Question 1

Answer true or false to the following statement: Yersinia pestis resists digestion in the phagolysosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Which of the following are low-molecular-weight proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) Hematopoietins 
B) Chemokines 
C) Both hematopoietins and chemokines 
D) None of the choices 
A) Hematopoietins 
B) Chemokines 
C) Both hematopoietins and chemokines 
D) None of the choices C

Question 3

Neutrophils are tightly controlled to prevent damage to host cells for all the following reasons except that they

Accepted Answer

A) Produce perforins that produce pores in plasma membranes 
B) Are programmed for apoptosis 
C) Produce granzymes which enter the pores and induce apoptosis in target cells 
D) Can release toxic substances into extracellular fluids 
A) Produce perforins that produce pores in plasma membranes 
B) Are programmed for apoptosis 
C) Produce granzymes which enter the pores and induce apoptosis in target cells 
D) Can release toxic substances into extracellular fluids B

Question 4

Which of the following is an effect of protein C3b?

Accepted Answer

A) Activation of the classical pathway 
B) Histamine release 
C) Opsonization 
A) Activation of the classical pathway 
B) Histamine release 
C) Opsonization

Question 5

Which of the following is incorrect regarding natural killer (NK)cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Induce apoptosis in target cells 
B) Recognize target cells using Toll-like receptors 
C) Kill tumor cells 
D) Produce gamma interferon 
A) Induce apoptosis in target cells 
B) Recognize target cells using Toll-like receptors 
C) Kill tumor cells 
D) Produce gamma interferon

Question 6

Which of the following is an effect of protein C1?

Accepted Answer

A) Activation of the classical pathway 
B) Histamine release 
C) Opsonization 
A) Activation of the classical pathway 
B) Histamine release 
C) Opsonization

Question 7

All of the following contain lysozyme except

Accepted Answer

A) Tears 
B) Perspiration 
C) Urine 
D) Stomach acid 
E) Saliva 
A) Tears 
B) Perspiration 
C) Urine 
D) Stomach acid 
E) Saliva

Question 8

The interaction between natural killer (NK)cells and macrophages amplifies the innate immune response.Rearrange the following into the order of events during this amplification.Which is the last event?

Accepted Answer

A) Macrophage production of cytokines TNF and IL-12 increases 
B) Increased production of IL-2 by NK cells 
C) NK cells produce gamma interferon (IFN-?) 
D) Proliferation of NK cells 
A) Macrophage production of cytokines TNF and IL-12 increases 
B) Increased production of IL-2 by NK cells 
C) NK cells produce gamma interferon (IFN-?) 
D) Proliferation of NK cells

Question 9

Answer true or false to the following statement: The lachrymal apparatus produces tears continuously,with increased production in times of irritation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Answer true or false to the following statement: Ciliated cells rhythmically move mucus down to the bronchioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Dendritic cells located in the skin are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) Kupffer cells 
B) M cells 
C) Natural killer (NK) cells 
D) Langerhans cells 
E) Mast cells 
A) Kupffer cells 
B) M cells 
C) Natural killer (NK) cells 
D) Langerhans cells 
E) Mast cells

Question 12

Explain how neutrophils migrate to sites of infection.Incorporate the following terms into your description:

blood vessel wall ,   diapedesis , selectin, margination,	chemotactic

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils migrate from the blood to ti

Question 13

Which of the following include chemo-attractive factors?

Accepted Answer

A) Hematopoietins 
B) Chemokines 
C) Both hematopoietins and chemokines 
D) None of the choices 
A) Hematopoietins 
B) Chemokines 
C) Both hematopoietins and chemokines 
D) None of the choices

Question 14

Which of the following is a mismatched pair?

Accepted Answer

A) Perspiration: lysozyme 
B) Urine: alkaline 
C) Eye: immunologically protected site 
D) Sebum: unsaturated fatty acids 
E) Lysozyme: cell wall degradation 
A) Perspiration: lysozyme 
B) Urine: alkaline 
C) Eye: immunologically protected site 
D) Sebum: unsaturated fatty acids 
E) Lysozyme: cell wall degradation

Question 15

All of the following describe the activity of mast cells except

Accepted Answer

A) Increase effector cell recruitment to sites of infection 
B) Proliferate in tissues as part of a replacement process 
C) Rapidly release inflammatory mediators including histamine and chemokines 
D) Release perforin and granzyme to kill target cells 
E) Influence adaptive immune responses 
A) Increase effector cell recruitment to sites of infection 
B) Proliferate in tissues as part of a replacement process 
C) Rapidly release inflammatory mediators including histamine and chemokines 
D) Release perforin and granzyme to kill target cells 
E) Influence adaptive immune responses

Question 16

Which of the following is not an outcome of complement activation?

Accepted Answer

A) Membrane attack complex 
B) Fever 
C) Opsonization 
D) Inflammation 
A) Membrane attack complex 
B) Fever 
C) Opsonization 
D) Inflammation

Question 17

What are Toll-like receptors (TLRs)? Provide three specific examples of ligands to which TLRs bind.What is the outcome of a TLR binding to its ligand?

Accepted Answer

Toll-like receptors (TLRs)are molecules

Question 18

Which of the following includes histamine?

Accepted Answer

A) Hematopoietins 
B) Chemokines 
C) Both hematopoietins and chemokines 
D) None of the choices 
A) Hematopoietins 
B) Chemokines 
C) Both hematopoietins and chemokines 
D) None of the choices

Question 19

Name the four phases of phagocytosis.Provide a brief explanation of what takes place during each phase.

Accepted Answer

The phases of phagocytosis are adherence

Question 20

Identify the two ways barrier defenses contribute to the first line of defense in innate immunity.Provide two examples of each and an example of a barrier that functions in both ways.

Accepted Answer

Barrier defenses function by mechanicall

Exam 15: The Innate Immune Response

Answer true or false to the following statement: Yersinia pestis resists digestion in the phagolysosome.

Which of the following are low-molecular-weight proteins?

Neutrophils are tightly controlled to prevent damage to host cells for all the following reasons except that they

Which of the following is an effect of protein C3b?

Which of the following is incorrect regarding natural killer (NK)cells?

Which of the following is an effect of protein C1?

All of the following contain lysozyme except

The interaction between natural killer (NK)cells and macrophages amplifies the innate immune response.Rearrange the following into the order of events during this amplification.Which is the last event?

Answer true or false to the following statement: The lachrymal apparatus produces tears continuously,with increased production in times of irritation.

Answer true or false to the following statement: Ciliated cells rhythmically move mucus down to the bronchioles.

Dendritic cells located in the skin are referred to as

Explain how neutrophils migrate to sites of infection.Incorporate the following terms into your description: blood vessel wall , diapedesis , selectin, margination, chemotactic

Which of the following include chemo-attractive factors?

Which of the following is a mismatched pair?

All of the following describe the activity of mast cells except

Which of the following is not an outcome of complement activation?

What are Toll-like receptors (TLRs)? Provide three specific examples of ligands to which TLRs bind.What is the outcome of a TLR binding to its ligand?

Which of the following includes histamine?

Name the four phases of phagocytosis.Provide a brief explanation of what takes place during each phase.

Identify the two ways barrier defenses contribute to the first line of defense in innate immunity.Provide two examples of each and an example of a barrier that functions in both ways.

What is Microbiology and Why Does it Matter?

Fundamental Chemistry for Microbiology

Essentials of Metabolism

An Introduction to Cell Structure and Host-Pathogen Relationships

Requirements for Infection

Transmission of Infection, the Compromised Host, Epidemiology, and Diagnosing Infections

Principles of Disease

Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Disease

The Clinical Significance of Bacterial Anatomy

Bacterial Growth

Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease

The Structure and Infection Cycle of Viruses

Viral Infection

Parasitic and Fungal Infections

The Adaptive Immune Response

Failures of the Immune Response

Control of Microbial Growth with Disinfectants and Antiseptics

Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Drugs

Antibiotic Resistance

Infections of the Respiratory System

Infections of the Digestive System

Infections of the Genitourinary System

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Infections of the Blood and Lymph

Infections of the Skin and Eyes

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