Question 1

Preload refers to blood in the arteries,and afterload refers to blood in the veins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Common adverse reactions associated with thiazides include

Accepted Answer

A) hypokalemia and hypouricemia. 
B) hyperkalemia and hypouricemia. 
C) hypokalemia and hyperuricemia. 
D) hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia. 
A) hypokalemia and hypouricemia. 
B) hyperkalemia and hypouricemia. 
C) hypokalemia and hyperuricemia. 
D) hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia. C

Question 3

Which of the following is true regarding digitalis glycosides (digoxin,Lanoxin,Digitek)? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) Can reduce pulmonary edema 
B) Increase contractility of the heart 
C) Have a narrow therapeutic index 
D) Are considered a first-line therapy for the treatment of heart failure (HF) 
E) Cause diuresis due to a direct effect on the kidneys 
A) Can reduce pulmonary edema 
B) Increase contractility of the heart 
C) Have a narrow therapeutic index 
D) Are considered a first-line therapy for the treatment of heart failure (HF) 
E) Cause diuresis due to a direct effect on the kidneys A,B,C

Question 4

A patient taking warfarin (Coumadin)may experience interactions with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Phenobarbital 
B) Erythromycin 
C) Aspirin 
D) All of the above 
A) Phenobarbital 
B) Erythromycin 
C) Aspirin 
D) All of the above

Question 5

The newest guidelines from the ACC/AHA recommend using HMG-coA reductase inhibitors (statins)as the drugs of first choice for treating patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease based on

Accepted Answer

A) a total cholesterol level of over 240 mg/dL. 
B) a low-density lipoprotein level over 190 mg/dL. 
C) the patient's estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. 
D) poor lifestyle factors such as being overweight and smoking. 
A) a total cholesterol level of over 240 mg/dL. 
B) a low-density lipoprotein level over 190 mg/dL. 
C) the patient's estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. 
D) poor lifestyle factors such as being overweight and smoking.

Question 6

Nitroglycerin (NTG)should be

Accepted Answer

A) stored in plastic. 
B) kept in the refrigerator. 
C) administered once every 5 minutes until the anginal attack is stopped. 
D) available to the dental team for treatment of an acute anginal attack. 
E) All of the above 
A) stored in plastic. 
B) kept in the refrigerator. 
C) administered once every 5 minutes until the anginal attack is stopped. 
D) available to the dental team for treatment of an acute anginal attack. 
E) All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is true concerning what research has shown regarding the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Studies have shown a very strong positive correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
B) Studies have shown a weak but positive correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
C) Studies both support and reject the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
D) Studies have shown that there is no correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
A) Studies have shown a very strong positive correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
B) Studies have shown a weak but positive correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
C) Studies both support and reject the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. 
D) Studies have shown that there is no correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease.

Question 8

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)end with the suffix

Accepted Answer

A) -olol. 
B) -dipine. 
C) -pril. 
D) -artan. 
A) -olol. 
B) -dipine. 
C) -pril. 
D) -artan.

Question 9

Approximately _____% of people with hypertension are properly treated.

Accepted Answer

A) 20 
B) 40 
C) 50 
D) 60 
A) 20 
B) 40 
C) 50 
D) 60

Question 10

Blood returning from the peripheral circulation enters the

Accepted Answer

A) left atrium. 
B) left ventricle. 
C) right atrium. 
D) right ventricle. 
A) left atrium. 
B) left ventricle. 
C) right atrium. 
D) right ventricle.

Question 11

The presence of _____ in the oral cavity can be a sign of an adverse effect associated with the oral anticoagulants.

Accepted Answer

A) lichen planus 
B) petechial hemorrhages 
C) linear gingival erythema 
D) hairy tongue 
A) lichen planus 
B) petechial hemorrhages 
C) linear gingival erythema 
D) hairy tongue

Question 12

NSAIDs can antagonize the effects of which of the following antihypertensive medications?

Accepted Answer

A) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) 
B) b-Adrenergic antagonists 
C) Calcium channel blockers 
D) Loop diuretics 
E) Centrally acting hypertensive agents 
A) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) 
B) b-Adrenergic antagonists 
C) Calcium channel blockers 
D) Loop diuretics 
E) Centrally acting hypertensive agents

Question 13

b-Adrenergic blockers lower blood pressure primarily by

Accepted Answer

A) reducing peripheral resistance. 
B) decreasing cardiac output. 
C) lowering plasma volume. 
D) lowering plasma renin levels. 
A) reducing peripheral resistance. 
B) decreasing cardiac output. 
C) lowering plasma volume. 
D) lowering plasma renin levels.

Question 14

Of the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors,which has the shortest circulating half-life?

Accepted Answer

A) Factor II 
B) Factor VII 
C) Factor VIII 
D) Factor IX 
E) Factor X 
A) Factor II 
B) Factor VII 
C) Factor VIII 
D) Factor IX 
E) Factor X

Question 15

Which is true regarding the use of a local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor for a patient with cardiovascular disease? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiovascular patients should not receive epinephrine. 
B) Injecting slowly will reduce the incidence of adverse reactions from the vasoconstrictor. 
C) An intravascular injection will reduce the incidence of adverse reactions from the vasoconstrictor. 
D) Poor management of pain can cause the release of endogenous epinephrine. 
A) Cardiovascular patients should not receive epinephrine. 
B) Injecting slowly will reduce the incidence of adverse reactions from the vasoconstrictor. 
C) An intravascular injection will reduce the incidence of adverse reactions from the vasoconstrictor. 
D) Poor management of pain can cause the release of endogenous epinephrine.

Question 16

Which of the following is the most important dental drug interaction with the thiazide diuretics?

Accepted Answer

A) Aspirin 
B) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 
C) Penicillin 
D) Chlorhexidine 
A) Aspirin 
B) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 
C) Penicillin 
D) Chlorhexidine

Question 17

Each of the following is true for management of the dental patient taking warfarin except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A) Use of aspirin should be avoided. 
B) Most dental procedures do not require a change in the dose of warfarin. 
C) Insure the patient is free of infection before scaling/root planing is performed. 
D) Ask the patient to stop taking warfarin 3 days before the procedure. 
A) Use of aspirin should be avoided. 
B) Most dental procedures do not require a change in the dose of warfarin. 
C) Insure the patient is free of infection before scaling/root planing is performed. 
D) Ask the patient to stop taking warfarin 3 days before the procedure.

Question 18

Which of the following is the most common cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Heart failure 
B) Cardiac arrhythmia 
C) Angina 
D) Hypertension 
A) Heart failure 
B) Cardiac arrhythmia 
C) Angina 
D) Hypertension

Question 19

Each of the following agents inhibits platelet function except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A) Clopidogrel 
B) Dipyridamole 
C) Ticlopidine 
D) Aspirin 
A) Clopidogrel 
B) Dipyridamole 
C) Ticlopidine 
D) Aspirin

Question 20

Some studies have found that the presence of periodontal disease predicts an increase in morbidity and mortality resulting from cardiovascular disease and others have failed to show a relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Preload refers to blood in the arteries,and afterload refers to blood in the veins.

Common adverse reactions associated with thiazides include

Which of the following is true regarding digitalis glycosides (digoxin,Lanoxin,Digitek)? (Select all that apply. )

A patient taking warfarin (Coumadin)may experience interactions with which of the following?

The newest guidelines from the ACC/AHA recommend using HMG-coA reductase inhibitors (statins)as the drugs of first choice for treating patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease based on

Nitroglycerin (NTG)should be

Which of the following is true concerning what research has shown regarding the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease?

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)end with the suffix

Approximately _____% of people with hypertension are properly treated.

Blood returning from the peripheral circulation enters the

The presence of _____ in the oral cavity can be a sign of an adverse effect associated with the oral anticoagulants.

NSAIDs can antagonize the effects of which of the following antihypertensive medications?

b-Adrenergic blockers lower blood pressure primarily by

Of the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors,which has the shortest circulating half-life?

Which is true regarding the use of a local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor for a patient with cardiovascular disease? (Select all that apply. )

Which of the following is the most important dental drug interaction with the thiazide diuretics?

Each of the following is true for management of the dental patient taking warfarin except one.Which is the exception?

Which of the following is the most common cardiovascular disease?

Each of the following agents inhibits platelet function except one.Which is the exception?

Some studies have found that the presence of periodontal disease predicts an increase in morbidity and mortality resulting from cardiovascular disease and others have failed to show a relationship.

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