Question 1

Atropine inhibits parasympathetic activity.Discuss the effects of atropine on the heart and describe common expected side effects.

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic stimulation of the heart

Question 2

The amount of blood returning to the heart is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The amount of blood returning to the...

Question 3

The depolarization of the pacemaker action potential spreads to adjacent cells through

Accepted Answer

A)  gap junctions. 
B)  tight junctions. 
C)  chemical synapses. 
D)  desmosomes. 
A)  gap junctions. 
B)  tight junctions. 
C)  chemical synapses. 
D)  desmosomes.

Question 4

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
-Blood pressure decreases during sleep.How does this affect velocity?

Accepted Answer

A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped 
A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped

Question 5

Which of the following statements about hydrostatic pressure is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  If a fluid is not moving, the pressure that it exerts is called hydrostatic pressure. 
B)  Force is not equal in all directions. 
C)  The lateral pressure component of moving fluid represents the hydrostatic pressure. 
D)  Hydrostatic pressure does not include the dynamic component of a moving fluid. 
E)  All of the statements are true. 
A)  If a fluid is not moving, the pressure that it exerts is called hydrostatic pressure. 
B)  Force is not equal in all directions. 
C)  The lateral pressure component of moving fluid represents the hydrostatic pressure. 
D)  Hydrostatic pressure does not include the dynamic component of a moving fluid. 
E)  All of the statements are true.

Question 6

The duration of the action potential is ________ in contractile myocardium,________ in autorhythmic contractile,and ________ in skeletal muscle.

Accepted Answer

extended: 200+ msec,

Question 7

Put these phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order.
1)opening of the semilunar valves
2)isovolumic contraction
3)beginning of atrial systole
4)closure of the AV valves
5)completion of ventricular filling
6)beginning of ventricular systole
7)ventricular relaxation
8)ventricular ejection

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 5, 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6 
B)  3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 8, 7 
C)  3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 8, 7 
D)  3, 5, 6, 1, 8, 4, 2, 7 
E)  3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 7, 1 
A)  4, 5, 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 6 
B)  3, 2, 6, 1, 4, 5, 8, 7 
C)  3, 5, 6, 4, 2, 1, 8, 7 
D)  3, 5, 6, 1, 8, 4, 2, 7 
E)  3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 8, 7, 1

Question 8

If the stroke volume of the left ventricle is 65 mL/beat and the stroke volume of the right ventricle is 68 mL/beat,what will happen to the relative distribution of blood in the systemic and pulmonary circulation after 15 beats?

Accepted Answer

With each heartbeat,the left side will g

Question 9

Atrial contraction

Accepted Answer

A)  begins during the first part of the P wave. 
B)  begins just after the T wave. 
C)  begins just after the Q wave. 
D)  begins during the latter part of the P wave. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  begins during the first part of the P wave. 
B)  begins just after the T wave. 
C)  begins just after the Q wave. 
D)  begins during the latter part of the P wave. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
-You suck milk through a 6-inch straw and through a 10-inch straw; the diameters are identical.Resistance is ________ in the 10-inch straw compared to the 6-inch straw.

Accepted Answer

A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped 
A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped

Question 11

Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue except one.Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased blood volume 
B)  decreased vessel diameter 
C)  increased blood pressure 
D)  decreased peripheral resistance 
E)  relaxation of precapillary sphincters 
A)  increased blood volume 
B)  decreased vessel diameter 
C)  increased blood pressure 
D)  decreased peripheral resistance 
E)  relaxation of precapillary sphincters

Question 12

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described.
-If total cross-sectional area of blood vessels in an organ increases,what happens to velocity of blood through that organ?

Accepted Answer

A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped 
A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
D) stopped

Question 13

The chambers of the heart that pump blood into the arteries are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chambers of the heart that pump...

Question 14

Narrowing of the opening of a heart valve is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Narrowing of the opening of a heart...

Question 15

The most proximal arteries to branch from the aorta are the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most proximal arteries to branch from...

Question 16

Explain what a portal system is and give an example.How is a portal system different from the typical arrangement of vessels?

Accepted Answer

A portal system is a special circulation

Question 17

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

Accepted Answer

A)  provide oxygen to the heart. 
B)  reduce friction between the heart and the pericardium. 
C)  provide fuel to the heart. 
D)  remove waste products from the heart. 
E)  store calcium for the heart. 
A)  provide oxygen to the heart. 
B)  reduce friction between the heart and the pericardium. 
C)  provide fuel to the heart. 
D)  remove waste products from the heart. 
E)  store calcium for the heart.

Question 18

The term myogenic indicates that the heart muscle is the source of

Accepted Answer

A)  the contractile force for pumping. 
B)  a hormone that indirectly regulates blood volume. 
C)  the electrical signal that triggers heart contraction. 
D)  receptors that trigger blood pressure reflexes. 
E)  stem cells that repair damaged heart tissue. 
A)  the contractile force for pumping. 
B)  a hormone that indirectly regulates blood volume. 
C)  the electrical signal that triggers heart contraction. 
D)  receptors that trigger blood pressure reflexes. 
E)  stem cells that repair damaged heart tissue.

Question 19

The ________ are calcium channels in cardiac contractile cells.Opening them causes ________.

Accepted Answer

ryanodine receptors;

Question 20

Discuss the attachments between adjacent cardiac muscle cells.What features are important anatomically and physiologically? Is there a disadvantage to this arrangement?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are joined by struc

Exam 14: Cardiovascular Physiology

Atropine inhibits parasympathetic activity.Discuss the effects of atropine on the heart and describe common expected side effects.

The amount of blood returning to the heart is the ________.

The depolarization of the pacemaker action potential spreads to adjacent cells through

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -Blood pressure decreases during sleep.How does this affect velocity?

Which of the following statements about hydrostatic pressure is NOT true?

The duration of the action potential is ________ in contractile myocardium,________ in autorhythmic contractile,and ________ in skeletal muscle.

Put these phases of the cardiac cycle in the correct order. 1)opening of the semilunar valves 2)isovolumic contraction 3)beginning of atrial systole 4)closure of the AV valves 5)completion of ventricular filling 6)beginning of ventricular systole 7)ventricular relaxation 8)ventricular ejection

If the stroke volume of the left ventricle is 65 mL/beat and the stroke volume of the right ventricle is 68 mL/beat,what will happen to the relative distribution of blood in the systemic and pulmonary circulation after 15 beats?

Atrial contraction

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -You suck milk through a 6-inch straw and through a 10-inch straw; the diameters are identical.Resistance is ________ in the 10-inch straw compared to the 6-inch straw.

Each of the following changes will result in increased blood flow to a tissue except one.Identify the exception.

Match the change with the cardiovascular event described. -If total cross-sectional area of blood vessels in an organ increases,what happens to velocity of blood through that organ?

The chambers of the heart that pump blood into the arteries are the ________.

Narrowing of the opening of a heart valve is referred to as ________.

The most proximal arteries to branch from the aorta are the ________.

Explain what a portal system is and give an example.How is a portal system different from the typical arrangement of vessels?

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

The term myogenic indicates that the heart muscle is the source of

The ________ are calcium channels in cardiac contractile cells.Opening them causes ________.

Discuss the attachments between adjacent cardiac muscle cells.What features are important anatomically and physiologically? Is there a disadvantage to this arrangement?

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

The duration of the action potential is in contractile myocardium, in autorhythmic contractile,and in skeletal muscle.

The are calcium channels in cardiac contractile cells.Opening them causes .