Question 1

Learning theory focuses on the linkage between performance and outcomes in the motivation equation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to the expectancy theory, members of an organization are motivated to put forth a high level of effort only if they think that doing so leads to high performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

_____ collapsed the five categories of needs in Maslow's hierarchy into three universal categories-existence, relatedness, and growth.

Accepted Answer

A)  David McClelland's three-needs theory 
B)  Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory 
C)  Herzberg's hygiene-motivator theory 
D)  B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning 
E)  Victor H. Vroom's expectancy theory 
A)  David McClelland's three-needs theory 
B)  Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory 
C)  Herzberg's hygiene-motivator theory 
D)  B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning 
E)  Victor H. Vroom's expectancy theory

Question 4

Vicarious learning occurs when a person becomes motivated to perform a behavior by watching another person performing the behavior and being positively reinforced for doing so.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following theories proposes that motivation results not only from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from a person's thoughts and beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Needs hierarchy theory 
B)  ERG theory 
C)  Equity theory 
D)  Operant conditioning theory 
E)  Social learning theory 
A)  Needs hierarchy theory 
B)  ERG theory 
C)  Equity theory 
D)  Operant conditioning theory 
E)  Social learning theory

Question 6

Which of the following is true of Alderfer's ERG theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It states that when people experience need frustration, they focus upon a lower-level need. 
B)  It states that a person can be motivated by only one need from any given level at a time. 
C)  It states that needs which have already been satisfied are the strongest motivators. 
D)  It states that the need for self-actualization is more important than the need for affiliation. 
E)  It states that the need for personal growth is the lowest-level need. 
A)  It states that when people experience need frustration, they focus upon a lower-level need. 
B)  It states that a person can be motivated by only one need from any given level at a time. 
C)  It states that needs which have already been satisfied are the strongest motivators. 
D)  It states that the need for self-actualization is more important than the need for affiliation. 
E)  It states that the need for personal growth is the lowest-level need.

Question 7

Overpayment inequity exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is less than that of a referent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Under profit sharing, managers receive a share of their employees' profits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to the expectancy theory, employees are motivated to perform at a high level only if they think high performance will lead to outcomes such as pay, job security, interesting job assignments, bonuses, or a feeling of accomplishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

_____ exists when a person's own outcome-input ratio is perceived to be less than that of a referent.

Accepted Answer

A)  Absolute equity 
B)  Instrumental equity 
C)  Terminal equity 
D)  Underpayment inequity 
E)  Overpayment inequity 
A)  Absolute equity 
B)  Instrumental equity 
C)  Terminal equity 
D)  Underpayment inequity 
E)  Overpayment inequity

Question 11

According to the operant conditioning theory, by linking the performance of specific behaviors to the attainment of specific outcomes, managers can motivate organization members to perform in ways that help an organization achieve its goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to the expectancy theory, in what way can a manager boost the expectancy levels and motivation of employees?

Accepted Answer

A)  By setting them tasks for which they are overqualified 
B)  By expressing confidence in their competence and capability 
C)  By not putting them through intensive, routine training programs 
D)  By lowering their levels of autonomy and responsibility as they gain experience 
E)  By giving them advice frequently and monitoring their performance constantly 
A)  By setting them tasks for which they are overqualified 
B)  By expressing confidence in their competence and capability 
C)  By not putting them through intensive, routine training programs 
D)  By lowering their levels of autonomy and responsibility as they gain experience 
E)  By giving them advice frequently and monitoring their performance constantly

Question 13

Drew works by the company's code of conduct only because he knows that not doing so will get him fired. Drew's motivation is intrinsic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is true of employee stock options?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are used in lieu of payment for entry-level employees. 
B)  They are used in lieu of payment for high-level managers. 
C)  They are used to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals. 
D)  They are used to attract customers from different market segments. 
E)  They are used to decrease the value of stock options. 
A)  They are used in lieu of payment for entry-level employees. 
B)  They are used in lieu of payment for high-level managers. 
C)  They are used to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals. 
D)  They are used to attract customers from different market segments. 
E)  They are used to decrease the value of stock options.

Question 15

Harry has a strong desire to perform challenging tasks well and to meet personal standards for excellence, even at the expense of maintaining good interpersonal relationships with his employees. According to McClelland's three-needs theory, Harry has a:

Accepted Answer

A)  high need for affiliation and high need for achievement. 
B)  low need for affiliation and high need for achievement. 
C)  high need for affiliation and low need for power. 
D)  high need for power and high need for affiliation 
E)  low need for achievement and low need for power 
A)  high need for affiliation and high need for achievement. 
B)  low need for affiliation and high need for achievement. 
C)  high need for affiliation and low need for power. 
D)  high need for power and high need for affiliation 
E)  low need for achievement and low need for power

Question 16

In what way do the theories of Maslow and Alderfer resemble each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both theories agree that self-actualization forms the base of the needs hierarchy. 
B)  Both theories agree that a person can only be motivated by one need at a time. 
C)  Both theories agree that as lower-level needs become satisfied, people seek to satisfy higher-level needs. 
D)  Both theories agree that when people experience need frustration, they focus upon satisfying higher-level needs. 
E)  Both theories agree that physiological needs form the pinnacle of the needs hierarchy. 
A)  Both theories agree that self-actualization forms the base of the needs hierarchy. 
B)  Both theories agree that a person can only be motivated by one need at a time. 
C)  Both theories agree that as lower-level needs become satisfied, people seek to satisfy higher-level needs. 
D)  Both theories agree that when people experience need frustration, they focus upon satisfying higher-level needs. 
E)  Both theories agree that physiological needs form the pinnacle of the needs hierarchy.

Question 17

According to Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Job security 
B)  Responsibility 
C)  Autonomy 
D)  A sense of accomplishment 
E)  Interesting work 
A)  Job security 
B)  Responsibility 
C)  Autonomy 
D)  A sense of accomplishment 
E)  Interesting work

Question 18

How can pay be used as a source of motivation? How do need theories, the expectance theory, and learning theories describe the importance of pay?

Accepted Answer

not answered
Explanation:Pay is used to

Question 19

When an organization bases employees' pay on the number of units each employee produces, it is using a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  equity plan 
B)  Scanlon plan 
C)  piece-rate plan 
D)  commission pay plan 
E)  stock option plan 
A)  equity plan 
B)  Scanlon plan 
C)  piece-rate plan 
D)  commission pay plan 
E)  stock option plan

Question 20

When John violated the company's code of ethics, he was suspended for eight weeks without pay. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction 
B)  positive reinforcement 
C)  negative reinforcement 
D)  extraction 
E)  punishment 
A)  extinction 
B)  positive reinforcement 
C)  negative reinforcement 
D)  extraction 
E)  punishment

Learning theory focuses on the linkage between performance and outcomes in the motivation equation.

According to the expectancy theory, members of an organization are motivated to put forth a high level of effort only if they think that doing so leads to high performance.

_____ collapsed the five categories of needs in Maslow's hierarchy into three universal categories-existence, relatedness, and growth.

Vicarious learning occurs when a person becomes motivated to perform a behavior by watching another person performing the behavior and being positively reinforced for doing so.

Which of the following theories proposes that motivation results not only from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from a person's thoughts and beliefs?

Which of the following is true of Alderfer's ERG theory?

Overpayment inequity exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is less than that of a referent.

Under profit sharing, managers receive a share of their employees' profits.

According to the expectancy theory, employees are motivated to perform at a high level only if they think high performance will lead to outcomes such as pay, job security, interesting job assignments, bonuses, or a feeling of accomplishment.

_____ exists when a person's own outcome-input ratio is perceived to be less than that of a referent.

According to the operant conditioning theory, by linking the performance of specific behaviors to the attainment of specific outcomes, managers can motivate organization members to perform in ways that help an organization achieve its goals.

According to the expectancy theory, in what way can a manager boost the expectancy levels and motivation of employees?

Drew works by the company's code of conduct only because he knows that not doing so will get him fired. Drew's motivation is intrinsic.

Which of the following is true of employee stock options?

Harry has a strong desire to perform challenging tasks well and to meet personal standards for excellence, even at the expense of maintaining good interpersonal relationships with his employees. According to McClelland's three-needs theory, Harry has a:

In what way do the theories of Maslow and Alderfer resemble each other?

According to Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

How can pay be used as a source of motivation? How do need theories, the expectance theory, and learning theories describe the importance of pay?

When an organization bases employees' pay on the number of units each employee produces, it is using a(n) _____.

When John violated the company's code of ethics, he was suspended for eight weeks without pay. This is an example of _____.

Managers and Managing

The Evolution of Management

Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: The Manager As a Person

Ethics and Social Responsibility

Managing Diverse Employees in a Multicultural Environment

Managing in the Global Environment

Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

The Manager As a Planner and a Strategist

Value Chain Management: Functional Strategies for Competitive Advantage

Managing Organizational Structure and Culture

Organizational Control and Change

Human Resource Management

Leadership

Effective Groups and Teams

Promoting Effective Communication

Managing Conflict, Politics, and Negotiation

Used Advanced Information Technology to Increase Performance

Filters

Exam 13: Motivation Performance

Learning theory focuses on the linkage between performance and outcomes in the motivation equation.

According to the expectancy theory, members of an organization are motivated to put forth a high level of effort only if they think that doing so leads to high performance.

_____ collapsed the five categories of needs in Maslow's hierarchy into three universal categories-existence, relatedness, and growth.

Vicarious learning occurs when a person becomes motivated to perform a behavior by watching another person performing the behavior and being positively reinforced for doing so.

Which of the following theories proposes that motivation results not only from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from a person's thoughts and beliefs?

Which of the following is true of Alderfer's ERG theory?

Overpayment inequity exists when a person perceives that his or her own outcome-input ratio is less than that of a referent.

Under profit sharing, managers receive a share of their employees' profits.

According to the expectancy theory, employees are motivated to perform at a high level only if they think high performance will lead to outcomes such as pay, job security, interesting job assignments, bonuses, or a feeling of accomplishment.

_____ exists when a person's own outcome-input ratio is perceived to be less than that of a referent.

According to the operant conditioning theory, by linking the performance of specific behaviors to the attainment of specific outcomes, managers can motivate organization members to perform in ways that help an organization achieve its goals.

According to the expectancy theory, in what way can a manager boost the expectancy levels and motivation of employees?

Drew works by the company's code of conduct only because he knows that not doing so will get him fired. Drew's motivation is intrinsic.

Which of the following is true of employee stock options?

Harry has a strong desire to perform challenging tasks well and to meet personal standards for excellence, even at the expense of maintaining good interpersonal relationships with his employees. According to McClelland's three-needs theory, Harry has a:

In what way do the theories of Maslow and Alderfer resemble each other?

According to Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, which of the following outcomes satisfies hygiene needs?

How can pay be used as a source of motivation? How do need theories, the expectance theory, and learning theories describe the importance of pay?

When an organization bases employees' pay on the number of units each employee produces, it is using a(n) _____.

When John violated the company's code of ethics, he was suspended for eight weeks without pay. This is an example of _____.

Managers and Managing

The Evolution of Management

Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: The Manager As a Person

Ethics and Social Responsibility

Managing Diverse Employees in a Multicultural Environment

Managing in the Global Environment

Decision Making, Learning, Creativity, and Entrepreneurship

The Manager As a Planner and a Strategist

Value Chain Management: Functional Strategies for Competitive Advantage

Managing Organizational Structure and Culture

Organizational Control and Change

Human Resource Management

Leadership

Effective Groups and Teams

Promoting Effective Communication

Managing Conflict, Politics, and Negotiation

Used Advanced Information Technology to Increase Performance

Filters