Exam 14: Chemical Equilibrium

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The reaction 2NO(g)  The reaction 2NO(g)   <sub> </sub> N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)is exothermic,  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub> = -180 kJ/mol.Which one of these statements is true? N2(g)+ O2(g)is exothermic, Δ\Delta Hºrxn = -180 kJ/mol.Which one of these statements is true?

(Multiple Choice)
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3.2NO2 <sup> </sup>3.2NO<sub>2</sub>   <sub> </sub> 2NO + O<sub>2</sub> K<sub>p</sub> = 5.9 * 10<sup> -5</sup> 2NO + O2 Kp = 5.9 * 10 -5

(Multiple Choice)
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Consider this reaction at equilibrium at a total pressure P1: 2SO2(g)+ O2(g) Consider this reaction at equilibrium at a total pressure P<sub>1</sub>: 2SO<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2SO<sub>3</sub>(g) Suppose the volume of this system is compressed to one-half its initial volume and then equilibrium is reestablished. The new equilibrium total pressure will be 2SO3(g) Suppose the volume of this system is compressed to one-half its initial volume and then equilibrium is reestablished. The new equilibrium total pressure will be

(Multiple Choice)
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At 35ºC, the equilibrium constant for the reaction 2NOCl(g) At 35ºC, the equilibrium constant for the reaction 2NOCl(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Cl<sub>2</sub>(g)is K<sub>c</sub> = 1.6 * 10<sup>-5</sup>. An equilibrium mixture was found to have the following concentrations of Cl<sub>2</sub> and NOCl: [Cl<sub>2</sub>] = 1.2 * 10<sup>-2 </sup>M; [NOCl] = 2.8 * 10<sup>-1 </sup>M. Calculate the concentration of NO(g)at equilibrium. 2NO(g)+ Cl2(g)is Kc = 1.6 * 10-5. An equilibrium mixture was found to have the following concentrations of Cl2 and NOCl: [Cl2] = 1.2 * 10-2 M; [NOCl] = 2.8 * 10-1 M. Calculate the concentration of NO(g)at equilibrium.

(Multiple Choice)
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When the reaction 2O3(g) When the reaction 2O<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 3O<sub>2</sub>(g), for which K<sub>p</sub> = 3.0 * 10<sup>26</sup> at 773ºC, is at equilibrium, the mixture will contain very little O<sub>2</sub> as compared to O<sub>3</sub>. 3O2(g), for which Kp = 3.0 * 1026 at 773ºC, is at equilibrium, the mixture will contain very little O2 as compared to O3.

(True/False)
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Consider the reaction N2(g)+ 3H2(g) Consider the reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g). The production of ammonia is an endothermic reaction.Will heating the equilibrium system increase or decrease the amount of ammonia produced? 2NH3(g). The production of ammonia is an endothermic reaction.Will heating the equilibrium system increase or decrease the amount of ammonia produced?

(Essay)
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Consider the reaction N2(g)+ O2(g) Consider the reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g), for which K<sub>c</sub> = 0.10 at 2,000ºC.Starting with initial concentrations of 0.040 M of N<sub>2</sub> and 0.040 M of O<sub>2</sub>, determine the equilibrium concentration of NO. 2NO(g), for which Kc = 0.10 at 2,000ºC.Starting with initial concentrations of 0.040 M of N2 and 0.040 M of O2, determine the equilibrium concentration of NO.

(Multiple Choice)
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What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for this reaction? 2HI(g) What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for this reaction? 2HI(g)   <sub> </sub> H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g) H2(g)+ I2(g)

(Essay)
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Consider the chemical reaction 2NH3(g) Consider the chemical reaction 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g).The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where K<sub>c</sub> = 4.0 * 10<sup>-2</sup>. Initially, 1,220 moles of NH<sub>3</sub>(g)are present.Calculate K<sub>p</sub> for the reaction. N2(g)+ 3H2(g).The equilibrium is to be established in a 1.0 L container at 1,000 K, where Kc = 4.0 * 10-2. Initially, 1,220 moles of NH3(g)are present.Calculate Kp for the reaction.

(Short Answer)
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For the reaction H2(g)+ I2(g) For the reaction H<sub>2</sub>(g)+ I<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2HI(g), K<sub>c</sub> = 50.2 at 445ºC.If [H<sub>2</sub>] = [I<sub>2</sub>] = [HI] = 1.75 * 10<sup>-3</sup> M at 445ºC, which one of these statements is true? 2HI(g), Kc = 50.2 at 445ºC.If [H2] = [I2] = [HI] = 1.75 * 10-3 M at 445ºC, which one of these statements is true?

(Multiple Choice)
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Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. CaCO3(s) Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s)   <sub> </sub> CaO(s)+ CO<sub>2</sub>(g) K<sub>P</sub> for this reaction is 1.16 at 800°C.A 5.00 L vessel containing 10.0 g of CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s)was evacuated to remove the air, sealed, and then heated to 800°C.Ignoring the volume occupied by the solid, what will be the mass of the solid in the vessel once equilibrium is reached? CaO(s)+ CO2(g) KP for this reaction is 1.16 at 800°C.A 5.00 L vessel containing 10.0 g of CaCO3(s)was evacuated to remove the air, sealed, and then heated to 800°C.Ignoring the volume occupied by the solid, what will be the mass of the solid in the vessel once equilibrium is reached?

(Short Answer)
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Two moles of PCl5 are placed in a 5.0 L container.Dissociation takes place according to the equation PCl5(g) Two moles of PCl<sub>5</sub> are placed in a 5.0 L container.Dissociation takes place according to the equation PCl<sub>5</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> PCl<sub>3</sub>(g)+ Cl<sub>2</sub>(g).At equilibrium, 0.40 mol of Cl<sub>2</sub> are present.Calculate the equilibrium constant (K<sub>c</sub>)for this reaction under the conditions of this experiment. PCl3(g)+ Cl2(g).At equilibrium, 0.40 mol of Cl2 are present.Calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc)for this reaction under the conditions of this experiment.

(Short Answer)
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Consider the reaction N2(g)+ 3H2(g) Consider the reaction N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 3H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g). If nitrogen is removed from the system at equilibrium, what will happen to the hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>)concentration? 2NH3(g). If nitrogen is removed from the system at equilibrium, what will happen to the hydrogen (H2)concentration?

(Short Answer)
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Consider the equilibrium equation C(s)+ H2O(g)+ 2296 J Consider the equilibrium equation C(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 2296 J   <sub> </sub> CO(g)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g).Which way will the reaction shift if the pressure on the system is increased? CO(g)+ H2(g).Which way will the reaction shift if the pressure on the system is increased?

(Short Answer)
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In which of these gas-phase equilibria is the yield of products increased by increasing the total pressure on the reaction mixture?

(Multiple Choice)
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Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH3(g)+ 3O2(g) Consider the following equilibrium, 4NH<sub>3</sub>(g)+ 3O<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> 2N<sub>2</sub>(g)+ 6H<sub>2</sub>O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations the products would increase, decrease, or remain constant after ammonia was added to the system. 2N2(g)+ 6H2O(g)+ 1531 kJ State whether the concentrations the products would increase, decrease, or remain constant after ammonia was added to the system.

(Short Answer)
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For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which one of these changes would cause the Br2 concentration to decrease? 2NOBr(g)  For the following reaction at equilibrium in a reaction vessel, which one of these changes would cause the Br<sub>2</sub> concentration to decrease? 2NOBr(g)   <sub> </sub> 2NO(g)+ Br<sub>2</sub>(g),  \Delta Hº<sub>rxn</sub>= 30 kJ/mol 2NO(g)+ Br2(g), Δ\Delta Hºrxn= 30 kJ/mol

(Multiple Choice)
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The equilibrium constant for the reaction Ni(s)+ 4CO(g) The equilibrium constant for the reaction Ni(s)+ 4CO(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ni(CO)<sub>4</sub>(g)is 5.0 * 10<sup>4</sup> at 25ºC. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction Ni(CO)<sub>4</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ni(s)+ 4CO(g)? Ni(CO)4(g)is 5.0 * 104 at 25ºC. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction Ni(CO)4(g) The equilibrium constant for the reaction Ni(s)+ 4CO(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ni(CO)<sub>4</sub>(g)is 5.0 * 10<sup>4</sup> at 25ºC. What is the equilibrium constant for the reaction Ni(CO)<sub>4</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> <sub> </sub>Ni(s)+ 4CO(g)? Ni(s)+ 4CO(g)?

(Multiple Choice)
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Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. CaCO3(s) Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s)   <sub> </sub> CaO(s)+ CO<sub>2</sub>(g) K<sub>P</sub> for this reaction is 1.16 at 800°C.A 5.00 L vessel containing 10.0 g of CaCO<sub>3</sub>(s)was evacuated to remove the air, sealed, and then heated to 800°C.Ignoring the volume occupied by the solid, what will be the overall mass percent of carbon in the solid once equilibrium is reached? CaO(s)+ CO2(g) KP for this reaction is 1.16 at 800°C.A 5.00 L vessel containing 10.0 g of CaCO3(s)was evacuated to remove the air, sealed, and then heated to 800°C.Ignoring the volume occupied by the solid, what will be the overall mass percent of carbon in the solid once equilibrium is reached?

(Short Answer)
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The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction CuO(s)+ H2(g) The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction CuO(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>(g)   <sub> </sub> Cu(s)+ H<sub>2</sub>O(g)is K<sub>c</sub> = [H<sub>2</sub>]/[H<sub>2</sub>O]. Cu(s)+ H2O(g)is Kc = [H2]/[H2O].

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