Exam 14: Cardiovascular Physiology

If a myocardial infarction results in the formation of scar tissue along the pathway of the left bundle branch,

The ________ is the amount of blood in a ventricle after it has contracted and before it begins to refill.

Sonja is pregnant.Over the next 40 weeks,her uterus will enlarge as the placenta develops and the fetus grows,her abdomen will add skin to accommodate distension,her breasts will grow,her blood volume will increase,and many other changes will occur.Using what you have learned about basic cardiovascular physiology,predict how parameters such as blood pressure and cardiac output will change.(Note that the fetus has a separate cardiovascular system,which does not need to be considered.)Explain your answer.

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -Joey develops a medical condition that decreases his blood viscosity.Assuming no other change (e.g.,no compensatory reflex),what happens to his blood pressure?

Why is it necessary to direct the electrical signals in the heart through the AV node instead of allowing them to spread directly from the atria to the ventricles?

Match the following terms to the correct answer: -also called the mitral valve

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -The blood pressure in a vessel is 10 units at point A and 10 units at point B.Flow between those points is ________.

Stretching a myocardial cell

In the heart,valves are located

Sonja is pregnant during the year she is taking human physiology.At each check-up,she expects to be told that her blood pressure has increased.Yet into the final weeks of her pregnancy,her blood pressure is unchanged from its pre-pregnancy value.Why did she expect her blood pressure to increase? Propose some explanations for why it didn't.(Hint: Sometimes women adopt healthier habits during pregnancy,there are large blood-filled sinuses in the maternal portion of the placenta,and there are many hormonal effects that are unique to pregnancy.)

A heart with cells contracting rapidly in a disorganized manner,with no effective pumping action,is said to be in ________.

Abnormal patterns of cardiac activity are known as ________.

The period when blood is pushed into the arteries is called ________.

Match each term with its definition. -the volume of blood circulated by the heart in one minute

During the isovolumic phase of ventricular systole,

If there is a blockage between the AV node and the AV bundle,how will this affect the appearance of the electrocardiogram?

You are constructing working models of the heart for extra credit.Your first attempt failed because the cells separated from each other during beating.What structures did you omit,and why did this allow the heart to fall apart? You omitted the gap junctions in your second attempt.How would a real heart fail to function normally without gap junctions?

A heart rate of 125 beats per minute could be correctly termed

Miguel is a 25-year-old jogger with a target heart rate of 125 bpm.His resting pulse is 70 bpm.His blood volume is approximately 6.8 liters.At rest,his cardiac output is 6.3 liters/min. A.What must his stroke volume be? B.What might his EDV and ESV be? C.During his workout,his heart rate increases to 125 bpm and his cardiac output to 12,500 mL/min.Do his SV,EDV,and ESV change with exercise?

________ are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart.