Accepted Answer

A)  binding of SRP to the signal peptide sequence 
B)  release of SRP from the ribosome 
C)  transfer of the signal peptide sequence into the translocon 
D)  binding of SRP to the SRP receptor 
A)  binding of SRP to the signal peptide sequence 
B)  release of SRP from the ribosome 
C)  transfer of the signal peptide sequence into the translocon 
D)  binding of SRP to the SRP receptor

Question 20

In the experiment illustrated below,based off the original by Nirenberg and Matthaei,in which tube would the resulting protein be found? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The Pro tube would c

Exam 22: Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Prokaryotic mRNA will directly interact with __________ during translation.

Which of the following catalyzes the formation of a bond between an amino acid and a tRNA?

tRNAs interact with the ribosome only after

An analysis of noncanonical base pairings between the -position of the tRNA anticodon and the -position of the mRNA codon would show the pairing

The prokaryotic ribosome contains __________ subunits.The eukaryotic ribosome contains __________ subunits.

The adaptor molecule in translation is

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases carry out editing

tRNA must be __________ before binding to the ribosome to allow for translation to occur.

Describe the steps of the mechanism of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.Clarify the role of ATP in the process.

Gene expression can be controlled by the modification of histones by all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following is NOT a component that is released from the ribosome on translation termination?

Which of the following is considered the adaptor molecule in protein synthesis?

Which sequence is MOST likely to be prenylated in the ER? (The … represents additional amino acids N-terminal to those shown.)

All aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are

Explain what is meant by the statement,"The genetic code is universal."

Noncanonical base pairings are observed between the third position of the codons and the first position of the anticodons.This concept is known as the

Which antibiotic would be a good choice to use as a research tool if investigating the role of DNA gyrase in a cell?

What step in the process of translation of a nascent protein into the lumen of the ER requires an input of energy provided by the hydrolysis of GTP?

In the experiment illustrated below,based off the original by Nirenberg and Matthaei,in which tube would the resulting protein be found? Explain your answer.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Gene Regulation

Filters

The prokaryotic ribosome contains subunits.The eukaryotic ribosome contains subunits.