Exam 15: Managing Communication
Ekman and Friesen have classified body language into five types of expressions: _______.
B
Of the four formal communications channels,studies suggest that ___________ is typically the most ineffective.
A
What is the grapevine and what is its significance to the organization?
The grapevine is a powerful means of communication that cuts across formal channels of communication.Despite the efforts of many companies to limit or disapprove of the grapevine's use,it is still extremely prevalent.Although the nature of its effect on organizational effectiveness is debatable,there's no denying that its effect is real.Many if not most of an organization's employees listen to the assortment of facts,opinions,suspicions,and rumors the grapevine provides.This is information that normally does not travel through the organization's formal channels.According to research,an organization has several grapevine systems,information traveling in a grapevine does not follow an orderly path,and the grapevine is at least 75 percent accurate. Managers must recognize that a grapevine that serves as a constant source of rumors can be troublesome.Rumors are an everyday part of business and management.In fact,an estimated 33 million-plus rumors are generated in U.S.businesses every day.The best that managers can hope for is that they can manage rumors-keeping them from disrupting organizational activities-rather than eliminate them. A rumor is an unverified belief that is in general circulation inside the organization (an internal rumor)or in the organization's external environment (an external rumor).A rumor has three components: the target is the object of the rumor; the allegation is the rumor's point about the target; and the source is the original communicator of the rumor.Often,individuals will attribute a rumor to a prestigious or authoritative source to give the rumor more credibility. Some grapevine rumors are true; some are not.
The richness of communication refers to the cost of the message,for example flying in for a face to face meeting vs.a conference call.
Rumors have been classified into four categories.What are these categories and their significance to management?
Briefly describe the four "directions" of communication.Which one is frequently the least effective and why?
Communications barriers that are caused by the receiver include _________.
The encoding process translates the communicator's ideas into a systematic set of symbols.
Facing a downturn in sales,rumors started that there would a significant layoff.This is an example of a ___________ rumor.
The purpose of the communicator is expressed in the form of the message-either verbal or nonverbal.
Studies have found that in a typical day ___________ of a manager's communications occur in face-to-face interactions.
Rob nods his head to Jack during their conversation to indicate his understanding and that Jack should continue.Ekman and Friesen would consider this head nodding a(n)_________.
The encoding process translates the communicator's ideas into _________.
Sympathy is the ability to put oneself in the other person's role and to assume that individual's viewpoints and emotions.
Within the Johari Window,the area known as the blind spot is when information is known to the self but unknown to others.
Over three-fourths of a manager's communications in a typical day occur in face-to-face interactions.
Body language has been classified by Ekman and Friesen into five type types of expressions.Briefly present each of these types.
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