Exam 13: Chemical Equilibrium

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Acids donate protons to water according to the general equation: HA(aq)+ H2O(l)⇌ H3O+(aq)+ A-(aq) Consider the following acids and their equilibrium constants for reaction with water at 25°C.If all the acids have the same initial concentration,which is the strongest acid (i.e.which donates the most protons to water)?

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For which one of the following reactions will Kc = Kp?

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Shown below is a concentration vs.time plot for the reaction A ⇌ B.For this reaction the value of the equilibrium constant is Shown below is a concentration vs.time plot for the reaction A ⇌ B.For this reaction the value of the equilibrium constant is

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The reaction A2 + B2 ⇌ 2 AB has an equilibrium constant Kc = 1.8.The following pictures represent reaction mixtures that contain A2 molecules (shaded)and B2 molecules (unshaded),and AB molecules.Which reaction mixture is at equilibrium? The reaction A<sub>2</sub> + B<sub>2</sub> ⇌ 2 AB has an equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub> = 1.8.The following pictures represent reaction mixtures that contain A<sub>2</sub> molecules (shaded)and B<sub>2</sub> molecules (unshaded),and AB molecules.Which reaction mixture is at equilibrium?

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Nitric oxide reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide: 2 NO(g)+ O2(g)⇌ 2 NO2(g) What is Kc' for the reverse reaction if the equilibrium concentration of NO is 0.300 M,O2 is 0.200 M,and NO2 is 0.530 M at 25°C?

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What is the value for Kc for the following reaction: PbCl2(s)⇌ Pb2+(aq)+ 2 Cl-(aq), If PbCl2(s)= 1.50 grams,[Pb2+] = 1.6 × 10-2 M and [Cl-] = 3.2 × 10-2 M at equilibrium? (The molar mass of PbCl2(s)is 278 g/mol and its density is 5.85 g/cm3. )

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Picture (1)represents an equilibrium mixture of solid CaCO3,solid CaO,and gaseous CO2,obtained as a result of the endothermic decomposition of CaCO3. Picture (1)represents an equilibrium mixture of solid CaCO<sub>3</sub>,solid CaO,and gaseous CO<sub>2</sub>,obtained as a result of the endothermic decomposition of CaCO<sub>3</sub>.   -Which picture (2)-(4)represents the equilibrium mixture after addition of four more CO<sub>2</sub> molecules? -Which picture (2)-(4)represents the equilibrium mixture after addition of four more CO2 molecules?

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Kc = 1.2 × 10-42 at 500 K for the reaction shown below. H2(g)⇌ 2 H(g) If [H2] = 1 × 10-2 M and [H] = 1.2 × 10-22 M,in order to achieve equilibrium a net reaction must occur from ________ to ________ until Qc = ________.

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The reaction CaCO3(s)⇌ CaO(s)+ O2(g)is endothermic 298 K.The effect of increasing the total volume of the system at equilibrium will ________ (decrease,increase,have no effect on)the total quantity of CaCO3 once equilibrium is reestablished.

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Phosphorus pentachloride decomposes to phosphorus trichloride and chlorine gas at elevated temperatures by the following reaction: PCl5(g)⇌ PCl3(g)+ Cl2(g).If Kc = 1.8 at 250°C. What is the value of Kp at the same temperature?

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At a certain temperature the equilibrium constant,Kc,equals 0.11 for the reaction: 2 ICl(g)⇌ I2(g)+ Cl2(g). What is the equilibrium concentration of ICl if 0.75 mol of I2 and 0.75 mol of Cl2 are initially mixed in a 2.0-L flask?

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The reaction CaCO3(s)⇌ CaO(s)+ O2(g)is endothermic 298 K.The effect of increasing the partial pressure of O2 in the system at equilibrium will ________ (decrease,increase,have no effect on)the total quantity of CaCO3 once equilibrium is reestablished.

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If additional SCN- is added to the equilibrium system shown below,Le Châtelier's principle predicts a net reaction from ________ to ________,causing the red color to become ________. Fe3+(aq)+ SCN-(aq)⇌ FeSCN2+(aq) yellow colorless red

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The equilibrium constant,Kp,equals 3.40 at 25°C for the isomerization reaction: Cis-2-butene ⇌ trans-2-butene. If a flask initially contains 5.00 atm of each gas,in what direction will the system shift to reach equilibrium?

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Write the equilibrium equation for the forward reaction: 2 CH4 (g)+ 3 O2 (g)⇌ 2 CO (g)+ 4 H2O (g)

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At an elevated temperature,Kp = 4.2 × 10-9 for the reaction 2 HBr(g)⇌ H2(g)+ Br2(g).If the initial partial pressures of HBr,H2,and Br2 are 1.0 × 10-2 atm,2.0 × 10-4 atm,and 2.0 × 10-4 atm,respectively,what is the equilibrium partial pressure of H2?

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An equilibrium mixture of CO,O2 and CO2 at a certain temperature contains 0.0010 M CO2 and 0.0015 M O2.At this temperature,Kc,equals 1.4 × 102 for the reaction: 2 CO(g)+ O2(g)⇌ 2 CO2(g). What is the equilibrium concentration of CO?

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The reaction A2 + B2 ⇌ 2AB has an equilibrium constant Kc = 1.8.The following pictures represent reaction mixtures that contain A2 molecules (shaded)and B2 molecules (unshaded),and AB molecules. The reaction A<sub>2</sub> + B<sub>2 </sub>⇌ 2AB has an equilibrium constant K<sub>c</sub> = 1.8.The following pictures represent reaction mixtures that contain A<sub>2</sub> molecules (shaded)and B<sub>2</sub> molecules (unshaded),and AB molecules.   -Which nonequilibrium mixtures will react in the reverse direction to reach equilibrium? -Which nonequilibrium mixtures will react in the reverse direction to reach equilibrium?

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Kp = 1.5 × 103 at 400°C for the reaction 2 NH3(g)⇌ N2(g)+ 3 H2(g).What is the value of Kp for the reaction: 2 N2(g)+ 6 H2(g)⇌ 4 NH3(g)?

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Which of the following changes in reaction conditions will alter the composition of an equilibrium mixture of gases for a reaction having unequal moles of gaseous products and gaseous reactants?

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