Question 1

What three factors contribute to the greater stability of ADP and phosphate compared to ATP?

Accepted Answer

1. Greater electrostatic repulsion in ATP
2. More solvation stabilization in ADP/phosphate
3. Greater electron delocalization in ADP/phosphate

Question 2

What compounds are formed when a carboxylate is phosphorylated by the attack at the g-phosphorus of ATP?

Accepted Answer

an acyl phosphate and ADP

Question 3

Give the number of carbon dioxide molecules formed from each molecule of acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) none 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) none B

Question 4

Give the product from the beta-oxidation of a fatty acyl-CoA.

Accepted Answer

acetyl-CoA

Question 5

Give the product(s)formed from the hydrolysis of a fat.

Accepted Answer

A) esters 
B) aldehydes 
C) glycerol 
D) fatty acids 
E) ketones 
A) esters 
B) aldehydes 
C) glycerol 
D) fatty acids 
E) ketones

Question 6

In the second stage of the catabolism of phenylalanine, what two compounds are produced to enter the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

fumarate a

Question 7

The five-carbon compound used for the biosynthesis of terpenes is called isopentenyl pyrophosphate. Which of the following is the structure of isopentenyl pyrophosphate?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) V

Question 8

In the second stage of catabolism, compounds are converted into molecules that can directly enter ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the pyruvate dehydrogenase system 
B) the citric acid cycle 
C) glycolysis 
D) the tyrosine aminotransferase pathway 
E) the oxidative phosphorylation pathway 
A) the pyruvate dehydrogenase system 
B) the citric acid cycle 
C) glycolysis 
D) the tyrosine aminotransferase pathway 
E) the oxidative phosphorylation pathway

Question 9

Describe what's happening mechanistically when glucose reacts with ATP to yield glucose-6-phosphate.

Accepted Answer

The primary hydroxyl at the C-

Question 10

How many citric acid cycles would be needed to produce nine molecules of NADH?

Accepted Answer

A) nine citric acid cycles 
B) one citric acid cycle 
C) two citric acid cycles 
D) four citric acid cycles 
E) three citric acid cycles 
A) nine citric acid cycles 
B) one citric acid cycle 
C) two citric acid cycles 
D) four citric acid cycles 
E) three citric acid cycles

Question 11

For each molecule of NADH that undergoes oxidative phosphorylation, ________ molecule(s)of ATP is (are)formed.

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 0 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4 
A) 3 
B) 0 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4

Question 12

For every acetyl-CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, ________ molecules of ATP ultimately result when both the ATP generated directly by the cycle and ATP generated from oxidative phosphorylation of NAD and FADH2 are counted.

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 6 
E) 11 
A) 12 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 6 
E) 11

Question 13

In the first stage of catabolism, fats are hydrolyzed to ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

fatty acid

Question 14

Give the product(s)for the following reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B) CH3CH2CH2OH 
C) CH3CH2OH 
D)    
E)    
A)    
B) CH3CH2CH2OH 
C) CH3CH2OH 
D)    
E)

Question 15

What coenzyme is required in the conversion of glycerol-6-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What coenzyme is required in the conversion...

Question 16

For each molecule of FADH2 that undergoes oxidative phosphorylation, ________ molecule(s)of ATP is (are)formed.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 0 
C) 1 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 2 
B) 0 
C) 1 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 17

a-Ketoglutarate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. Draw its structure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of a-Ketoglutarate is an intermediate in the citric...

Question 18

In order to enter the citric acid cycle, a compound must be either an intermediate of the cycle or what other two molecules?

Accepted Answer

acetyl-CoA

Question 19

What organic compound is the most important form of chemical energy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What organic compound is the most important...

Question 20

In the citric acid cycle, FAD oxidizes succinate to ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the citric acid cycle, FAD oxidizes...

Exam 25: The Chemistry of Metabolism

What three factors contribute to the greater stability of ADP and phosphate compared to ATP?

What compounds are formed when a carboxylate is phosphorylated by the attack at the g-phosphorus of ATP?

Give the number of carbon dioxide molecules formed from each molecule of acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle.

Give the product from the beta-oxidation of a fatty acyl-CoA.

Give the product(s)formed from the hydrolysis of a fat.

In the second stage of the catabolism of phenylalanine, what two compounds are produced to enter the citric acid cycle?

The five-carbon compound used for the biosynthesis of terpenes is called isopentenyl pyrophosphate. Which of the following is the structure of isopentenyl pyrophosphate?

In the second stage of catabolism, compounds are converted into molecules that can directly enter ________.

Describe what's happening mechanistically when glucose reacts with ATP to yield glucose-6-phosphate.

How many citric acid cycles would be needed to produce nine molecules of NADH?

For each molecule of NADH that undergoes oxidative phosphorylation, ________ molecule(s)of ATP is (are)formed.

For every acetyl-CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, ________ molecules of ATP ultimately result when both the ATP generated directly by the cycle and ATP generated from oxidative phosphorylation of NAD and FADH2 are counted.

In the first stage of catabolism, fats are hydrolyzed to ________ and ________.

Give the product(s)for the following reaction.

What coenzyme is required in the conversion of glycerol-6-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate?

For each molecule of FADH2 that undergoes oxidative phosphorylation, ________ molecule(s)of ATP is (are)formed.

a-Ketoglutarate is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. Draw its structure.

In order to enter the citric acid cycle, a compound must be either an intermediate of the cycle or what other two molecules?

What organic compound is the most important form of chemical energy?

In the citric acid cycle, FAD oxidizes succinate to ________.

Remembering General Chemistry: Electronic Structure and Bonding

Acids and Bases: Central to Understanding Organic Chemistry

An Introduction to Organic Compounds

Isomers: the Arrangement of Atoms in Space

Alkenes Thermodynamics and Kinetics

Reactions of Alkenes

Reactions of Alkynes Introduction to Multistep Synthesis

Electron Delocalization, Resonance, and Aromaticity More About Molecular Orbital Theory

Substitution Reactions of Alkyl Halides

Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides Competition Between Substitution and Elimination

Reactions of Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides, and Sulfur-Containing Compounds

Organometallic Compounds

Reactions of Alkanes, Radicals

Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Uvvis Spectroscopy

Nmr Spectroscopy

Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones

Reactions at the Alpha Carbon of Carbonyl Compounds

Reactions of Benzene and Substituted Benzenes

More About Amines Heterocylic Compounds

Carbohydrates

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Catalysis

The Organic Mechanisms of the Coenzymes

Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Nucleic Acids

Synthetic Polymers

Pericyclic Reactions

Filters

For every acetyl-CoA molecule that enters the citric acid cycle, ________ molecules of ATP ultimately result when both the ATP generated directly by the cycle and ATP generated from oxidative phosphorylation of NAD and FADH₂ are counted.

In the first stage of catabolism, fats are hydrolyzed to and .

For each molecule of FADH₂ that undergoes oxidative phosphorylation, ________ molecule(s)of ATP is (are)formed.