Question 1

If an individual is diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome,then

Accepted Answer

A) T cells fail to develop 
B) Class II MHC molecules are not expressed 
C) Cytokines are not produced 
D) There is increased susceptibility to Neisseria spp. infections owing to defects in complement 
E) They cannot form phagolysosomes 
A) T cells fail to develop 
B) Class II MHC molecules are not expressed 
C) Cytokines are not produced 
D) There is increased susceptibility to Neisseria spp. infections owing to defects in complement 
E) They cannot form phagolysosomes A

Question 2

The "AIDS dementia" that some people with HIV get is most associated with what body system?

Accepted Answer

A) Nervous system 
B) Lymphatic system 
C) Circulatory system 
D) Cranial system 
A) Nervous system 
B) Lymphatic system 
C) Circulatory system 
D) Cranial system A

Question 3

Which malignancy is commonly associated with HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Breast cancer 
B) Prostate cancer 
C) Kaposi's sarcoma 
D) T-cell lymphoma 
A) Breast cancer 
B) Prostate cancer 
C) Kaposi's sarcoma 
D) T-cell lymphoma C

Question 4

Describe the three phases of HIV infection.

Accepted Answer

The three phases of HIV infection are th

Question 5

HIV uses a complex of glycoproteins on its surface,including _____,to bind to the surface of T cells,dendritic cells,and macrophages.

Accepted Answer

A) CD4 and CD8 
B) Gp120 and gp41 
C) CXCR4 and CCR5 
D) CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 
A) CD4 and CD8 
B) Gp120 and gp41 
C) CXCR4 and CCR5 
D) CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5

Question 6

Which of the following body fluids contains the highest number of infectious HIV particles per milliliter of fluid from infected individuals?

Accepted Answer

A) Saliva 
B) Vaginal-cervical fluid 
C) Cerebrospinal fluid 
D) Breast milk 
E) Tears 
A) Saliva 
B) Vaginal-cervical fluid 
C) Cerebrospinal fluid 
D) Breast milk 
E) Tears

Question 7

Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease commonly caused by what bacterial species?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcal species 
B) Streptococcal species 
C) Listeria species 
D) Mycobacterium species 
A) Staphylococcal species 
B) Streptococcal species 
C) Listeria species 
D) Mycobacterium species

Question 8

Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are caused by

Accepted Answer

A) Immune complexes of soluble antigens and IgG 
B) Antigen-specific T cells 
C) Eosinophil activation 
D) Anti-drug IgG antibodies 
E) IgE cross-linking on mast cell surfaces 
A) Immune complexes of soluble antigens and IgG 
B) Antigen-specific T cells 
C) Eosinophil activation 
D) Anti-drug IgG antibodies 
E) IgE cross-linking on mast cell surfaces

Question 9

B-cell immunodeficiencies cause all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) Failure to protect mucosal surfaces with neutralizing antibody 
B) Increased susceptibility to viral infections 
C) Inability to opsonize encapsulated bacteria 
D) Loss of toxin neutralization function 
E) Severe combined immunodeficiency 
A) Failure to protect mucosal surfaces with neutralizing antibody 
B) Increased susceptibility to viral infections 
C) Inability to opsonize encapsulated bacteria 
D) Loss of toxin neutralization function 
E) Severe combined immunodeficiency

Question 10

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Autoimmunity can be induced by infection, drugs, and toxins 
B) Some individuals are genetically predisposed to the development of autoimmune disease 
C) Autoimmune diseases are classified according to whether they are organ-specific or systemic 
D) Graves' disease affects the nervous system 
A) Autoimmunity can be induced by infection, drugs, and toxins 
B) Some individuals are genetically predisposed to the development of autoimmune disease 
C) Autoimmune diseases are classified according to whether they are organ-specific or systemic 
D) Graves' disease affects the nervous system

Question 11

All of the following are associated with anaphylactic shock except

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease in blood pressure 
B) Bronchoconstriction 
C) Systemic vascular permeability 
D) Itchy, watery eyes 
E) Activation of mast cells in connective tissue 
A) Decrease in blood pressure 
B) Bronchoconstriction 
C) Systemic vascular permeability 
D) Itchy, watery eyes 
E) Activation of mast cells in connective tissue

Question 12

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of phagocyte function 
B) Thymic aplasia 
C) Susceptibility to encapsulated bacterial infections 
D) Lack of T cells and B cells 
E) The presence of a functional actin cytoskeleton 
A) Loss of phagocyte function 
B) Thymic aplasia 
C) Susceptibility to encapsulated bacterial infections 
D) Lack of T cells and B cells 
E) The presence of a functional actin cytoskeleton

Question 13

Which of the following is not a characteristic of HIV?

Accepted Answer

A) Enveloped 
B) Retrovirus 
C) Single-stranded DNA 
D) Sexually transmitted 
E) Encodes reverse transcriptase 
A) Enveloped 
B) Retrovirus 
C) Single-stranded DNA 
D) Sexually transmitted 
E) Encodes reverse transcriptase

Question 14

Which of the following is not a characteristic of primary immunodeficiencies?

Accepted Answer

A) They cause overwhelming and frequent infections early in childhood 
B) Can result from defects in the complement system 
C) They are caused by recessive gene defects 
D) They affect humoral but not cell-mediated immune responses 
A) They cause overwhelming and frequent infections early in childhood 
B) Can result from defects in the complement system 
C) They are caused by recessive gene defects 
D) They affect humoral but not cell-mediated immune responses

Question 15

Which of the following would most likely produce an anaphylactic response in a patient allergic to the substance?

Accepted Answer

A) Pollen 
B) Peanuts 
C) Dust mites 
D) Cat dander 
A) Pollen 
B) Peanuts 
C) Dust mites 
D) Cat dander

Question 16

Summarize the sequence of events during HIV infection,beginning with adsorption of the virion on the host cell surface and ending with the release of virions from the infected cell.

Accepted Answer

Viral envelope glycoproteins gp120 and g

Question 17

Some people are resistant to HIV infection because of mutations in _____ on the surface of host cells.

Accepted Answer

A) CD4 
B) Co-stimulatory molecules 
C) Co-receptors 
D) Class II MHC molecules 
E) CD8 
A) CD4 
B) Co-stimulatory molecules 
C) Co-receptors 
D) Class II MHC molecules 
E) CD8

Question 18

Describe the appearance of lymph nodes during the early asymptomatic phase and the late symptomatic phase of HIV infection

Accepted Answer

Early in the asymptomatic phase the lymp

Question 19

Explain what accounts for the high level of mutation associated with HIV.	Why does this pose a problem for the host?

Accepted Answer

HIV is a retrovirus that uses reverse tr

Question 20

Some hosts are subject to numerous infections by pyogenic (pus-forming)bacteria.This is indicative of a defect in

Accepted Answer

A) The complement pathway 
B) The production of interferon 
C) Antigen presentation 
D) Chemotactic factors 
A) The complement pathway 
B) The production of interferon 
C) Antigen presentation 
D) Chemotactic factors

Exam 17: Failures of the Immune Response

If an individual is diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome,then

The "AIDS dementia" that some people with HIV get is most associated with what body system?

Which malignancy is commonly associated with HIV infection?

Describe the three phases of HIV infection.

HIV uses a complex of glycoproteins on its surface,including _____,to bind to the surface of T cells,dendritic cells,and macrophages.

Which of the following body fluids contains the highest number of infectious HIV particles per milliliter of fluid from infected individuals?

Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease commonly caused by what bacterial species?

Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are caused by

B-cell immunodeficiencies cause all of the following except

Which of the following statements is false?

All of the following are associated with anaphylactic shock except

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is characterized by

Which of the following is not a characteristic of HIV?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of primary immunodeficiencies?

Which of the following would most likely produce an anaphylactic response in a patient allergic to the substance?

Summarize the sequence of events during HIV infection,beginning with adsorption of the virion on the host cell surface and ending with the release of virions from the infected cell.

Some people are resistant to HIV infection because of mutations in _____ on the surface of host cells.

Describe the appearance of lymph nodes during the early asymptomatic phase and the late symptomatic phase of HIV infection

Explain what accounts for the high level of mutation associated with HIV. Why does this pose a problem for the host?

Some hosts are subject to numerous infections by pyogenic (pus-forming)bacteria.This is indicative of a defect in

What is Microbiology and Why Does it Matter?

Fundamental Chemistry for Microbiology

Essentials of Metabolism

An Introduction to Cell Structure and Host-Pathogen Relationships

Requirements for Infection

Transmission of Infection, the Compromised Host, Epidemiology, and Diagnosing Infections

Principles of Disease

Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Disease

The Clinical Significance of Bacterial Anatomy

Bacterial Growth

Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease

The Structure and Infection Cycle of Viruses

Viral Infection

Parasitic and Fungal Infections

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Control of Microbial Growth with Disinfectants and Antiseptics

Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Drugs

Antibiotic Resistance

Infections of the Respiratory System

Infections of the Digestive System

Infections of the Genitourinary System

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Infections of the Blood and Lymph

Infections of the Skin and Eyes

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