Exam 2: The Evolution of Management Thought

The Human relations movement advocated that supervisors be behaviorally trained to manage subordinates in ways that elicit their cooperation and increase their productivity.

Hewlett-Packard established a philosophy of management known as the "HP Way" that is people-oriented,stresses the importance of treating every person with consideration and respect,and offers recognition for achievements.This philosophy of management is consistent with Theory X.

Centralization versus decentralization is one of the more interesting arguments in management theory.Discuss the pros and cons of each of these two organizing methods in terms of how a large organization can be organized in terms of its decision-making authority.

What is the process by which a division of labor occurs as different workers specialize in tasks?

The development of "lean manufacturing" is attributed to manufacturing managers at Ford.

Managers who accept Theory Y:

A public works department's employee manual states that standard practice is that all employees working along the roadway should wear a "reflective vest" at all times.This is an example of:

Andrew Carnegie was able to create the most successful industrial company of his day,Carnegie Steel,by empowering his workers.

Ford Manufacturing moved from small batch production to mass-production manufacturing to increase efficiency.

The collection of forces that exist beyond the organization's physical boundaries but which affect the manager's ability to obtain and to use resources is known as:

Fayol believed that authority should be decentralized and not be concentrated at the top of the chain of command of the organization.

The idea that workers should be aware of how their behavior affects the performance of the organization as a whole is most consistent with Fayol's principle of:

Define bureaucracy and identify the five principles that a bureaucratic system of administration is based on.

Discuss the management contributions of the Gilbreths.

Theory Y assumes that workers are not lazy,do not dislike work,and will do what is good for the organization.

The Hawthorne effect suggested that workers' attitudes toward their managers have little to no affect on the level of workers' performance.

Fayol believed that "dual command" increased efficiency and verified the formal hierarchy of authority.

Mamma Mia's Ristorante has an informal practice in which all the servers try to help each other out if they are not busy with customers.This practice is called:

The contingency theory suggests that there is only one best way to organize.

Define administrative management and briefly discuss two major contributions from Max Weber and Henri Fayol.