Question 1

Define the term transport maximum and describe a way cells can increase their transport capacity.

Accepted Answer

The transport maximum occurs when all ca

Question 2

This type of membrane protein extends all the way through the cell membrane into both the extra- and intracellular fluids: ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This type of membrane protein extends all...

Question 3

Explain the differences between channel proteins and carrier proteins and why cells need both.

Accepted Answer

Channel proteins allow more rapid transp

Question 4

Which of the following is a way for solutes in an aqueous solution to move from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  only facilitated diffusion 
B)  only osmosis 
C)  only active transport 
D)  both facilitated diffusion and osmosis 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  only facilitated diffusion 
B)  only osmosis 
C)  only active transport 
D)  both facilitated diffusion and osmosis 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 5

Explain the difference between Fick's law of diffusion and the flux of a molecule.

Accepted Answer

Fick's law of diffusion determines the r

Question 6

The inside of a resting cell is slightly negative relative to the outside.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical disequilibrium. 
B)  osmotic equilibrium. 
C)  chemical disequilibrium. 
D)  failed homeostasis. 
A)  electrical disequilibrium. 
B)  osmotic equilibrium. 
C)  chemical disequilibrium. 
D)  failed homeostasis.

Question 7

Match the terms to changes presented,assuming a resting membrane potential of -70 mV.Answers may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
-to +30 mV from resting potential

Accepted Answer

A) electrical polarization 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers 
A) electrical polarization 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers

Question 8

The means by which a cell transports large molecules out of the cell is called

Accepted Answer

A)  phagocytosis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  diffusion. 
E)  active transport. 
A)  phagocytosis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  diffusion. 
E)  active transport.

Question 9

Match the terms to changes presented,assuming a resting membrane potential of -70 mV.Answers may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
-to -70 mV from -90 mV

Accepted Answer

A) electrical polarization 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers 
A) electrical polarization 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers

Question 10

Diuretics cause the kidneys to produce large amounts of urine.Unfortunately,they can also cause the loss of large quantities of K+ in the urine.What effect might prolonged use of diuretics have on nerve or muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Low concentrations of potassium in the b

Question 11

Explain the term dynamic steady state.

Accepted Answer

Dynamic indicates that materia

Question 12

At rest,nerve cells have a voltage of ________ mV.

Accepted Answer

-70 (Note to instructor: All n

Question 13

Match the membrane protein with its function.
-enzymes

Accepted Answer

A) transfer signals from the extracellular environment to the cytoplasm of the cell 
B) form cell-to-cell connections 
C) bind to molecules to facilitate entry to or exit from the cell 
D) ligands bind to these proteins and are changed by the protein 
A) transfer signals from the extracellular environment to the cytoplasm of the cell 
B) form cell-to-cell connections 
C) bind to molecules to facilitate entry to or exit from the cell 
D) ligands bind to these proteins and are changed by the protein

Question 14

Match the transport process to its description.
-the use of ATP to move molecules

Accepted Answer

A) simple diffusion 
B) facilitated diffusion 
C) both 
D) neither 
A) simple diffusion 
B) facilitated diffusion 
C) both 
D) neither

Question 15

Explain why transporting epithelial cells are said to be polarized.What does it mean when a nerve cell is said to be polarized?

Accepted Answer

Transport epithelia have cells that are

Question 16

A cell that is permeable to Solute X is placed into solution containing a higher concentration of X.Diffusion occurs until equilibrium is attained.At this time,

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no further movement of Solute X across the membrane. 
B)  there is no further change in concentration of Solute X. 
C)  Both of the statements are correct. 
D)  Neither of the statements is correct. 
A)  there is no further movement of Solute X across the membrane. 
B)  there is no further change in concentration of Solute X. 
C)  Both of the statements are correct. 
D)  Neither of the statements is correct.

Question 17

Hyposmotic solutions

Accepted Answer

A)  have higher concentrations of solutes than hyperosmotic solutions. 
B)  have lower concentrations of solutes than other hyposmotic solutions. 
C)  have the same concentration of solutes as hyperosmotic solutions. 
D)  have lower concentrations of solutes than hyperosmotic solutions. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  have higher concentrations of solutes than hyperosmotic solutions. 
B)  have lower concentrations of solutes than other hyposmotic solutions. 
C)  have the same concentration of solutes as hyperosmotic solutions. 
D)  have lower concentrations of solutes than hyperosmotic solutions. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 18

Membrane protein pores that can be opened and closed are called ________ channels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Membrane protein pores that can be opened...

Question 19

You are walking to school one day when you notice an alien spaceship that has crashed in a nearby field.You and some other physiology students collect samples from the beings inside of the spaceship.First,you collect a liquid sample of what appears to be alien blood so that you can test for the concentration of solutes inside the alien blood cells.You then extract some of these cells,place them in various concentrations of glucose in water,then look at them under the microscope.Below is what happens to the cells when they are placed in various concentrations of glucose:
   Table 5.1
-Refer to Table 5.1.How can you determine the osmolarity and tonicity of the alien blood and alien cells?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative chemical analysis

Question 20

Name two ways the selectivity of a channel is determined.

Accepted Answer

1.the diameter of th

Exam 5: Membrane Dynamics

Define the term transport maximum and describe a way cells can increase their transport capacity.

This type of membrane protein extends all the way through the cell membrane into both the extra- and intracellular fluids: ________.

Explain the differences between channel proteins and carrier proteins and why cells need both.

Which of the following is a way for solutes in an aqueous solution to move from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration?

Explain the difference between Fick's law of diffusion and the flux of a molecule.

The inside of a resting cell is slightly negative relative to the outside.This is an example of

Match the terms to changes presented,assuming a resting membrane potential of -70 mV.Answers may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -to +30 mV from resting potential

The means by which a cell transports large molecules out of the cell is called

Match the terms to changes presented,assuming a resting membrane potential of -70 mV.Answers may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -to -70 mV from -90 mV

Diuretics cause the kidneys to produce large amounts of urine.Unfortunately,they can also cause the loss of large quantities of K+ in the urine.What effect might prolonged use of diuretics have on nerve or muscle cells?

Explain the term dynamic steady state.

At rest,nerve cells have a voltage of ________ mV.

Match the membrane protein with its function. -enzymes

Match the transport process to its description. -the use of ATP to move molecules

Explain why transporting epithelial cells are said to be polarized.What does it mean when a nerve cell is said to be polarized?

A cell that is permeable to Solute X is placed into solution containing a higher concentration of X.Diffusion occurs until equilibrium is attained.At this time,

Hyposmotic solutions

Membrane protein pores that can be opened and closed are called ________ channels.

Name two ways the selectivity of a channel is determined.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

Diuretics cause the kidneys to produce large amounts of urine.Unfortunately,they can also cause the loss of large quantities of K⁺ in the urine.What effect might prolonged use of diuretics have on nerve or muscle cells?